surface offset 中文意思是什麼
surface offset
解釋
曲面偏移-
Methods ： fifty paired embalmed cadaveric humeri ( twenty - five pairs : fourteen from male donors and eleven from female donors ) were scanned in medial - lateral ( ml ) and anterior - posterior ( ap ) position according to the humeral retroversion by ct. images of the humeri in the transverse planes at the lowest border of neck ( lbn ), 20mm and 40mm distal of lbn ( lbn - 20 、 lbn - 40 ), isthmus, head - neck anterior - posterior ( hn - ap ) were obtained. sixty - one extracortical and intracortical parameters were measured exactly by image analytic computer software that included offset, head position, head - shaft angle, head to tuberosity height ( ht ), head thickness, curvature radius, articular surface arc ( sa ), neck diameter, isthmus position, proximal and distal border of isthmus, maximum coronal and sagittal diameter of medullary canal and thickness of cortical bone in four planes, including lbn, lbn - 20, lbn - 40 and isthmus
方法： 50根成對防腐肱骨（男14對，女11對）按肱骨頭扭轉角置於冠狀位和矢狀位，行肱骨全長，頭頸矢狀面，解剖頸下緣及其下20mm 、 40mm ，髓腔狹窄部四平面ct掃描，由ct軟體測量冠、矢狀位髓腔內外參數共61項，包括頭心?干軸距，頭位置，頭干角，頭?結節高度差，頭厚度，頭半徑，關節面張角，解剖頸直徑，髓腔狹窄部位置，解剖頸下緣及其下20mm 、 40mm和狹窄部四個平面髓腔的最大冠、矢狀徑，皮質骨厚度等。 -
It was specially pointed out that, when the tail water is constant maximum tide, the computed flood surface is higher than that of nonsteady current, so there is some safety superelevation. underestimation of the roughness will make downward bias to compute along - river surface and bring hidden trouble for flood control. to improve the section can decrease the water level or offset the water rise for increase of floodplains " roughness, but it need much engineering works
特別提出，按照恆定流計算出來的設計水位比非恆定水位具有一定的安全儲備；而對于灘地糙率的低估又會造成設計水位的偏低，給防洪工作帶來隱患；如果利用改進斷面形式來降低水位或彌補糙率增加帶來的水位抬高，需要較大的工程量，所以平時應注意灘面的減糙管理工作。 -
The tsf method combines efficiently llsf and tri - cubic spline interpolation, learns from others " strong points to offset one ' s weaknesses, so has rapidity and high accuracy of computation and is suitable for contour surface drawing in real - time. 3
該方法綜合多元樣條擬合法與局部加權最小二乘法，揚長避短，不僅保證了逼近精度，提高了計算速度，而且加密計算的結果可直接應用於等位面的實時顯示。 -
According to characteristics of the seismic data from the low snr region with complex surface, this paper is started from solving the static correction problem and reasonable eliminating all kinds of disturbance in the seismic data from the low snr region with complex surface. through the whole process of seismic data processing which includes a series of processing methods that are suitable for the low snr region, namely, from the choosing of the floating base - level, the static correction in the field and indoors, the eliminating of all kinds of noise before and after stacking, the velocity analysis with high - resolution, the reasonable techniques of deconvolution before stacking and wavelet processing after stacking, to the method choosing of the high - resolution stacking and the reasonable and accurate offset imaging, a set of the complete and effective flow for processing seismic data from the low snr region with complex surface are finally formed, which can meet the need of explo
本文針對復雜地表低信噪比地區地震資料的特點，以解決復雜地表低信噪比地區地震資料靜校正問題及合理剔除各類干擾為出發點，在整個地震資料處理過程中，從浮動基準面的選取、野外及室內靜校正、疊前疊后各類噪音的去除、高精度速度分析、合理的疊前反褶積及疊后子波處理技術、到選用高精度的疊加技術及合理準確的偏移成像方法等一系列適合於復雜地表低信噪比地區的處理方法，最終形成一套較完整且有效的針對復雜地表低信噪比地區地震資料的處理流程。 -
Sort of effectively method of constructing offset surface
一種有效的等距面構造方法 -
In some time - critical situation, continuous ssi is computation bottleneck of some solid modeling system. conventional approach for solving continuous ssi often uses intersection algorithm iteratively without taking the characteristic of the surface into account to simplify computation. the dissertation analyzes the intersect curve structure of continue surface, from the point of intersect curve ' s evolution, it describes the relationship between topology of offset surface intersect curve and topology transmit point ( ttp )
等距曲面和運動曲面在cad cam領域中有著重要的應用，在一些時間敏感場合例如數控加工動態模擬，等距曲面和運動曲面等連續變化曲面求交運算已成為這些系統的計算瓶頸，連續變化曲面求交問題的通常解法是採用曲面求交演算法反復迭代計算交線，沒有考慮連續變化曲面交線之間的相似性進行求交簡化，效率上一直不能有很大的提高。 -
The first one is based on the offset surface of subdivision model. through mapping the original mesh node by node, the offset surface is generated. it can get the interference free tool - path directly from the offset surface without complex interference check and process
然後實現了兩種精加工刀具軌跡生成方法，一種是基於等距面的截平面法，通過點對點法向映射的方法生成遞歸分割曲面模型法向等距面，由該等距面生成無干涉刀具軌跡。 -
To eliminate or lessen the system errors caused by the offset and slope of the thin aluminum sheet when measuring its surface, and to avoid over - cutting while machining the honeycomb surface, the saddle - point programming is applied to the position optimization of the theoretical surface. to generate the cnc program of the honeycomb sandwich, the equidistant calculation of the actual surface is produced and the data processing software is developed
利用鞍點規劃方法優化理論橢球面的位置，使實測曲面相對理論橢球面的最大法向誤差達到最小，減少或消除了蒙皮內表面測量時由於定位的偏心或歪斜引起的系統誤差，使誤差均化，防止了配對加工蜂窩夾芯表面時少切或過切現象的發生。 -
Without using a model whose topology is known for mesh fitting, the algorithm simplifies the 3d surface topology problem to 2d surface topology problem by projection. then the best 3d surface topology is deduced using the minimum summing of spans criterion based on the " minimum offset " criterion which is proposed in this paper to determining the points links between two adjacent contours. the custom software is designed for 3d rendering using opengl interface
為解決不平行輪廓的重建問題，本文用投影的方法把三維表面拓撲結構問題轉化為二維表面拓撲結構問題；為確定平面輪廓間點的對應關系，本文提出基於最小偏移量準則的輪廓拼接演算法並用跨段之和最小準則來確定輪廓拼接的起始點和最佳可接受的表面，從而確定三維表面的拓撲結構。 -
Through approximating the deformation space by using curve and surface offset techniques, we obtain a unified space deformation model. thus the sampling problem is solve naturally at the same time, we provide a unified kernel for the implementation of different space deformation models
通過對曲線、曲面控制變形中的變形空間進行等距逼近的方法，我們實現了一個一維、二維、三維控制手段的統一空間變形模型，這種統一不但自然地解決了曲線、曲面控制變形中的采樣問題，同時為實現各種空間變形提供了一個統一的數學模型。 -
Based on the principle of inclined offset surface, the calculation and generation of nc cutter location for small divided area of blade were introduced. in addition the computer simulation and the path chart of cutter center were given to prove the tool path
在每一段曲面上，基於斜等距曲面的原理，推導出葉片分段側銑加工時刀位軌跡的生成和計算；並用計算機模擬和刀心軌跡圖對刀位進行了驗證。 -
By analyzing the scanning galvanometer the effect of offset between reflector surface and its rotate axis is given quantitatively
通過對掃描振鏡的分析，定量給出了反射鏡反射面與振鏡轉軸偏心對掃描光線的影響。 -
Because the curvature of surface itself may vary in a large domain, it induces an upper limit of feasible offset distance. the author proposed a method to estimate the offset distance
由於曲面本身曲率變化，導致曲面可等距距離存在一個上限，本文通過對細分曲面進行分析，給出了一種細分曲面可等距距離的估計演算法。 -
But this method can ’ t be used to generate tool - path for the kind of surfaces whose curvature varies sharply, since singularity may appear when creating the offset surface. it is computation expensive to resolve the singularity
但曲率變化大的曲面在生成等距面時發生自交，曲面的自交處理計算復雜，降低了基於等距面的刀具軌跡計算速度。 -
To interpolate the given ship offset data, the ship - hull surface is represented successfully by nurbs. the boundary conditions computation and knots vector construction are detailed in nurbs curve and surface interpolation
本文根據船體型值表的數據，用nurbs曲面來描述完整船體曲面，對插值曲面邊界條件構造及節點矢量計算進行了研究，實現了船體曲線曲面的nurbs表達。 -
Offset error, which is a basic problem in subdivision surface, is also presented in the paper
作為細分曲面等距的一個基本問題，本文還對等距曲面誤差進行了分析。 -
The angle spectrum of inputting optical signals is received by the input surface of arrayed waveguides. whereas the diffraction process of light beam outputed in slab waveguide is a process of " composing frequency and generating image ". the reason that fraunhofer diffractive pattern can be gained on outputting waveguide surface is that output ends of arrayed waveguide distribute on the arch structure which leads bent phase factor to offset the quadratic phase factor in fresnel diffraction
輸入平板波導內光束的衍射過程是「分頻成譜」的過程，在陣列波導的輸入面接收到的是輸入光信息的角譜；而輸出平板波導內光束的衍射過程則是「合頻成像」的過程，正是由於陣列波導輸出口排列分佈在圓弧形結構上，其彎曲位相因子消去了菲涅耳衍射中的二次位相因子，從而在輸出波導面上能夠得到夫瑯和費衍射圖樣。 -
The general idea behind the second one is approximation. the control mesh is subdivided until the error between the control vertices and corresponding subdivision surface is less than a given threshold. then the vertices substitute those points on the surface approximately. the last step is to calculate offset point for every vertex and connect them to form an offset surface
第二種演算法採用逼近思想，首先通過對控制網格進行細分，當控制頂點和細分曲面的距離滿足一定誤差要求時，近似用控制頂點代替細分曲面上的點，然後對各個頂點分別求等距點。 -
In the last part of the article applications of space cubic ph to sweep surface modeling and pipe surface modeling are introduced, and sufficient criteria that guarantee that the offset of a sweeping surface are generated by the offset curves of the profile curve is investigated
最後，本文介紹了空間三次ph曲線在掃曲面和管道面造型方面的應用，並研究了一掃曲面的等距面為該掃曲面輪廓線的等距線所生成的充分條件。 -
Based on theory of spline surface offset, the first one directly finds the control polygon mesh of the offset surface from the original control mesh
第一種演算法依據樣條曲面等距原理，把對細分曲面的等距轉化為其等距前後控制網格的對應關系。
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