synthetic substitute 中文意思是什麼

synthetic substitute 解釋
合成代用品
  • synthetic : adj 1 綜合的；合成的；（橡膠等）人造的。2 代用的；摹擬的，假想的；虛構的；【語言學】綜合（性）的...
  • substitute : n 1 代替者[物]，代用品；候補員；后補選手；收入（數）。2 【語法】代用詞[語]。3 【礦物】轉接器，短...
  1. In response to the growing demand for imported oil to fuel vehicles, some nations, such as china, are turning to coal to serve as a feedstock for synthetic fuels that substitute for gasoline and diesel fuel

    為了因應汽車燃料對進口油品的需求持續成長，部份國家如中國，正轉以煤為原料製造合成燃料，取代汽油與柴油。
  2. Of them, great current capacity high accuracy pump test panel project has carried on tender on the internet, finally passed through the quality synthetic evaluation, and determined to be constructed and exploited by province mechanical and electrical design institute unit. after the project completed, it could expand the new product productivity, and substitute the import product

    其中大流量高精度泵測試臺項目進行了網上招標，最後經綜合評價，確定同省機電設計院聯合開發建設，項目建成后，能擴大新產品生產能力，並能替代進口產品，提高企業經濟效益是十分必要的，同時對提高我國泵類製造水平勞動地區，同行業發展也是有現實意義的。
  3. Cell adhesion to surface of the substrate is essential to development of the anchorage - dependent cells. only after adhering to surface followed by spreading can cells develop and proliferate. most synthetic polymers used as orthopaedic matrix substitute present hydrophobicity, which may correlates to the low degree of cell attachment. modification with cell adhesion protein / peptides can be benificial to the cell adhesion on polymers and then affect the cell proliferation and differentiation. cell attachment to substrate is primarily mediated by integrins, a widely expressed family of heterodimeric surface receptors. most extrcellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, osteopontin, collagen type i, bone sialoprotein and vitronectin contain an arg - gly - asp ( rgd ) sequence which is specific to the fixation of cell membrane receptors like integrin. the main aim of this research is to measure, assess adhesion, proliferation of rabbit marrow stromal cells ( mscs ) on the polymers coated by fibronectin, collagen type i or biotie gen, which includes : ( 1 ) biologic characteristics of rabbit mscs were observed by two types of separating method in primary culture. ( 2 ) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs cultured on polymers coated with biotiegen were assessed. ( 3 ) also, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs were assessed on plga film or porous plga substrates coated with fibronectin, or collagen type i respectively. ( 4 ) bone formation was observed on the porous plga substrates coated with collagen type i in vivo. this research aims to give new way to make novel synthetic bone with cell adhesion and high bone induction capabilities

    因此將這些蛋白包被、固定到材料表面，觀察骨組織工程種子細胞mscs細胞的粘附、生長特性是本研究的中心環節，並從以下方面進行探討： （ 1 ）採用不同原代細胞分離方法，研究其對mscs細胞的生物學特性影響。 （ 2 ）檢測基因勝肽膠對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及分化的影響。 （ 3 ）分別採用型膠原及纖維粘連蛋白（ fibronectin ， fn ）包被聚乙醇酸-乳酸共聚物（ poly （ 1actide - co - glycolide ） ， plga ）膜及多孔塊型plga材料，觀察細胞在單層或三維培養狀態下，型膠原及fn對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及向成骨細胞分化效應及能力。
  4. Our products can be widely used as medical supplies, packaging materials, agricultural supplies, auto cover, filter medium, etc. therefore, as a kind of the innovatory products, they are the substitute for traditional textile fabrics, leather, synthetic leather, ground paper, cotton and so on

    產品的應用涉及醫療衛生用品，一次性防護用服，床單包裝鞋材，地毯基布農業豐收布汽車車罩，濾材及包裝材料等領域，是代替傳統的紡織品皮革合成革及厚紙棉布基材的革命性產品。
  5. Firstly, we made investigations for reconstructed effects by measurements and surveys at sites, and made evaluations of social function using blurry synthetic evaluation methods. secondly, we analysed and valued the ecological functions, taking the fixed volume calculation of gardening vegetables the various types of ecological functions of garden and the fixed analysis of the ecological adjustment as the basic methods. lastly, in the thesis, many methods are used to calculate the value of economic values, such as shadow project method, market - value method, substitute method, and so on

    首先，通過實地測量和問卷調查等方法對其改造效果進行調查，並且運用模糊綜合評價法對其社會功能進行評價;其次，以城市園林綠化綠量計算為基礎，以園林植物不同種類生態功能定量計算為基本方法，對其生態功能進行了分析和估算;最後，運用碳稅法、造林成本法、影子工程法、市場價值法、條件價值法、替代法等方法，估算了其經濟功能。
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