勢之介 的英文怎麼說

In order to be the choice of hdtv, different kinds of displays develop much fast in the recent years. the dissertation introduces the development of all kinds of display, and gets the conclusion that, cpt still has the great advantage in the tv terminal field under the condition that the lcd is taking the place of cpt in the cdt field. the main research contents of cpt which includes high - luminance, high - contrast, high - definition, low - power, and complanation, have been investigated

本文系統地闡述了hdtv用的顯示器件的基本要求及其發展歷史和現狀，介紹了各類顯示器件欲成為hdtv終端顯示近年來所作的努力；總結出了雖然在彩色顯示器（ cdt ）領域，液晶顯示器（ lcd ）已經大有取而代之之勢，但是在電視終端領域，彩色顯像管（ cpt ）還是有其不可替代的巨大優勢；並分析了高亮度、高對比度、高解析度、低功耗、平面化等cpt製造的關鍵技術和研究動向。

The reality of economical development backward, our country ' s socialism nature, the peace policy of the government and so on, determines that the size of our country national defense economic development cannot be such inflated development as the superpower and the hegemonist countries. even if our economy will be developed in the future we will do not do this and our country ' s national defense expenditure will not come up with mint uprush situation

第一部分從國防費構成與變化趨勢入手，介紹了我國國防費從1995年至今的支出狀況，並對我國的國防費開支與其他幾個世界主要國家進行了比較，揭示了我國國防費開支水平較低、規模過小的事實，也簡略分析了我國國防費支出結構的不合理之處，並概括了在現代高技術戰爭條件下國防費支出的新特點。

This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。

The soil salification is a serious problem for agriculture and environment. especially now with the development of industry, the situation of soil salification becomes more and more serious, and the quality of water is continuous worsened. research on the mechanism of salt tolerance especially in the important crops, such as wheat, is becoming more urgent than ever before

土壤鹽漬化是影響農業生產和生態環境的嚴重問題，隨著工業污染加劇，灌溉用水的質量不斷下降和化肥使用不當等原因，次生鹽堿化土壤面積有不斷加劇的趨勢，給農業生產造成重大損失；黃矮病毒病是小麥等禾本科植物的重要病害之一，其傳毒介體蚜蟲更使植物產量損失巨大。

Secondly, in phase unwrapping to overcome the spread of wrong point, changing the patch of unwrapping phase is done to improve the correctness of it. then, the relation between the unwrapping phase and the height of reconstructed object is discussed detailedly. the data processing, algorithm analysis and reconstructing object are done for the collecting fringe image which are all based on matlab language, in all these achievements, the improvement and innovation aspect are following : a ) in order to stabilize the interference fringe, a new equivalent shifting object method is presented by using fringe stabilizing device to stabilize the interference fringe though moving object and ccd camera which fixed on a precise moving platform together, the experimental result shows the fringe drift is less than a / 20 in five minutes, and the equivalent phase shifting precision is x / 100

論文在全面闡述了光學三維輪廓位相測量術的發展、應用現狀、研究熱點及未來發展趨勢的基礎上，簡要介紹了傅立葉變換和相移位相輪廓測量術的基本原理，對兩種測量方法存在的問題及誤差進行詳細分析和比較；針對位相解包裹錯誤點的傳播問題，作者通過改變解包裹路徑來提高位相解包裹的正確性；分析討論從解包裹位相（ x ， y ）到再現物體的高度h （ x ， y ）物理量之間的關系，研究相應的演算法，利用matlab平臺，對實際採集的條紋圖像進行處理和輪廓重構，其中改進及創新工作主要表現在以下兩個方面： （ a ）針對干涉型結構光場干涉條紋出現的漂移抖動對相移的影響，提出了一種用條紋穩定器穩定干涉條紋，用精密移動平臺使物體和ccd攝像頭同步移動實現等效相移的方法，建立了相應的測量系統，系統的條紋穩定可以達到。

Based on the theory of competitive strategy of michael e porter, the paper gives an introduction on the present status of china chlor - alkali industry. the five competitive forces acted on china chlor - alkali industry, the evolvement trend of the industry and competitors are fully analyzed, the opportunities and the threatens given by the evolvement trend of the industry are evaluated. in view of the advantages, disadvantages and the resources possessed by liuzhou donghua company, the competitive orientation position and the corresponding marketing strategies, i. e. marketing mix ( including product, price, place and promotion ), innovation of marketing idea and seting up bilateral - benefit marketing relation of co - op, crm and innovation of marketing organization are brought forward

本文以邁克爾?波特的競爭戰略理論為框架，介紹了中國氯堿行業的現狀，對作用於中國氯堿行業的五種競爭作用力及行業演變趨勢和競爭對手情況進行了充分的分析，並評估了行業演變帶來的機會和威脅，針對柳州東化公司的優勢與存在的缺點及其擁有的資源，提出了企業的競爭性定位以及與之相應的營銷策略，即營銷組合策略（包括產品策略、價格策略、通路策略和促銷策略） ，創新營銷觀念並建立「雙贏」的合作營銷關系，實施crm及營銷組織創新。

At the point of analyzing the coal transport market, transport means, and the main coal ports, the author specified the market competition which qinhuangdao port faced. based on the whole descriptions of coal transport demands and consumes, we introduced the model of goods distribution and made some analysis about some main coal ports. and through analyzing those aspects we got a whole evaluation of the qinhuangdao port and brought out some realizable measures to the future development, such as : applying the theory of market subdividing, keeping the market share and dealing the consignees " join and developing the straight transport, setting up the center of coal gathering and distributing and dealing, intensifying the management of company, improving the port synthetical ability, fasting the construction of port basic facilities and work the coal transport well

作者以分析煤炭運輸市場、運輸方式和主要的煤炭運輸港口為著眼點，具體分析了秦皇島港所面臨的市場競爭形勢；通過對煤炭產地和消費地分佈的描述，介紹了煤炭運輸需求和消費的總體概況；並引入物資調運模型對主要港口之間的煤炭運量分配進行了簡單的定量分析；綜合以上分析，對秦皇島港的現狀作出整體評價，提出了切實可行的未來發展對策，即：應用市場細分理論；保住市場分額，做好貨主銜接，發展直達運輸；建立煤炭集散交易中心；強化企業管理，提高港口綜合能力；加快港口基礎設施建設，搞好煤炭運輸生產經營等。

In this paper, the classification and characteristic of rubbing composites formation in conventioal brake system was introduced, the development trends of future technology of rubbing composites was analysed

摘要介紹了常用剎車系統摩擦復材組成之分類與特性，分析了摩擦復材未來技術的發展趨勢。

According to the characteristic of ieee 1394 with wide bandwidth, common and real - time, the author put forward ieee 13 94 should be applied into real - time digital video transfer in optics - electronics theodolite. before engineering realization, carried out a video image transfer test on three types of digital video tape recorders and camera with ieee 1394 interface. we found that digital videos without compression transfered under ieee 1394 standard ( transfer from 4. 5m to 100m ), compared with analog videos, have no geometric distortion, and have better luminance, contrast, definition

作為工程實現前的實驗研究，對三類具有ieee1394介面的數字錄像機和攝像機進行了視頻圖像傳輸實驗，發現無壓縮格式的按ieee1394標準傳輸的數字視頻圖像（傳輸距離從4 . 5米到100米之間） ，較原始模擬視頻圖像在幾何位置信息上沒有衰變，而在亮度、對比度、邊緣清晰度這些方面有明顯的優勢；但是按dvcam壓縮格式（常見于sony公司的系列產品，是5 ： 1的dct幀內壓縮）壓縮的數字視頻圖像，較原始模擬參照圖像有明顯的幾何畸變。

In addition, it puts forward a nested temporal db, which, with stronger expressive ability than others, is a breakthrough to entity - relationship model and is referred to as nter model. it also verifies the expressive ability of nter when it is applied to sidss. finally, in view of the features of sidss and the current status of salary distribution system, it conducts initial study of the sidss based on temporal - spatial relationship and the sidss with a temporally - driven knowledge database, with the aim for us to develop a consummate sidss system in the future

本文中，介紹了時態數據庫的基本概念、發展、特點和分類；結合sidss的背景、特色及體系結構，詳細討論了sidss的時態性及其數學模型，指出將時態數據庫應用到sidss並作進一步的研究是必然趨勢，並在此基礎上研究了時態數據庫系統的模型；在探討了幾種模型之後，打破實體-關系類的模型的框框，提出了一個表達能力較強的嵌套時態數據模型，稱之為nter模型（ nestedtemporalentity - relationshipmodel ） ，並驗證將其應用到sidss系統中的表達能力；最後針對sidss的特點以及目前工資管理系統的狀況，進一步對基於時空關系的sidss系統、由時態驅動知識庫的sidss系統進行初步探討，以期今後對開發更完善的引） ss系統作進一步的研究。

Rapid prototyping technology changed the traditional pattern of product design, which could offer product sample for the designer, reduced design cycle and quicken the schedule of new product design, and it gave the decision - makers visual feeling. ; rp technology provided kinds of molds including resin - boncled mold laminate mold, investment mold and lost foam casting mold and so on for sand casting investment casting and cavityless casting, it could also use direct shell production casting to make pattern dies metal dies die - casting dies injection dies directly, and it could even produce casting products in small scales. the applications of fdm technology in plaster precision casting and the rapid casting technology based on sls technology were introduced, the organic combination between rapid prototyping tecnnology and foundry process, which initiated a new period of rapid manufacturing metal parts, by using advanced new technology alternated traditional foundry industry to make it looked brand - new, thus, the competition of foundry industry would be improved ; rapid prototyping technology offered a rapid economical feasible technical method, common processes of using rapid prototyping technology to produce dies were discussed, in the paper it explored that. the problem of combining rapid prototyping technology with electric arc metal - spraying technology to make metal dies and technics in dies manufacturing of combining rapid prototyping technology with precision casting, rapid tooling based on rapid prototyping, integrated advanced new technology and tradition technology of rapid prototyping manufacture, each superiority were exerted, rapid prototyping technology had been an efficiency measure to rapid update products and develop new product, and to middle -

快速成型技術改變了傳統的產品開發模式，可以為設計者提供產品樣件，縮短設計周期，加快新產品的開發進度，為決策者提供直觀性；快速成型技術迅速提供砂型鑄造、熔模鑄造、實型鑄造用的各種模樣，包括樹脂模、層壓模、熔模和消失模等，還可採用直接制殼鑄造法直接製造熔模鑄造用的壓型、金屬型、壓鑄型、注塑模，甚至直接製造小批量鑄件，介紹了熔積成型技術在石膏型精密鑄造上的應用和基於選擇性激光燒結技術的快速鑄造技術，快速成型技術與鑄造工藝的有機結合，開創了快速製造金屬零件的新階段，對用高新技術改造傳統的鑄造工業，使其面貌煥然一新，增強鑄造行業的競爭能力；快速成型技術為母模的製造提供了一條快速、經濟、可行的技術途徑，討論了利用快速成型技術製造模具的一般工藝方法，探討了將快速成型技術與金屬電弧噴鍍技術結合起來快速製造金屬模具問題，以及快速成型技術與精密鑄造技術相結合的模具製造工藝，基於快速成型製造的快速模具技術，集成了快速成型製造高新技術和傳統技術，發揮各自優勢，已成為產品快速更新換代和新產品開發及中、小批量生產的有效手段之一。

Although domestic container transportation have developing many years, the speed is slow and have a lot of problems, such as government department microscopically regulate force is not enough ; the improvements of all kinds of company are very impartment and instance. in the first chapter of this paper, we made an analysis to the origination and the general situation of the development of domestic coastal container liner shipping, made a deep research on the details of this market, especially on the dominating shipping company and harbor company. there ' re also detailed introduction about how these companies managed in the market at chapter 3. in chapter 4 is the analysis of problems exists in our domestic coastal container liner shipping market, which involve the problem on management, cooperation, price setting

本文首先介紹了內貿集裝箱運輸發展的歷史進程、現狀及發展趨勢，概述了沿海內貿集裝箱的發展歷史及國外內貿集裝箱發展狀況；接著通過宏觀經濟環境、貨種、船公司、港口等因素對沿海內貿集裝箱運輸進行了分析，從外部環境到企業內部環境做了相應的研究和分析；接著深入分析了內貿集裝箱運輸存在的各種問題，包括主管部門、航運企業、港口企業以及相關行業在發展沿海內貿集裝箱運輸中的不足之處，緊接著對此提出了相應的措施和建議，希望對沿海內貿集裝箱運輸的發展提供參考；最後對某海運公司在發展沿海內貿集裝箱運輸做了實證分析。

Firstly, related research work on agent, multi - agent system ( mas ), robot, multi - robot system ( mrs ) and auv are described. then, based on the famous bdi theory, extended bdi model ( xbdi model ) is presented. in xbdi model, every robot or agent has own mental states, such as beliefs, desires, goals, intentions and behavioral property, such as roles, capabilities, plans, know - hows

本文在簡要介紹agent及mas 、機器人及多機器人，尤其是水下機器人技術的研究現狀及發展趨勢之後，在目前廣為使用的bdi模型基礎之上，提出了適用於水下機器人的擴展bdi模型（ exendedbdimodel ，以下簡稱為xbdi模型） ，描述了xbdi - agent的結構和功能、定義了xbdi邏輯語言l _ x 、給出了xbdi - agent的心智狀態的表示及處理方法、並給出了xbdi系統的運行演算法。

On the background of globalization of economy, the action of restricting competition is rising increasingly in the world, which severely obstruct liberalization of trade and investment while world trade liberalization pace speed up. in view of authoritative competition regulation which regulate enterprises ’ internationally restricting competition action have not set up yet, most countries adopt the extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law to prevent international monopoly effectively, with a purpose to protect the domestic market to develop healthily and orderly. by exploring the fundamental problems in extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law and theoretical and practical experience of all countries in the world, the thesis further discusses the mode of our country in the field

本文分四部分對反壟斷法的域外適用問題進行說明:文章首先從反壟斷法域外適用的基本問題入手，介紹反壟斷法域外適用問題的產生及其必然性，簡要描述國際法協會紐約年會上所確認的三種反壟斷法域外適用理論依據的涵義、內容及彼此之間的區別;其次對美國、歐盟在反壟斷法域外適用方面的實踐進行優缺評析，指出設置反壟斷法的域外適用條款已經成為世界反壟斷立法的普遍趨勢;然後論述反壟斷法域外適用過程中產生的沖突及對沖突進行協調的方法;最後對我國反壟斷法域外適用應採用的模式進行探討，說明我國設立反壟斷法域外適用制度的必然性和總體思路，明確我國反壟斷法域外適用制度應包括的內容以及保障域外適用制度順利實施所應建立的配套機構。

The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either

在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。

At present, people usually use birefrigence and quasi - phase - matching methods to achieve higher effiency in the process of conversion. a significant advantage of quasi - phase - matching method is that the interaction is occurred through the largest element of the x ( 2 ) tensor ; the period of optical superlattice can be designed randomly, and any interaction can be matched without walk - off angle ; they are fitted to be used in frequency conversion of lower power especially. the quasi - phase - matching method has some advantages over birefrigence method, improving the efficiency of frequency conversion ; the range of frequency conversion covers its whole transperant wavelength

由於準相位匹配技術有其獨特的優勢，可以利用非線性光學晶體的最大二階極化張量，如ppln 、 pplt 、 ppktp用的非線性極化張量都是d _ （ 33 ） ，其有效非線性系數高出普通非線性光學介質（如bbo 、 lbo 、 ktp ）一個數量級，而且可以人為靈活設計調制周期，通過周期設計其頻率變換范圍可以覆蓋準相位匹配介質的整個透明波段，選擇無走離效應，解決了常規pm難以解決的問題，拓寬了非線性晶體的應用范圍，極大地提高了頻率轉換效率，已成為非線性光學材料和固體激光器的研究熱點之一。

Seventy - nine improved wheat cultivars ( lines ) including some related parents were corssed with rye to detect the difference of crossability among wheat genotypes and the developing tendency of crossability during the cultivar renewing period in shandong province, the results expressed that crossability of improved cultivars with rye were significantly lower than that of the check ( chinese spring ), and there were 3 cultivars with a seedset of more than 50 %, 4 cultivars with the seed - set of 30 % - 50 %, 8 ones with that of 10 % - 30 %, 50 ones with the seed - set of less than 5 %, and the other 14 cultivars with the seed - set of 5 % - 10 % ; the mean crossability between wheat and rye decreased with the renewing of cultivars in shandong, and the number of cultivars with the seed - set of more than 50 % and 30 % - 50 % also decreased, but that with the seed - set of less than 5 % increased gradually during the renewing period ; pedigree analysis revealed that the crossable gene of the tested cultivars might come from 3 landraces ( youzimai, mazhamai and huixianhong ), laizhou 953, 8641012, yannong 15 et al were improved wheat cultivars with both excellent agronomic traits and high crossability with rye

以79個改良小麥品種（系）與黑麥進行雜交，研究普通小麥品種與黑麥雜交親和性的差異及其親和性在品種更新、更換過程中的演變趨勢，結果表明：供試改良小麥品種與黑麥的雜交親和性顯著低於對照中國春；結實率大於50 %的品種3個，占供試品種的3 . 8 % ，結實率介於30 % - 50 %之間的品種4個，佔5 . 1 % ，結實率介於10 % - 30 %之間的品種8個（ 10 . 1 % ） ，結實率小於5 %的品種50個，佔63 . 3 % ，另外，結實率介於5 % - 10 %之間的品種14個，佔17 . 7 % ;普通小麥與黑麥的雜交親和性隨著品種的更新、更換呈下降趨勢，平均結實率大於50 % 、介於30 % - 50 %的品種數均呈下降趨勢，而結實率5 %的品種數呈上升趨勢；系譜分析表明，供試改良品種的親和性大都來源自蚰子麥、螞蚱麥、輝縣紅3個地方普通小麥品種；萊州953 、 8641012 、煙農15等是親和性和綜合性狀都較好的改良小麥品種（系） 。

Then the author analyses the current situation and development trend of workflow technology. and the author also researches the workflow management system and the workflow reference model of wfmc in - depth. in the following part, the article analyses the implementation mechanism of windchill wfms, and researches the process model - epc ( event - driven process chain ) model, organization model and resource model then the author further analyses the implementation of windchill wfms with ooa, introduces the implementation of workflow engine, activity and connector of workflow, robot

本文從企業信息化的發展現狀及趨勢出發，分析了在製造業中積極引入pdm的必要性，並著重介紹了工作流管理系統（ wfms ）在pdm實施中的重要地位；對國內外工作流技術的現狀及趨勢進行了分析；然後對wfmc工作流管理系統及參考模型進行了深入研究；在此基礎之上分析了windchill的工作流管理系統的實現機制，引入了epc過程模型，自行定義了組織模型及資源模型，並採用面向對象的分析方法進一步對windchill的wfms的實現進行了深入闡述，介紹了工作流引擎、活動、自動機、連接符等對象的實現。

The 1st chapter mainly discuss the competition situation between the civil airlines. what kind of stages our air - services be stayed on has been make certained after briefly introducing the trend of the industry. then i introuduced and analyzed the obvious characteritics of air - services

文章的第一部分主要討論現階段國內民用航空業的競爭態勢：在簡單介紹了行業發展趨勢之後，確定了目前我國航空客運服務所處的生命周期階段：快速成長期，然後對航運服務的幾個典型特徵作了分析介紹。

Distribution of four traits in fl analysis population is between the value of two patents, but also there exist transgressive inheritance

這四個性狀在分析群體的總趨勢是介於兩親本之間，但也有超親現象發生。