化整誤差 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huàzhěngwùchā]
化整誤差
英文
rounding error-
In hardware designing, the feasibility to use a / d acquisition board, signal conditioning board and the relay output board which are more professional at present to construct the hardware of the computer control system was explored, the algorithm pid was used to advance the respond to error and stability of the whole system, through selecting proper a / d, d / a, di / do board cards, a special computer control system was constructed. in software designing, the language borland c + + was
在硬體設計上，探索採用目前較為專業化的a / d轉換卡、信號調理板和繼電器輸出板構成計算機控制系統硬體結構的可行性，並採用pid控制以提高系統對誤差的響應和整個系統的穩定性，通過選用適當的a / d 、 d / a 、 di / do等板卡，構成一個很有特色的計算機控制系統。To solve the inaccuracy problem caused by the two existing methods ( average end - area method and prismoidal method ) used for the calculation of roadway earthwork volume, this paper puts forward a new concept of the 3 - dimensional algorithm that takes all the roadway geometric design procedures as a kind of geometrical operation between the ground model ( original terrain model ) and the roadway model ( designed model ) under certain constraints, and then presents a complete 3 - dimensional algorithm of roadway earthwork volume as well as its executable computer program. the algorithm benefits from the re - triangulation technique of constrained delaunay triangulation ( cdt ), which can yield a true volume value theoretically. through a number of practical tests covering varied intervals between adjacent cross sections, it is proven to possess a higher accuracy compared with that of traditional methods. all the work involved in this paper indicates that the 3 - dimensional calculation of roadway earthwork volume is feasible, more accurate and should have further application in practice
針對目前廣泛使用的道路土方量計算方法平均斷面法和稜柱體法計算不準確的缺點，提出了三維土方量計算演算法的概念.該演算法以帶約束的狄羅尼三角化（ cdt ）為技術核心，認為所有道路幾何設計過程都是地面模型和道路（設計）模型進行幾何運算的結果.基於此，本文設計出相應的演算法步驟，同時完成了相應的軟體開發，使得該三維演算法能和傳統的方法進行對比.此外，結合工程實例，採用了不同的道路橫斷面間距對三維計算方法和傳統方法的誤差進行比較、分析.結果證明三維演算法具有更好的精度，該演算法可用於道路、場地平整等工程土方量計算Compared with the classical bp algorithm, robust adaptive bp algorithm possesses some advantages as following : ( 1 ) increasing the accuracy of the network training by means of using both the relative and absolute residual to adjust the weight values ; ( 2 ) improve the robustness and the network convergence rate through combining with the robust statistic technique by way of judging the values of the samples " relative residual to establish the energy function so that can suppress the effect on network training because of the samples with high noise disturbances ; ( 3 ) prevent entrapping into the local minima area and obtain the global optimal result owing to setting the learning rate to be the function of the errors and the error gradients when network is trained. the learning rate of the weights update change with the error values of the network adaptively so that can easily get rid of the disadvantage of the classical bp algorithm that is liable to entrap into the local minima areas
與基本bp演算法相比，本文提出的魯棒自適應bp演算法具有以下優點： （ 1 ）與魯棒統計技術相結合，通過訓練樣本相對偏差的大小，確定不同訓練樣本對能量函數的貢獻，來抑制含高噪聲干擾樣本對網路訓練的不良影響，從而增強訓練的魯棒性，提高網路訓練的收斂速度； （ 2 ）採用相對偏差和絕對偏差兩種偏差形式對權值進行調整，提高了網路的訓練精度； （ 3 ）在採用梯度下降演算法對權值進行調整的基礎上，通過將學習速率設為訓練誤差及誤差梯度的特殊函數，使學習速率依賴于網路訓練時誤差瞬時的變化而自適應的改變，從而可以克服基本bp演算法容易陷入局部極小區域的弊端，使訓練過程能夠很快的「跳出」局部極小區域而達到全局最優。Comparing and analyzing the synchronous control strategy, which brings up the new method to control the double un - symmetry jars proceed synchronously with the combination of proportional valve and servo valve, which forms closed loop control ; basing on the above methods, models are made to get mathematics models of position control system and to analyze system model theoretically by using pid controller, we can realize regulating parameters, minimizing synchronous errors and enhancing the dynamic performances ; the simulink tool box in matlab software is used to imitate the system according to the model, which not only makes the result visual and easy to adjust the parameters in interactive way but also lets us understand the effects of different parameters and optimizes the dynamic properties. the theory of plc control in dshp is discussed after advanced understanding of the system movements. hardware design and general regulation are given on the base of siemens company products s7 - 200 plc
本文根據大量的國內外文獻，對研配液壓機的工作原理及設計結構進行了簡介；對位置同步的控制方法進行了比較分析，提出比例閥和伺服閥復合控制的閉環結構來對非對稱雙缸進行同步控制電液比例同步控制方案；在此基礎上著重對比例閥控非對稱缸建模，最後得到位置控制系統的總體數學模型，從理論上對同步系統動態特性進行了分析，並用pid控制器進行參數整定，減小雙缸同步誤差、提高系統的動態響應性能；其中控制性能的分析藉助于matlab軟體中的simulink工具箱，由已建立的數學模型形成模擬模型，得到可視化的模擬結果，從而利於交互方式下調整參數，了解不同的參數對系統的影響，優化同步系統的動態性能；在深入了解系統的動作特性后，對plc控制研配液壓機的原理進行了探討，針對siemens公司s7 ? 200型plc給出了硬體設計的總體規劃，編制出研配液壓機動作控製程序，在編程中著重研究位移傳感器與plc的通訊、雙缸同步運行的pid控制在plc上的實現及bcd碼撥盤輸入程序的植入問題。Transformed the six - bar guide - bar mechanism realizing linear displacement in automatic instruments into a basic rotating guide - bar mechanism, established the mathematical model of velocity approaching constant by the classical approximate synthesis theory and the modern error theory, discussedthe influences of the existent region of main mechanismic parameters on kinematic and dynamic properties, analysed the theoretical transmission ratio error, advances systematic, complete steps and methods for dimensional synthesis of this mechanism with computer aided design
將自動化儀表中實現線性輸出的六桿導桿機構轉化為基礎轉動導桿機構，應用經典的機構近似綜合理論與現代的誤差理論，建立了速度逼近常數的數學模型，討論了主要機構參數存在區域及對運動、動力性能的影響，分析了傳動比理論誤差，提出了系統完整的計算機輔助尺度綜合的步驟與方法。Model ftjr600 - 800 microcomputer control high - speed continuous - rolled vest bag making machine has such functions as photoelectric automatic tracking microcomputer length setting, high limit stopping, automatic counting, automatic alarm on reaching the set value, high compensation accuracy with such characteristics as neat bags, little error and high automatic of whole machine, so it is a kind of ideal equipment for producing blank bags, colorful bags, flat bags and vest bags etc and other various plastic soft packing bags
模型ftjr600 - 800微機控制高速連續軋制背心袋製作機等功能的光電自動跟蹤，微電腦定長，高限制停車，自動計數，自動報警到達設定值，高補償精度等特點整齊袋，誤差小，高自動化整機，所以它是一種理想的生產設備空白袋，袋豐富多彩，平面袋背心袋等，以及其他各種塑料軟包裝袋。Sigma - delta modulator, combined with oversampling, effectively attenuate the in - band quantization noise in the output signal and enhance the signal - to - noise ratio ( snr ) through the shaping of the quantization error
調制器與過采樣相結合，對量化誤差噪聲進行整形，有效衰減輸出信號的帶內量化噪聲，提高了輸出帶內信噪比（ snr ） 。As a result of the simplified torsion moment of inertia, integral stability coefficients based on the gb50017 code increase relatively 5 % or 0. 01 ~ 0. 04 absolutely, only for hn behind hn400 150, whose calculation length goes beyond the limit of 8 meters, taking account of any load condition and any yield - point
Gb50017梁的整體穩定系數公式的誤差是由扭轉慣性矩的簡化造成。任何荷載情況和鋼號，規格大於hn400 150的hn型鋼，當計算長度大於8米時，整體穩定系數偏高約5 ，絕對偏高量在0 . 01 0 . 04范圍。A new temperature segmentation linear fitting method sieves the problem caused by the nonlinear mapping between the temperature data and the chroma. that is dividing the temperature into some sections from high to low. different temperature section uses different formula
提出了一種新的溫度分段線性化擬合方法解決溫度數據與色度的非線性映射問題，即將火焰溫度由高向低分成幾個溫度段，不同的溫度段使用不同的運算公式，從而提高了測量的精度，避免了過去方法中試圖用一個標定試驗的公式來求解跨度較大的整個溫度場分佈時所產生的誤差。There are some differences between simulation and experiment results in the patterns " distribution scale for there are still some conditions " differences just as characteristics of encapsulated materials and shapes of encapsulated structure
Led結構的參數變化時，模擬曲線的變化趨勢與實驗情況吻合較好。其中存在的不同和誤差必需根據led管型的真實參數適當調整模擬參數和條件解決，有待進一步改進。Abstract : according to the characterestic of resistance furnace temperature control, temperature rising one - way control, large time delay and time - variation of parameter, using method of fuzzy compositional rule of inference establish fuzzy model and design fuzzy cntroler. in order to increase control system precision, it gives a fuzzy variable k, and sets parameter self - adjusting fuzzy control system. this system can on line self - adjusting controller parameters according to the error and variations of the error. it makes the system steady precision improved
文摘:根據電阻爐溫控制的特點，即只有升溫單向控制、滯后較大且具有參數時變性，利用模糊推理合成法建立模糊模型並進行模糊控制器設計，為提高模糊控制的精度，引入模糊變量k ，構成參數自調整模糊控制系統.該系統可根據誤差和誤差變化在線自動調整控制器參數，使系統的穩態精度得到改善According to the characterestic of resistance furnace temperature control, temperature rising one - way control, large time delay and time - variation of parameter, using method of fuzzy compositional rule of inference establish fuzzy model and design fuzzy cntroler. in order to increase control system precision, it gives a fuzzy variable k, and sets parameter self - adjusting fuzzy control system. this system can on line self - adjusting controller parameters according to the error and variations of the error. it makes the system steady precision improved
根據電阻爐溫控制的特點，即只有升溫單向控制、滯后較大且具有參數時變性，利用模糊推理合成法建立模糊模型並進行模糊控制器設計，為提高模糊控制的精度，引入模糊變量k ，構成參數自調整模糊控制系統.該系統可根據誤差和誤差變化在線自動調整控制器參數，使系統的穩態精度得到改善In the brief analysis grinder numerical control transformation erroneous compensation and the grinding wheel repair - and maintain
淺析磨床數控化改造中的誤差補償與砂輪修整The tests of e - o applications by our flux ktp has been realized, the results showed : optical waveguides fabricated by using an ion - exchange process, which have an exchange - ion concentration depth profile and refractive - index profile, is close to a complementary error - function distribution, optical homogeneity and device thermal stability is much better. amplitude modulation switch formed by our flux ktp has the contrast ratio of 150 : 1 and insert loss is 2. 5 % at 1064 nm. high quality optical pulse with 1 ns width was cut successfully by using an e - o modulator from a laser pulse with 50 ns width, this modulator had run for three years, and the crystal did n ' t blackened, it showed our low conductivity flux ktp can endure high modulation voltage for a very long time
Ktp晶體的電光應用試驗表明：用離子交換法製作的電光波導，其離子交換濃度、折射率變化符合餘弦誤差函數，光學均勻性以及器件的溫度穩定性較好；製作的強度調制電光開關，消光比為150 ： 1 ，對1064nm激光的插入損耗為2 . 5 ；製作的電光調制器用於激光脈沖整形試驗，從脈沖寬度50ns的激光脈沖削出脈寬1ns的高質量光脈沖，該電光開關經過長達三年多的使用，沒有出現晶體變黑現象，說明本實驗的低電導率ktp晶體能夠耐受長時間的調制電壓。In practice, it ’ s very hard to find any ideal scatter points to track, so this thesis focuses on the motion compensation algorithm base on motion parameters estimation, which is used in r - d fft imaging algorithm and verified by simulation. work of this thesis contains : first analyze the signal - processing model of isar system in detail, and establish a 3 - dimensional mathematical scattering model of moving target. then some improvements are made on existing compensation algorithm, to get a higher image quality and reduce compute burden
本論文有以下幾點創新: 1 .在距離向的補償（包絡對齊）方面，採用基準相關法代替相鄰相關法或積累相關法，一定程度上解決了可能出現的包絡漂移和包絡突跳現象;根據目標運動軌跡特點，採用二次曲線擬合的方法，將包絡對齊時的局部誤差轉化為全局的誤差，以便實現較優的整體對齊效果。As a result of the simplification process, a plane could be achieved through the method of fuzzy deduction
演算法可根據給定的誤差進行簡化，整個簡化過程由一個八叉樹進行組織，簡化過程中的簡化平面由模糊推理得到。This paper is based on the working theory of anti - lock braking system, the properties of fuzzy control, the modelling for vehicle system and vhicle tyre. by using of wheel speed sensor, the gather of wheel speed is practiced by filter, amplier, modifying of wheel speed. based on the wheel slip ratio of abs. given vehicle speed and wheel speed, the wheel slip ratio is computed. the error and error change ratio of slip ratio is obtained by given refering slip ratio. which is the input of fuzzy control which comprises of input fuzzy
本文根據防抱死制動系統的工作原理，模糊控制的性能特點，車輛系統模型及車輪輪胎模型，利用輪速傳感器，對輪速進行濾波、放大、整形等實現了車輪速度的採集。採用基於車輪滑移率的防抱控制理論，根據車速、輪速來計算車輪滑移率。由參考滑移率計算出滑移率的誤差、誤差變化率並作為控制器的輸入變量完成了模糊控制的模糊化、模糊推理、模糊判決。A kinematics model for 3d guidance problems is derived, a new kind of nonlinear variable structure adaptive guidance law is brought up by researching the variable structural strength item, and another fuzzy variable structure guidance law with self - adapt region is realized to enhance robustness of target acceleration estimate error of guidance law
本文建立了三維空間追逃問題的數學模型;通過對變結構控制中其變結構強度項的研究，提出一種新型變結構自適應制導律;並且考慮到對變結構強度項進行模糊化，實現一種論域自調整的模糊變結構制導律，以增強制導律對目標加速度估計誤差的魯棒性。For the measurement of analog signals such as voltage and current of astg, a filter card for pre - disposing is designed, in order to improve real - time performance, algorithms for ac analog sampling is simplified, and a compensation algorithms for phase error due to sequence - sampling is brought forward. for the measurement of impulse - width signals such as rotor - speed and rotor - position - angle, an intelligent interface card based on isa bus is designed. all programs for measure and control based on c + + are compiled and debugged and the flow for system debugging is summarized
為了提高實時性，對交流采樣演算法進行了簡化，並提出了由於非同步順序采樣所造成的相位誤差的補償演算法；針對轉速、轉子位置角等脈沖寬度信號的測量，深入分析了測量原理，設計了基於isa總線的智能介面卡；編制和調試了基於c + +的全部測量控製程序；完成了整個系統的調試，並總結了調試方法。As not to need linearization, its advantage is to take all the influence of reflection wave travel time in each layer to the whole crustal model into account, and consider the error distribution of observed data at the same time
其優點是在不需要把問題線性化過程的同時，統一考慮了各層反射波走時的離散對整個地殼模型的影響，又可兼顧觀測數據的不同誤差分佈。分享友人