壟斷交易 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǒngduànjiāoyì]
壟斷交易 英文
ring trading
  • 壟 : 名詞1. （耕地上培成的土埂） ridge 2. （田地分界的稍稍高起的小路） raised path between fields3. （像壟的東西） ridge-like things
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 交 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把事物轉移給有關方面） hand over; give up; deliver 2 （到某一時辰或季節） reach （a cert...
  • 易 : Ⅰ形容詞1. （容易） easy 2. （平和） amiable Ⅱ動詞1. （改變; 變換） change 2. （交換） exchange Ⅲ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 壟斷 : monopolize; forestall; monopoly
  1. It ' s always contacted by the concept - complete competition, which titles a manner of business with character of absolute decentralization under the assumptive condition without transaction cost. so, complete competition describes a utopian state

    壟斷是與「完全競爭」狀態相關聯的概念，完全競爭是一種假設交易費用為零時的完全分散式經營方式，因而是一種理想化的競爭狀態。
  2. Analysis for tradable emission permits under the conditions of duopoly

    寡頭壟斷市場中的排污權交易分析
  3. In somalia the monopoly of parastatals in maize, sorghum, and imported foods has been eliminated.

    在索馬里，在玉米、高梁以及進口糧食交易方面半國營壟斷機構已被取消。
  4. Behind this battle lies another one, in which the cme ' s competitors are fighting to persuade trustbusters that its bid, if successful, would create a monopolistic monster, whereas the exchange insists that the deal is about staying ahead of the pack, not price - gouging

    在這場較量後面隱藏著另外一個斗爭，芝加哥商業交易所的競爭者正極力勸說反托拉斯者，如果這個投標取得成功，它會產生一個壟斷性的巨型公司，然而，芝加哥商業交易所堅持認為，這個交易是和領先行業競爭隊伍有關，而不是哄抬價格。
  5. In the practical operation of the cohong system, interests of the different groups were involved, including the state, the guangdong customs, the hong merchants, foreign traders, and private chinese businessmen

    行商握有壟斷經營對外貿易的權力，同時又負責徵收進出口貨物的關稅，代表清政府與外商交涉並進行嚴格的管制。
  6. In this part, i analyze the reason for the benefit distribution of land expropriation in two ways : the first is the collective behavior of the involved interest groups ; the second is the economic reason

    在這里，筆者將從兩個方面來說明問題，一是從有關利益集團在交易過程中的行為趨向方面，另一個是從土地市場高度壟斷的角度來說明問題。
  7. The paper analyzes comparatively interior transaction cost of integrated model with analysis structure of r. h. coase and market transaction cost of market model according to bargain proceeding ; analyzing economy of scales for electricity industry on the terms of its definition coming up with an improved " survival of the fittest " method to find optimum economic scale and explaining " separation of power plant from electric network " with the view of vertical economy ; studying selection and realization for valid competition of electricity industry with theory of contestable market, while setting up a oligarch monopoly competition model for the electricity market based on tax control of government with the thought of dynamic game theory of

    應用科斯的交易成本分析框架對一體化管理模式下的內部交易成本進行分析，按照契約過程對市場化模式下的市場交易成本進行分析，並作了相應比較；按照規模經濟的定義對電力產業的規模經濟性進行了分析，提出改進的"適者生存法"來確定電力產業的最優經濟規模，並運用縱向經濟的觀點解釋"廠網分開" ；應用可競爭性理論研究了電力產業的有效競爭方式的選擇和實現，同時借鑒stackelberg模型的動態博弈思想，構建了基於政府稅收調控的電力市場寡頭壟斷競爭模型，通過對模型的分析說明了市場結構的演化和政府管制的必要性。
  8. The result reveals that standardized software provides a higher return though there exist much customized demands in market ; governmental agencies as big clients contribute a lower return on sales and lower delivery rate because of their monopoly position ; regional business environment affects transaction costs greatly, causing a poor performance ; the performance is significantly influenced by incentive mechanism, not significantly by the cognitive of project managers

    結果發現客戶對定製化需求大，但對標準化軟體卻有更高的邊際利潤；政府機構是大客戶，但其壟斷地位，所帶來的銷售利潤率和項目交付率並不高；地域商務環境影響交易成本，進而顯著地影響了項目的業績水平；項目業績受項目經理激勵程度和方式的影響，但與項目經理認知特徵無顯著關系。
  9. The shanghai gold exchange opened in 2002, ending more than half a century of government monopoly over the sale of the precious metal

    2002年上海黃金交易所開始營業，結束了長達半個多世紀政府對這一貴金屬銷售的壟斷。
  10. 4. analyse the forms of water rights trade and put forward several trade ways, then introduce water rights market and several kinds of pricing, and set up two - part tariff of the transfer of water rights finally

    研究水權交易的種類並提出回購協議和抵押貸款的交易方式，然後介紹壟斷市場和水權市場，以及壟斷市場的幾種定價方式，最後建立水權轉讓的兩部制價格模型。
  11. The mr. universe of international arms dealers

    是壟斷全球交易的軍火大鱷？
  12. Abuse acts mainly consists of monopoly pricing, refusals to deal, tie - in sales or tie - in other unreasonable condition, exclusive dealing agreements, etc. thirdly, this text introduces that constructivism and behaviorism are two approaches of anti - monopoly regulation. constructivism regulates concentrating situation in order to control the degree

    文章結合各國的立法實踐，對濫用市場支配地位的行為的涵義和表現形式進行了分析，主要分析了壟斷高價、掠奪性定價、搭售、拒絕交易、歧視待遇和獨家交易等行為。
  13. On the one hand, the industrial organizational optimum and the industrial intensivism is the result of enterprises " self - organization, in the process of pursuing profits, under the regulation of " the invisible hand ", enterprises continually enlarge their scale, enhance efficiency and promote the concentration of production. moreover they harmonize their relations through building big corporations and establishing long - term dealing relation ; on the other hand, the relations between enterprises of one certain industry, namely, industrial organization may be optimum ( as available competition ), may be not ( as excessive competition and high monopoly )

    一方面，產業組織優化和產業集約發展是企業自組織的結果，企業追求自身利益的過程中，在「看不見的手」的調節下不斷擴大企業規模，提高效率，推動著生產的集中，並通過組建企業集團或通過企業間確立長期交易關系協調了企業間關系；另一方面，由企業自組織力量推動形成的特定產業中的企業與企業間的關系，即產業組織，可能是優化的（如有效競爭） ，也可能是劣化的（如過度競爭和高度壟斷） 。
  14. In bilateral trade between developed countries and developing countries, developed countries tend to be the monopolies and gain the majority of the interests

    在發達國家與欠發達國家的雙邊貿易中，發達國家往往處于壟斷的位置，取得大部分交易利益。
  15. So the paper proposes that attention be paid, in the legislative process, to the model of legislation, regulating the improper deals, standardization of the supervision system, information exposure, and enhancing the law of antimonopoly

    在立法時要注意以下問題：明確金融控股公司的立法模式、對不正當交易進行限制、規范監管體系、建立信息披露制度、加強反壟斷法控制等。
  16. Administrative monopoly is the act that the government and its subordinate departments or its authorized organizations are abused to use their administrative rights to restrict competition. it composes of body, subject and object and appears in forms of regional monopoly, department monopoly, government restrict trade and administrative corporations and etc. chinese current law and regulations has many loopholes and is not effective and perfect enough to prevent administrative monopoly validly

    行政壟斷是指政府及其所屬部門或其委託授權的組織濫用行政權力限制競爭的行為，它應由主體要件、主觀要件和客觀要件構成，其主要表現形式是地區壟斷、部門壟斷、政府限定交易和設立行政性公司等。
  17. They are in a disadvantageous position in bargaining with the enterprises, and often the passive acceptors of the transaction manner and prices. the enterprises hold the dominant and monopoly position. the situation of their production and management - good or bad - has the significant impact on the benefit of the dairy farm households

    農戶在與企業談判的過程中處於劣勢，往往是交易方式和價格的接受者，企業具有主導和壟斷地位，企業的生產經營狀況對農戶的利益影響很大。
  18. Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms

    通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到：對合作的認識和遵循的指導思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大；在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路；必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預期及產權結構、組織壟斷、規模等因素的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業生產的生物性、地域分散性和生產的隨意性，同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析，農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性，所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。
  19. First, it leads to unproductive collocation of resources, covering direct investments and the relevant opportunity cost ; second, the rent - seeking part can establish monopolistic status if the deal succeed, which will then causes damage to social benefits and brings x - inefficiency ; what ' s more, rent seeking of firms leads to consumers " rent avoiding, and consequently, the firms will set to seek rent in a second circle just in order to protect their monopolistic status already established, circle by circle, the multiplying - effect will surely cause serious waste of social resources

    首先，租金交易導致資源的非生產性配置，這不僅包括尋租過程中資源的直接耗費，而且包括這些資源的機會成本;其次，租金交易成功，尋租人得以建立壟斷地位，壟斷進而引起社會福利損失和x非效率;再次，企業尋租引發消費者的避租行為，然後，企業將為維護壟斷地位開始新一輪的尋租活動，如此循環往復，這種乘數效應必然導致社會資源的嚴重浪費
  20. It respectively creates models of distribution of benefits between leading enterprise and farmers in the market structures of buyer ' s monopoly and oligopoly, successive monopoly and oligopoly. through comparison and analysis, it reaches the following conclusion : different market structures and transaction costs are the main determinant in the distribution of benefits between leading enterprise and farmers and the major factors influencing the relationship between leading enterprise and farmers

    對買方壟斷和寡頭、連續壟斷和寡頭的市場結構中龍頭企業和農戶的利益分配分別構造模型，進行對比分析，結論認為：不同市場結構和交易成本的變化是龍頭企業與農戶利益分配的主要決定因素，也是影響龍頭企業同農戶關系的主要因素。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書