推出式建造法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tuīchūshìjiànzàofǎ]
推出式建造法 英文
pushing building system
  • 推 : 動詞1 （向外用力使物體移動） push; shove 2 （磨或碾） turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 （剪或削...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 建 : Ⅰ動詞1 （建築） build; construct; erect 2 （建立; 設立; 成立） establish; set up; found 3 （提出;...
  • 造 : Ⅰ動詞1 （做; 製作） make; build; create; produce 2 （假編） cook up; fabricate; concoct 3 [書面語...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 推出 : a result from b b
  1. ( 2 ) aiming at the requirement of safe storage of the electronic documents on the information integrated platform in manufacturing enterprise, using encryption / decryption and compression / uncompression techniques and saving the electronic documents as some special attribute object of large database and managing the enterprise electronic documents effectively through database, a safe access mechanism of functional grant < wp = 7 > and recommendatory grant to decrease grant management maintenance cost is proposed and the storage mechanism of special database attribute object is studied and the method for saving, accessing and retrieving electronic document quickly is constructed. thus these methods can make the electronic documents of information integrated platform in manufacturing enterprises get safe, reliable and quick access. ( 3 ) according to this circumstance in which web pages are selected as the user interface of manufacturing application system, the safe measures of access control over web page resources are provided

    （ 2 ）針對製造企業信息集成平臺中電子文檔安全存儲要求，採用加密和壓縮技術，將電子文檔作為大型數據庫中某種特殊屬性對象來存儲，以數據庫方式對企業電子文檔進行集成的、統一的管理，提出一種訪問控制的增強型安全設計原則，基於此原則建立了管理授權和推薦式授權的安全訪問機制，用以提高系統的訪問安全性，並大大減少授權管理維護量；研究了特殊屬性對象的數據庫存儲機理，從而構造一種快速存儲、訪問和檢索電子文檔的方法，使得企業信息集成平臺的電子文檔獲得安全、可靠、快速的訪問。
  2. The content of this paper is arranged as foll owing : chapter 1 introduces the concept of credit, credit risk and credit assessment, as well as the history and development of credit assessment ; chapter 2 introduces the history of ai technology, and the background of expert system and neural network. characters and disadvantages of expert system and neural network are presented respectively and the necessity of combining expert system and neural network is lightened ; chapter 3 shows the process of dealing with sample data, including the treatment of exceptional data and factor analysis, and puts forward the concrete framework of the mixed - expert credit assessment system ; chapter 4 introduces concept of object - oriented technology, and constructs object model and functional model after analyzing the whole system. it also illustrates the implementation of concrete classes by an example of rule class and the inference algorithm in the form of pseudocode ; chapter 5 introduces the structure of the whole system, the major functional models and their interfaces, and the characteristic of the system is also generalized ; chapter 6 summarizes the whole work, and points out the remaining deficiencies as well as the prospective of this method

    本文具體內容安排如下：第一章介紹了信用、信用風險、信用評價的概念，回顧了信用評價的歷史、發展和現狀，並綜合各種信用評價模型，指出這些模型各自的優缺點：第二章簡單描述了人工智慧技術，著重介紹有關專家系統與神經網路的基礎知識，通過總結它們的優缺點，指出結合專家系統與神經網路構造混合型專家系統的必要性；本章還介紹了神經網路子模塊的概念，提出了混合型專家系統的一般框架與設計步驟：第三章對樣本數據進行處理，包括異常數據的剔除、因子分析等，提出了信用評價混合型專家系統的具體框架結構，介紹了系統知識庫的主要部分、基於優先級的正向推理機制的流程、以及基於事實的自動解釋機制的具體實現方法；第四章介紹了面向對象技術，進而採用面向對象對信用評價系統進行分析，建立了對象模型和功能模型，並在此基礎上，採用c + +語言以規則類為例說明系統中具體類的實現，用偽代碼的形式描述了推理的演算法；第五章描述了整個系統的結構，對系統主要功能模塊和界面進行了介紹，並總結系統的特點；第六章總結了全文，指出本文所構造系統存在的不足以及對將來的展望。
  3. Under the background of the research work - " expert system of hydraulic brake system design for saloon car, small and medium passenger car " for nanjing yuejin automobile group, in this paper, a set of special cad software for vihicle brake was developed in which the researchful object was brake, . the cad supporting software was pro / engineer and the developing language was vb. the project of discreted brake was raised and 3d graphic parametric library of typical parts and assemblies was established. 3d solid modeling and parameter - driven between dimensions and relations were accomplished using pro / engineer

    本文以南京躍進汽車集團的橫向課題「轎車、中小型客車液壓制動系設計專家系統」為背景，以制動器為研究對象，以pro engineer為cad支撐軟體，採用vb語言，開發了一套汽車制動器專用cad系統；提出了制動器離散化方案，構建了參數化的制動器典型零部件三維圖形庫，使用pro engineer實現三維實體造型以及尺寸與關系的參數化驅動；圖形庫系統採用參數化圖庫引用、管理機制並擁有一個開放的擴充介面；研究了pro engineer二次開發模塊pro toolkit ，解決了同步模式下定製程序界面的問題，並實現與pro engineer的通信；建立了制動過程數學模型，推導了制動方程式並給出相關解法，編制了制動器數值模擬分析程序；構建了制動器設計資料庫。
  4. The whole dissertation can be divided into 9 chapters, which are mainly engaged on the comparative theories of the common balance and the partial balance, and the methodology of the demonstration and criterion economics to do the analysis and res earch on the purpose of making relatively thorough and deep assessment on the policy - making and related improvement suggestions on such areas as the implement performance of the agriculture policies, the requirement structure of agriculture, the structure of employment, the basic elements and arrangement of agriculture production, the sustainable development of agriculture and the agriculture internationalization etc. the basic innovative points of the dissertation are as follows : ( 1 ) to establish a systematic framework for the research on the policies of agriculture industry and the structure of agriculture industry ; the framework for grand agriculture industry structure ; the framework of subject relationship in the agriculture socialized service system ; the circulation framework of sustainable development for agriculture ; the model framework for corporation development for agriculture institution ; ( 2 ) to expand the external scope of the concept of agriculture ; ( 3 ) to put forward the ideas of the corporation orientation by restructuring and innovating the present agriculture operational institution ; ( 4 ) to raise the viewpoints to set up the quality standard system for agriculture produce and to initiate the same system of the internal and external trade ; ( 5 ) to offer the suggestions on guiding the development of the township and private enterprises through the industry policies ; ( 6 ) to raise the innovative viewpoint by way of the systematic analysis on agriculture and the employment structure of the countryside, the district arrangement, technological innovation and the marketing system of agriculture produce ; ( 7 ) to put forward the comprehensive thinking way to broaden the logistics services for agriculture produce ; ( 8 ) to raise the new idea of the agriculture supporting system and the policy suggestions on expanding the areas for the government to support agriculture industry, reorganization of agriculture insurance system and aid to the weak masses of the countryside

    本課題是在國家農業產業政策不斷完善和產業經濟學科科學發展的背景下，從農業產業政策的實踐出發，從大農業產業結構、組織、技術、資金、勞動力、土地等資源配置以及區域布局、國內外關聯等角度，以農業產業政策與農業發展的互動關系為切入點，提出了農業產業政策調整取向，初步形成和發展了政策理論。全文共分9章，主要運用一般均衡和局部均衡比較等理論，實證、規范經濟學研究等方法進行探討，對農業產業政策實施績效、農村需求結構、就業結構、農業生產要素和布局、農業可持續發展、農業國際化等命題以及對策建議作了比較全面深入的評析。本課題研究主要有以下創新觀點：初步搭建了農業產業政策和結構理論框架，設計了政策和結構體系圖；延伸了「農業」概念外延，提出了「大農業」的構想；提出了農業產業經營組織再造和創新的公司化發展方向，設置了農業產業化、公司化發展模式圖和產業化公司模型圖；設計了農業可持續發展良性循環圖和農業資金投入效益模型圖；提出了建立農產品質量標準體系、推行內外貿一體制的觀點；建立了農業保障體系參照圖，建議通過產業政策引導鄉鎮、私營企業和「三資」企業發展；剖析農村勞動力就業結構、區域布局、科技創新、農產品市場體系；提出了加大農產品物流配送的整體思路；提出了農業支撐體系新觀念及擴大政府支農范圍、重構農業保險體系、扶持弱勢群體的政策建議。
  5. It ' s the first time clearly and systematically to present the concepts of restraint influence coefficient of steel to strain increment, to curvature increment and to deflection increment due to creep which are different each other. theoretical formulae are established, and approximate formulae are also obtained while considering the characteristics of common - used concrete and ambient condition of real bridges in china. so, an approximate restraint influence coefficient method to analyze the effect due to creep and shrinkage in pc bridges is put forward, and the equations to estimate second - force due to creep considering influence of steel in system - transferred continuous pc bridges is also established

    本文首次清晰而系統地提出了鋼筋對徐變的不同效應（徐變應變、徐變曲率、徐變上拱）約束影響系數的概念，建立了相應的計算式；結合我國普遍採用的混凝土的徐變特性和橋梁的構造特點及工作中南大學博士學位論文摘要環境特徵，給出了具有較高計算精度的實用計算式;在此基礎上，建立了橋梁徐變效應近似分析的鋼筋約束影響系數法，並推導出了考慮鋼筋影響的超靜定梁徐變次內力的近似計算式，可方便地應用於橋梁研究和設計中。
  6. The authors also discussed some important issues related to applying participatory methods in practice, such as how to reduce the costs, how to flexibly use the participatory tools in order to enable villagers " effective participation ; how to avoid the bias in decision - making ; how to develop the indicators for follow - up monitoring and evaluation ( m & e ), etc. issues, such as how to involve vulnerable groups ; how to simplify the methods ; how to apply participatory planning in large areas and how to sensitize the gender difference in the practice, have been also discussed in the paper

    在總結方法的基礎上，筆者也系統討論了推廣參與式扶貧發展規劃方法面臨的幾個問題： （ 1 ）如何降低前期運行費用； （ 2 ）如何簡化參與式方法和工具，保證工作效率； （ 3 ）如何克服農戶參與式規劃中的決策偏差； （ 4 ）如何採用參與式方法設計項目監測指標等。為把參與式規劃方法全面推廣應用於村級扶貧發展規劃，作者也提出對策建議，同時提出了需研究的問題： （ 1 ）如何為社區脆弱群體創造參與發展規劃的機會； （ 2 ）如何在實踐中完善參與式工具； （ 3 ）參與式方法的全面推廣問題； （ 4 ）如何在參與式規劃中考慮性別問題等。
  7. The second chapter reveals the mathematical essence of entropy regularization method for the finite min - max problem, through exploring the relationship between entropy regularization method and exponential penalty function method. the third chapter extends maximum entropy method to a general inequality constrained optimization problem and establishes the lagrangian regularization approach. the fourth chapter presents a unified framework for constructing penalty functions by virtue of the lagrangian regularization approach, and illustrates it by some specific penalty and barrier function examples

    第一章為緒論，簡單描述了熵正則化方法與罰函數法的研究現狀；第二章，針對有限極大極小問題，通過研究熵正則化方法與指數（乘子）罰函數方法之間的關系，揭示熵正則方法的數學本質；第三章將極大熵方法推廣到一般不等式約束優化問題上，建立了拉格朗日正則化方法；第四章利用第三章建立的拉格朗日正則化方法，給出一種構造罰函數的統一框架，並通過具體的罰和障礙函數例子加以說明。
  8. In the last part, the situation of the application of ec is outlined, and the facts that impeded the development of ec are presented : the imbalance of supply and demand with regard to the infrastructure of network, the lackey of confidence of consumer and firms on ec because of the lackey of credit in economy life, and the difficulties of how to adapt to and protect the new product style of ec by state legal system. we pointed out that, several aspects, such as fiscal tax revenue, law and enactments, the safety of information, admission of market, the perspectives of information, and technolocrats, will persistently impeded the development of ec. in china, the application of ec should be dominated by firms and conducted by government, which should as soon as possible enact the relative law regarding to taxation, electronic paying, digital signature, certification authority, intellectual property on web, etc. the national physical distribution system, the financial monitory system, the system of credit of firms as well as consumers should be completed

    在最後一個部分，文章簡述了我國電子商務應用的現狀，用博弈論方法分析了制約我國電子商務應用發展的幾個主要原因:網路基礎設施的供需失衡、經濟生活中的信用意識缺乏導致的消費者和企業對電子商務應用中的普遍的不信任及國家法律制度如何適應和保護電子商務這種新的生產方式等，並指出，財政稅收、法律法規、信息安全、市場準入、信息觀念、技術人才等幾個方面的問題將是長期阻礙電子商務發展的因素，電子商務在我國的應用要走企業為主體、政府引導的路子，政府應盡快制定有關稅收、電子支付、電子簽名、身份認證、網上知識產權等方面的法律法規，建立覆蓋全國的現代化物流配送體系，健全和完善金融監管體系，特別是企業信用體系和消費者信用體系的建設，大力推進企業信息化建設，創造發展環境，完善保障機制，加快人才培養。
  9. More specifically, the research provides an appropriate framework of entities among which causal relations are to hold ; it also develops a theoretical framework of event causation, under which the structures and elements of causal relations holding among these ontological entities can be described ; it gives a general representation tool for event causation supported by the ontological and theoretical frameworks, under which causal relations can be formalized as causal rules for practical reasoning, e. g., predictive reasoning, in which nonmonotonicity, as well as the other general properties and the nature of elements involved, can be captured ; it constructs computational frameworks for abstract causal reasoning models, such as causal prediction, causal explanation, and causal diagnosis ; and it finally extends and utilizes these abstract reasoning models to formalize causal knowledge in specific domains to develop practical causal reasoning systems for ai research, e. g., story understanding and legal reasoning. the research i s original from several aspects as follows : ( 1 ) the analysis of the internal structure of events provides a fundamental ontology for causal relations

    具體地說，此項研究在以下幾個方面做了工作：它對因果關系存在的實體給出了一個合適的框架；它建立了一個基於事件的因果關系的理論框架，在這個框架下因果關系的結構與因素能夠被合理描述；它提供了一個得到本體論與因果理論支持的基於事件的因果關系的一般表達方式，使因果關系能夠被形式化為在實際推理（例如預測推理）中應用的因果規則，並使因果關系的非單調性以及其它的一般性質得到體現；它構造了基於事件的因果關系的抽象推理模型，特別是因果預測、因果解釋和因果診斷；最後它把因果推理模型推廣應用到具體的領域以建立實際的ai系統，例如在故事理解和法律推理中的應用。
  10. So, the reformation of internal management mechanism based on incentive mechanism has become a chief mission faced chinese medium and small type private enterprises. being a kind of long - term incentive institution in western developed countries, stock option motivation has experienced nearly thirty - year ' s exploring, trying, correcting and perfecting, but in china, it starts just now, and it belongs to a new thing. because there are many obstacles and restrictions from domestic macro - environment, it is doubtless that we should make some improvements and innovations combined with our practical situations on the basis of consulting the foreign schemes in order to make our designed schemes owning feasibility and exerting its strong incentive force instead of citing directly or copying simply the foreign ready - made modes

    股票期權激勵作為一項優良的長期激勵制度在西方發達國家已經歷了近三十年的探索和發展，對這些國家的企業特別是高科技企業的高速健康發展起到了巨大的推動作用；而在我國才剛剛開始，而且由於我國宏觀環境的種種障礙，註定不能照搬國外現成的方案和做法，只能是在參考國外方案的基礎上結合我們自己的實際情況進行改造和創新，這樣才可以使構建出的股票期權激勵模式具有可行性，並發揮出其強烈的激勵效能。
  11. Asia - bridge software enterprise has to study and solve the problem at present. the essay focuses on the asia - bridge software staff floating and analyzing relevant reasons by questionnaire and interviewing face to face. the main reasons for brain drain in asia - bridge enterprise are unreasonable salary and wages system ; lack of fairness ; improper welfare system ; no chance for staff training and no efficient evaluation program etc. the article has demonstrated some new ideas and thoughts to solve those problems based on the analysis and accepted some advanced and typical experiences in home and aboard, such as individual salary and wages system ; self - service welfare plan and completed training system and form asia - bridge enterprise culture in order to solve the erosion of the qualified people in asia - bridge software enterprise

    本文首先對人員流動及其相關理論進行了研究；採取定性和定量分析相結合的方式，對亞橋軟體人員流失的現狀進行了充分分析；基於對亞橋軟體人員配置現狀與人員特徵的充分把握，以比較研究、調查問卷及面談法為主要手段，找出了造成亞橋軟體人員流失的主要原因，重點包括：薪資制度結構不合理、激勵性不強，福利制度適應性差、福利項目對于員工需求的針對性不強，員工培訓缺乏充分的培訓需求分析做基礎、培訓方式方法過分單一，不能科學合理的確定所需求人員的數量及關鍵素質，企業文化有待完善等等；本文以前述理論為指導，充分借鑒了國內外先進典型企業相關經驗，結合亞橋軟體自身問題與特點，制訂了諸如建立個性化薪資制度、推行自助餐式福利計劃、完善培訓體系及改進人員需求確定、培育適合的企業文化等對策，以解決亞橋軟體人員流失問題；本文還就解決亞橋軟體人員流失問題的配套措施進行了探索。
  12. The teaching research of our predecessors promoted the development of our education. today, while carrying on and criticizing the traditional teaching mode, we set up a new teaching mode, whose purpose is not a guarantee to cure all diseases, but to beak the old teaching ideas, pour vigor into the classroom teaching. thereby, he offers a few commonplace remarks by way of introduction so that others may come up with valuable opinions, arouse the teachers " enthusiasm, corpus and creativity to work hard in this field, implement the quality education overall, foster the students " creative spirit and prac

    教學有法，但無定法，前人的教育教學研究，推動了教育的大踏步發展，今天，我們在對傳統的教學模式進行批判繼承時，構建起一個新的教學模式，目的不是把它當作一個包治百病的處方，為的是打破陳舊的教學觀念，給僵化的課堂教學注入一絲活水，從而起到拋磚引玉的作用，把廣大思想政治課教師的教學積極性、主動性、創造性充分調動起來，在政治課教學這所百花園里辛勤耕耘，為全面貫徹實施素質教育，不斷培養學生的創新精神和實踐能力，促進學生個性發展，獲得終身學習能力，做出應有的貢獻
  13. After giving the reformation measurements, this paper discusses the relevant measurements with the reformation of construction price foundation and price pattern. the measurements includes changing the government function, establishing and promoting the rules of law, advancing the reformation of construction cost consultation industry and improving the people ' s making

    本文在提出工程計價依據與計價模式改革的具體措施之後，探討了與工程計價依據與計價模式的改革相關的相應改革的配套措施，主要包括：轉變政府職能，加強政府宏觀管理；加快建立健全法規制度；深入推進工程造價咨詢行業改革；努力提高造價從業人員素質。
  14. Chinese scholars started to study this much later, and the representative scholars are wang junhao, yu hui, xia dawei, xiao xingzhi and zhang xinzhu etc. governments usually adopt economic regulations to control natural monopoly industries, which means governments enact compulsive restrictions in price, production output, entry and exit etc. pareto standard can often be used to evaluate effect of the regulations from social benefit, production efficiency and trading cost

    特別是基於理論研究和實證分析，創造性地提出了「不對稱雙限資費規制模式」 ，該模式較以往提出的規制模式更加完善，更加適合中國國情，更加具有可操作性。本文還從制度、政策方面提出了加快電信立法進程、動態調整規制政策、建立系統配套政策、實施嚴格的規制審查和違規處罰以及推動規制機構組織調整等建議。
  15. It emphasize in the macro view that we should enhance the lawmaking, develop association about engineering cost management, and broaden the service field of the organization on engineering cost consultation etc. from the micro view, considering that the architecture ' s price may be totally formed by the market and it may connect with international tradition, we discussed how to ferry stream from quota price to bill - quantity price, how to ferry stream from government making - price to enterprise free making - price. also we discussed how to compile bill - of - quantity, how to determine price of bidding strategies of bidding and how to quote price under the bill - of - quantity model. study of a certain reasonable low price, problems and countermeasures of the lowest bid approach in making bid and inviting bid has been discussed too

    強調：宏觀上，工程造價管理要加強立法、加強工程造價管理協會的建設、拓寬工程造價咨詢機構的服務面等；微觀上，針對建築產品價格完全由市場形成及與國際慣例接軌的要求，討論在剛剛開始推行工程量清單計價模式下，如何使定額計價向工程量清單計價過渡，建築產品如何由政府定價向企業自主定價過渡，以及工程量清單編制、標底價格的確定、施工企業的投標報價；研究在工程招投標過程中， 「合理低價」的確定方法，無標底招標可能出現的問題及對策；最後提出費用組成及計價方式的改革，使得工程造價更符合工程的實際情況，更有利於企業間的競爭。
  16. Here, logic ca n ' t explain all forms, sometimes architectural forms are beyond explanations provided by logical reasoning of construction. but it ' s possible they can be allowed by another reasoning, and be existent

    邏輯無法解釋所有形式結果，建築的形式有時超出了建造邏輯推理所能提供的解釋，但似乎又存在於另一種合理性中。
  17. By analyzing and comparing with the comprise, pricing base pricing mode and reform course of the construction price of building and installation project both home and abroad, using the theory and method of the construction cost and market economy, this paper analyzes and dissertates how to confirm the construction cost on the planned economy period, the planned economy transiting to market economy period economy transiting to market economy period and the market economy period, and besides, proposes that it is the most reasonable method that determination of the construction cost should be market - oriented ; " controlling amount, loss up price, offering by enterprise ' s own and formed by market finally " is the best pricing mode for confirming the market - oriented construction cost, however, biding by electing the reasonable low - price to win the bid is the most effective means for realizing the pricing mode of market economy

    工程造價管理的改革是我國建設市場改革的瓶頸和切入點。建立市場經濟的計價模式，合理確定工程造價是工程造價管理改革的目標。本文通過對國內外建安工程造價的構成、計價依據、計價模式及其改革過程的比較分析，運用工程造價及市場經濟的理論和方法，對計劃經濟時期、計劃經濟向市場經濟過渡期、市場經濟時期如何合理確定工程造價進行了研究論述，提出了工程造價的確定實行市場化是最合理的方法， 「控制量，放開價，企業自主報價，最終由市場形成工程造價」是工程造價確定市場化的最佳計價模式，而推行合理低價中標法招標是實現市場經濟計價模式最有效的手段。
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