換向范圍 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [huànxiàngfànwéi]
換向范圍 英文
margin of commutation
  • 換 : 動詞1. （給人東西同時從他那裡取得別的東西） exchange; barter; trade 2. （變換; 更換） change 3. （兌換） exchange; cash
  • 范 : 名詞1 [書面語] （模子） pattern; mould; matrix 2 （模範; 榜樣） model; example 3 （范圍） boundar...
  • 圍 : Ⅰ動詞1 （四周攔擋起來 使裡外不通; 環繞） enclose; surround; corral 2 （繞; 裹） wrap Ⅱ名詞1 （四...
  • 范圍 : scope; limits; extent; boundary; confines; range; range dimension; spectrum
  1. The thermal visualizations of jet impingement cooling with single or double row holes inside semi - enclosed channel are measured by using infrared camera and then the impingement cooling heat transfer coefficients are deduced. the effects of flow and geometry parameters on convective heat coefficients are obtained. the results show that : for a single row normal impingement, the impingement cooling effectiveness is enhanced with the increase of impinging reynolds number or the decrease of hole space to diameter ratio, and the best effectiveness is achieved under the jet - to - surface spacing equals to 2 ; when the jet is oblique to the confined wall, the cooling effectiveness is weaken especially under the jet - to - surface spacing ratio is greater than 2 ; for double rows normal impingement cooling, the cooling effectiveness of rear row jet is weaker than the front row under lower impinging reynolds number or bigger jet - to - surface spacing

    對于單排垂直射流，沖擊冷卻效果隨射流雷諾數的增加、孔間距與直徑比的減小而得到提高，沖擊間距比為2時換熱效果最好;沖擊孔中心線向通道封閉一側傾斜后，射流沖擊冷卻的范圍變窄，當沖擊間距比大於2時駐點區的對流換熱能力明顯降低;對于雙排沖擊射流，孔排間距與直徑比的增加使沖擊冷卻范圍變大，但在兩排孔之間區域的對流換熱系數有所下降;在較小的沖擊射流雷諾數和較大的沖擊間距比下，後排射流的沖擊換熱效果要遜於前排射流。
  2. The soft switching, phase - shifted pwm and bi - directional dc - dc converter hang together, depress circuit switching loss and noise effectively, which provide condition to increase switch frequency, efficiency and reduce size and weight for the converter ; at the same time, it is proved the converter can achieve zvs in larger load variation, and the converter has the virtue of structure compact, voltage and current stress small such as ordinary hard switch converter

    該變換器把軟開關技術和相移控制pwm技術以及雙向dc - dc變換器技術有機結合在一起，有效地降低了電路的開關損耗和開關噪聲，為變換器裝置提高開關頻率、效率以及降低尺寸及重量提供了良好的條件;同時，能拓寬零電壓開關的范圍，使變換器在較寬的負載變化范圍內都能實現軟開關。
  3. Efficient to lose fat, adopt micro - computer technology to make the vibration strongly effect on the abdomen, which part with most fat of the body. inner - desighed strong motor effect on the organism directly. unique auto change direction mode, makes the full dimension vibration of the organism

    迴旋塑身腰帶運用微電腦技術，將強效振動裝置直接作用於脂肪最為集中的腹背部，內置的強有力的電動機直接作用於肌體，產品獨有的大幅度的水平移動自動變換方向運動模式，使肌體大范圍全方位共振，同時加快身體血液循環，微電腦控製程序可自動逐步增強產品運動力度，使用過程中自動轉換運動方向。
  4. In linux, all the segment registers point to the same range of segment addresses - in other words, each uses same set of linear addresses

    在linux中，所有的段寄存器都指向相同的段地址范圍換言之，每個段寄存器都使用相同的線性地址。
  5. It has feature of small volume, high loading capability, wide power range, low noise, high efficiency, flexible in alternating directions freely, etc

    它具有體積小承載能力大功率范圍廣噪聲低效率高，任意轉換方向等特點。
  6. In this paper, to counter a flexible beam undergoing large overall motion impacting a fixed slope surface under the effects of grativity, the normal contact model is established based on the hertz theory and non - linear damping term, the tangential contact model is developed by adopting linear tangential contact stiffness to consider the effects of friction force during impact process, and the consistent linear dynamic model including impact is derived by using mode assumption method and lagrangin equation

    針對在重力場下作大范圍回轉運動的柔性梁與一固定斜面發生斜碰撞的情況，根據hertz接觸理論和非線性阻尼項建立法向碰撞接觸模型。引入線性切線接觸剛度建立切向碰撞接觸模型，以考慮接觸過程中由於切向相對速度的換向作用引起的摩擦力的變化。利用假設模態法和lagrangian方程建立系統含碰撞過程的一致線性化的動力學模型。
  7. This system is set up on the existing search engine foundations through web services " technology, has solved variety and non - structural web data with xml technology, has formed web multi - level data base, and constructed the system structure in high performance of data warehouse, utilized midas technology to form the high - performance index storehouse structure, has remedied the deficiency of search engines at coverage, accuracy etc, and improved efficiency of information retrieval

    該系統通過webservices技術，建立在現有搜索引擎基礎之上，以xml技術解決了多樣性和非結構性的web數據轉換，形成了web多層次數據庫，利用了web挖掘面向結構化或半結構化數據的智能化數據抽取和知識發現過程，並且構造了數據倉庫的高性能查詢體系結構? hpqs ，利用midas技術形成了高性能索引庫結構，彌補了當前搜索引擎在覆蓋范圍、準確率、復雜查詢語言的使用和結果表現方式等方面的不足，改善了信息檢索的效率。
  8. Firstly, gravel piles in soil were laid for compacting and consolidating soil, then gravel composite foundation was treated with dynamic compaction in order to form three - level soil that is gravel composite soil and high replacement ratio composite foundation and dense composite foundation

    該法先在填土層中設置好碎石樁體，利用擠密和排水固結的作用使其得到初步加固，然後對荷載影響深度范圍內的復合土體進行低能強夯處理，迫使樁體碎石沿徑向擴散，形成上部為密實的碎石二合土層、中部為擴徑后高置換率復合地基、下部為整體夯密復合地基的三層結構。
  9. In chapter 3, we studied the effect of gaussian transverse profile for the driving and laser fields on lasing without population inversion ( lwi ) in a closed v - type system and an open v - type system. moreover, we discussed also the effect of the unsaturated gain coefficient, the cavity - damping rate, the ratio of the atomic injection rates and atomic exit rate on the corresponding systems. in chapter 4, we mainly discussed the effect of doppler broadening on the gain, dispersion and the frequency up - conversion of the open v - type lwi system and compared the differences and the same between the open system and the corresponding closed system

    發現： （ 1 ）在考慮doppler展寬的情況下，通過選取合適的實驗室條件（比如合適的原子環境溫度等）可得到合適doppler展寬值，從而使系統獲得最佳增益； （ 2 ）要想實現系統的頻率上轉換，同時又要獲得足夠強的無反轉激光增益，則系統頻率轉換比不能選取的太大； （ 3 ）對于開放系統，比較小的粒子注入速率比與退出速率對產生無反轉激光是有利碩士學位論文摘要的： （ 4 ）由於dopp1oy展寬的存在，當探測場與驅動場的傳播方向相反時，增益在探測場失諧的某一段區域產生振蕩，且振蕩的振幅、頻率失諧范圍的大小與dopper展寬的取值有關。
  10. The frequency analysis results show conclusions as follows : 1. the relative valid spectral power is declined with the volume percentage of inclusions in terms of exponent curve and the tendency of negative direction is same to that of forward direction

    當ly12鋁合金細小夾雜物（小於0 . 16mm ）的體積百分數從0 0 . 35時，在35 50mhz的頻帶范圍內，超聲波形的有效譜功率按近似指數曲線快速下降，沿相反方向檢測時其變換趨勢相同。
  11. This paper gave the following conclusions ? ational curriculum standards are necessary and important for keeping the quality and level of curriculums and instructions in national wide ; national curriculum standards should face the whole country and possess the quality for generalization, and meanwhile, it should allow the multiplicity and flexibility in order to have the certain function and practical significance ; national curriculum standards should have the core framework or the themes which has the quality for instruction and manipulation ; during the development of the standards, it is important to make cooperation with the government educational department, professional groups, teachers, etc. in order to improve the quality of the standards and their acceptance of the standards ; the implementation of national curriculum standards is an up - down transition and the effective interactions among all the stages are very important

    本文認為國家課程標準對于在全國范圍內維持課程與教學的水平和質量是必要的和重要的；國家課程標準必須面向全國，具有可以普遍推廣或應用的性質或價值，同時又要允許多樣性與靈活性的存在，才能具有較為確定的作用和實踐意義；國家課程標準要有確定的核心框架或主題內容，要注意其指導性與可操作性；在國家課程標準研製中，要注意政府教育主管部門、專業團體、教師等的多方合作與協同努力，提高標準研製的質量與標準的認同程度；國家課程標準的應用過程，有一個自上而下的轉換過程，因此，各層面的工作的有效轉化與互動相當重要。
  12. The best performance of a given thermoelectric material can be obtained only in a very small temperature region. considering the fact that thermoelectric materials will work in a relative large temperature span when they are used in a thermoelectric generator, only a small section of the thermoelectric materials can work at the corresponding most favorable temperature

    不同的熱電材料在不同的溫度范圍內性能達到最佳值，因此，沿溫度梯度方向合理地按排不同的熱電材料，製成功能梯度或疊層結構材料，可充分利用各種材料的特長，提高熱電轉換效率。
  13. To determine whether certain activities are taxable, one has to consider the income tax rules rather than the functional role an representative office ( ro ) is to play within the organization as stated in the scope of its business

    1 、適用范圍常駐代表機構若發生下列情形，可以由常駐代表機構向所在地稅務機關提出申請，逐級報國家稅務總局批準，以其經費支出額換算收入額計算應納稅額。
  14. However, the traditional dc motor uses brush so as to switch the phases, so there are relative mechanical frictions. then it comes out many fatal failing, such as yawp, spark, wireless disturb, etc. what " s more, its making cost is high, its maintain is also difficult, therefore its application is greatly limited

    直流電動機具有運行效率高和調速性能好等諸多優點，但傳統的直流電動機均採用電刷，以機械方法換向，因而存在相對的機械摩擦，由此帶來了噪聲、火花、無線電干擾以及壽命短等致命弱點，再加上製造成本高及維修困難等缺點，從而大大地限制了它的應用范圍。
  15. From above analysis, the thesis gets conclusions as following : ( 1 ) the frequencies of multi - tower building are so dense and the coupling in each mode is so evident that the cqc method instead of srss should be used to calculate the seismic action effect ; ( 2 ) torsion effects is distinct between the modes of asymmetry multi - tower structure and it is necessary to take translation - torsion coupling into account ; ( 3 ) the effect of the enlarged base rigid on the seismic properties is very big, the rigid ratio of the enlarged base to towers in asymmetry multi - tower structure should be designed in a proper range ; ( 4 ) the distribution of plane rigid is asymmetry because of the asymmetry layout of towers. the torsion effects of structure not only result in large torsion internal force in vertical element resisting lateral displacement, but also make large influences on the stress of transfer plate and near floors, thus it is necessary to strengthen those floors

    通過上述分析，得出以下主要結論：多塔樓結構存在頻率密集現象，各振型間耦聯效應明顯，地震作用計算應採用cqc組合原則而不能簡單地採用srss組合原則；非對稱多塔結構的振型中，扭轉作用明顯，平扭耦聯效應值得考慮；裙樓剛度對整體結構的抗震性能影響很大，非對稱多塔結構宜控制裙樓與塔樓剛度比在適宜的范圍；非對稱多塔易導致平面剛度分佈不均勻，結構扭轉效應不僅在豎向抗側構件中引起較大的扭轉內力，對轉換層樓板應力有較大的影響，且延續至相鄰樓層，對相應樓層均應採取相應的加強措施。
  16. Secondly, we study the preprocessing part of system, a method of bidirectional multi - resolution motion estimation via radon transform is proposed, which can be used to estimate both pixel and subpixel motion vectors with robustly accurately and efficiently. bad frames elimination via the variances of lr frames in the sequence is preformed before the implementation of the super - resolution algorithm

    其次討論了超分辨預處理過程，提出了基於radon變換的雙方向多解析度運動估計方法，演算法可以穩健、精確的在較大范圍內實現亞象素運動估計;以圖像方差為標準，判斷序列圖像中個別幀損壞嚴重為「壞幀」 ，在超分辨重建之前預先去除。
  17. Abb ' s scope of delivery for the three gorges ? shanghai link includes two hvdc converter stations comprising 28 converter power transformers and six smoothing reactors, switchgear and advanced control equipment

    Abb向三峽上海輸電路線交付的范圍包括兩個hvdc換流站，這兩個換流站由28個換流變壓器、 6個濾波反應器、開關櫃以及高級控制設備構成。
  18. The main work of the thesis is as follows : we design a novel omni - mirror more applicable in robocup, which is made up of an isomeric horizontal mirror and an isomeric vertical mirror and can make the resolution of the imaging of the objects near the robot on the field constant and make the distortion of the imaging of the objects far from the robot small in vertical direction ; we select a 1394 digital color camera and complete the development of its software program for data acquisition ; we design a image processing algorithm for the panoramic image, which can segment the image by color, extract the features of image fast and effectively and complete the recognization of target ; according the character of the imaging, we design a new fast hough transform algorithm for line detection, which can detect the white mark lines of the field realtimely, and then design a robot ’ s self - localization method based the mark lines, which only uses the information of omni - vision system ; finally we design a monte carlo localization method based on the information of omni - vision system and odometry, and present the localization results of two localization methods and analyze the experiment results and get the conclusions

    本論文的主要工作如下:設計了一種新的更適用於機器人足球賽的全向反射鏡面，該鏡面由水平等比鏡面和垂直等比鏡面組合而成，能夠使機器人近處一定范圍內水平場地上的物體成像解析度不變，遠處物體成像高度上變形較小;選擇了一款基於1394介面的數字攝像機，並完成其數據採集程序開發;針對全景圖像設計了圖像處理演算法，能夠快速有效的實現圖像顏色分割和圖像特徵提取，完成目標識別;根據全景圖像的成像特性，設計了一種新的用於直線檢測的快速hough變換演算法，能夠實時的提取出場地的白色標志線，並在此基礎上設計了完全利用全向視覺信息的基於標志線的機器人自定位方法;最後設計了一種基於全向視覺信息和里程計信息的montecarlo定位方法，給出兩種方法的定位結果，並分析實驗結果，給出結論。
  19. The first one is founded on traditional dual - slope conversion while considering the non - ideal effects such as settling time to extend the measurable range below 0. 5ns

    第一種是根據傳統的雙斜率轉換並同時考量安定時間等非理想因素而將可測范圍向下延伸至0 . 5奈秒。
  20. According to the relationship between the local modulus maxima of wavelet coefficients and the local singularity, and the multiresolution analysis of wavelet transformation, the blocklines is flagged. then using the method of binary image processing and mathematical morphology to get the complete blocklines, and to construct the binary control mask. the control mask identifies valid and invalid discrete phase distribution, and remains the errors of phase unwrapping within the local confines successfully

    針對直接標記截斷線的困難，利用小波變換系數的模極大值與局部奇異性的關系，通過檢測多尺度小波變換系數模極大值的位置來標記截斷線的基本走向，進而採用二值數學形態學處理方法形成完整的截斷線，構成標記出極點與截斷線等易產生錯誤的區域的二元模板來，將位相展開的錯誤限制在局部范圍。
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