損益之部 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [sǔnyìzhībù]
損益之部 英文
profit and loss section
  • 損 : Ⅰ動詞1 （減少） decrease; lose 2 （損害） harm; damage 3 [方言] （用尖刻的話挖苦人） speak sarcas...
  • 益 : Ⅰ名詞1 （好處） benefit; profit; advantage 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（有益的） beneficialⅢ動詞...
  • 部 : Ⅰ名詞1 （部分; 部位） part; section; division; region 2 （部門; 機關或組織單位的名稱） unit; mini...
  • 損益 : 1. （減少和增加） increase and decrease 2. （賠和賺） profit and loss; gains and losses
  1. There are many mechanics can be used, such as the preference share, the redeemable preference share, convertible preference share, the income bond, the anti - dilution clause, the protection against dilution, mandatory dividend, convertible preference bond, participating preference share, etc. however, in the contract freedom, some stakeholders, such as creditors, minority shareholders, suffer from significant information imperfections and negative externalities

    原因在於，當公司向股東分配股票，包括股票股利、資本公積金轉增股本時，不會導致財產流出公司，不會減少對優先股股東和債權人的擔保財產，通常不會損害優先股股東和債權人利益，不會對優先股股東和債權人產生負的外部性。克服負外部性的機制之一是，通過程序強制，為第三方參加締約創造機會。
  2. The methods restricting damages imposed on the party in breach mainly are : the rule of foreseeability, the rule of balancing out increase and decrease, the rule of contributory negligence, and the rule of mitigation of damage

    但是，並不是合同相對人事實上蒙受的全部損害都能得到賠償，換言之，違約方的損害賠償是受到限定的。違約方損害賠償的限定規則主要有：可預見性規則、損益相抵規則、過失相抵規則、減損規則。
  3. The rule of balancing out increase and decrease, being available in both abstract and concrete damages for breach of contract, is applied when the following are satisfied, ( 1 ) there stands a debt of damage for breach of contract, ( 2 ) the aggrieved party gains some profits, and ( 3 ) there is cause and effect relationship between breach of contract and the profits

    損益相抵規則、過失相抵規則、減損規則，是違約方損害賠償的重要的限定規則，對這三種限定規則，這一部分主要論述了其內涵、適用條件。損益相抵規則的適用條件有三，一是違約損害賠償之債已經成立，二是受害方受有利益，三是違約行為和利益之間具有因果關系；損益相抵專屬于損害賠償問題，在抽象損害賠償和具體損害賠償中都有其適用。
  4. The net after - tax gain from disposal of a department and the operating revenues or losses from the authorized business cessation date to the disposal completion date

    凡企業處分某一營業部門時，其自核準停業日起至完成處分日止之該部門處分期間營業損益及直接處分損益稅后凈額皆屬之。
  5. This is to guarantee that all green products sold to the following customer under the captioned contract are free from maunufactuing defects, under normal use and care, over the specified wrranty period. should such a defect do occur, we will undertake the necessary remedial actions to rectify the specific defect ( s ) attributable to a manufacturing fault, either by means of repairing or free replacement of the defective component ( s )

    此優質保證書乃（格潤）對我們顧客的承諾.我們保證所有（格潤）產品，根據以下銷售合約，售賣給下列客戶于正常使用情況下，均超卓耐用，在優質保質期內，產品如有任何生產性的損壞，本公司將負責採取必要之補救措施，包括維修或更換原廠產品的結構性損毀部分，以維護顧客之消費權益
  6. By researching, the major innovations of this paper are : ( 1 ) analysises the assets and liabilities table and the loss and gain table of life insurance companies in china from 1998 to 2001 in detail, comprehensively reflects the structure of assets and liabilites in the life insurance companies even in the whole life insurance industry of our country during the recent years ; ( 2 ) on the aspect of assets management, our country should reduce the proportion of monetory assets, improve the proportion of investment assets and establish the scientific investment management system, and suitably lower the proporty of the fixed assets on the premise of guaranteeing the operation ; ( 3 ) on the aspect of management of matching assets and liabilities, the life insurance company of our country should reduce the sales of the policies of prearranged high insuranc rate, develop the new type of life insurance products and match each policy with prearranged high interest rate with high interest rate investment correspondingly ; ( 4 ) as refering to the index system of assets and liabilities management of the commercial banks in our country, it has explored that of the life insura

    第三部分從壽險公司的資產管理、負債管理、資產負債匹配管理及資產負債匹配管理評價指標四個方面進行了分析和研究。本文的主要創新之處是： （ 1 ）將自1998年至2001年國內所有壽險公司的資產負債表和損益表進行了詳細的分析，比較全面地反映了我國近年來各壽險公司及整個壽險業資產負債的結構狀況； （ 2 ）在資產管理方面，我國應適當降低貨幣類資產的比例、提高投資類資產的比例並建立科學的投資管理體系、保證經營的前提下適當降低固定資產的比例、盡量減少佔用類資產的比例等； （ 3 ）在資產負債匹配管理方面，我國壽險公司應盡量減少高預定利率保單的銷售、發展新型壽險產品，每銷售一批較高預定利率的保單就應選擇相應高利率的投資與之對應匹配； （ 4 ）借鑒我國商業銀行資產負債管理的指標體系，探討了壽險公司資產負債匹配管理的指標體系。
  7. But with the managing right shifting to the manager, the following possibility increases : the manager may use his rights and information advantage to take immoral measures to erode the interest of the shareholders

    但是，職業經理人掌握了公司經營控制權後有可能利用其職權和信息優勢採取機會主義行為損害所有者的利益。經理人對所有者利益的侵佔行為被稱之為內部人控制問題。
  8. The focus of the thesis lies in an elaboration of the influences exerted upon a listed company ' s profit return by the monopolist position the state - owned shares occupy, by the degree to which share - right is concentrated, and by the division of non - negotiable shares and negotiable shares, as well as of the positive promotion to the company ' s profit return by the system of executives buying - back shares and employees " share - ownership. based on theoretical analysis and case study, the thesis proposes some measures for optimizing the share - right composition and enhancing the profit return of the listed companies. the conclusion can be summed up as follows : ( 1 ) owing to the absence of real trustor, the unduly long, hence low, efficiency of the agency chain, state - owned shares are prone to being controlled by insiders and to the problem of share - holders " interests being embezzled by insiders

    基本的分析結論可以概括為如下幾點： （一）國有股由於真正的委託人缺位，代理鏈條過長，代理效率低下，容易產生內部人控制，並發生內部人侵佔股東利益的問題，法人股在公司治理中的效率明顯優于國有股，因此，如何完善國有資產管理體制是優化股權結構的關鍵，本文提出了完善國有資產管理體制的具體建議； （二）在非流通股與流通股並存的股權分割下，非流通股股東與流通股股東具有不同的目標函數，非流通股股東的目標函數是提高每股凈資產，而流通股的目標函數是股票的二級市場價格，目標函數的不一致，導致股東之間行為的不一致，相互沖突的行為造成效率的損失。
  9. These include not only the protection of the rights and interests of intellectual property obligee, but the more important one is to reinforce the recognition of macao residents regarding the protection of intellectual property rights, which will attract more foreign investments as a result. in fact, the government has made great effort in recent years to strike at intellectual property torts by means of criminal prosecutions and administrative means which are effective ways to lessen those torts. however, under the current laws of intellectual property rights, there is no specific article concerning the indemnification system of intellectual property torts, and it only relies on civil laws as a supplement to the current intellectual property laws

    澳門地區作為世界貿易組織中心之成員，有責任履行相應義務，當中不僅加強力度維護和保障知識產權人之權利和利益，更重要是將澳門地區保護知識產權之水平提高，藉此吸引更多的外來投資者；事實上，近年來政府各部門已著力打擊侵犯知識產權的行為，尤其在刑事打擊和行政手段保障兩個方面，已使知識產權侵害行為有所收斂，但是，在澳門現行知識產權法例中，並沒有專章列節規范知識產權侵權損害賠償之制度，為此，根據民法作為補充制度原則，有關侵權行為之機制是否可以完全適用，值得研究和探討。
  10. Where the insurer pays for a total loss, either of the whole, or in the case of goods of any apportionable part, of the subject - matter insured, he thereupon becomes entitled to take over the interest of the assured in whatever may remain of the subject - matter so paid for, and he is thereby subrogated to all the fights and remedies of the assured in and in respect of that subject - matter as from the time of the casualty

    保險人賠付保險標的全損之後，不論賠付的是整體全損，還是貨物的可分割部分的全損，均有權接管被保險人在該已賠付保險標的上可能留下的任何利益，並從造成保險標的損失的事故發生之時起，取得被保險人在該保險標的上的一切權利和救濟。
  11. For long - haul high bit rate trunk line optical fiber communication system and metro optical fiber network, a semiconductor optical amplifier ( soa ) is the most promising component due to its all kinds of properties and small dimension, compactiveness, low drive voltage, such as in optical network solutions, polarization - insensitive semiconductor optical amplifier ( pisoa ) is a popular candidate as optical gates. but the polarization - insensitivity over large wavelength range is requested. the purpose of this thesis is to develop a soa which is polarization - insensitive and has large 3db bandwidth

    隨著寬帶傳輸和寬帶接入以及全光網的組建和發展，大帶寬偏振不靈敏半導體光放大器（ semiconductoropticalamplifier ， soa ）由於其易於與其它器件集成，體積小，具有快的動態增益響應，非線性好，飽和輸出大，可實現無損操作等特點，在光通信網路中，成為光纖通信發展，全光網組建以及wdm 、 tdm技術成熟的關鍵部件之一，其中偏振不靈敏和大的3db帶寬是性能優良soa的重要指標，也是制備的技術難點。
  12. Such written consent shall be filed with the minutes of the board of directors proceedings and shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the directors present at a meeting of the board

    違反本條款將給雙方造成嚴重的不能挽回的不可估量的損失，所以雙方同意違約方賠償對方損失費，其金額為該違約合同的全部總收益的百分之百
  13. Party a will guarantee the lease right of the premises. in case of occurrence of ownership transfer in whole or in part and other accidents affecting the right of lease by party b, . party a shall quarantce that the new owner, and other associated, third parties shall be bound by the terms of this contract. otherwise, party a will be responsible to compensate party b ' s losses

    甲方應確保出租的房屋享有出租的權利，如租賃期內該房屋發生所有權全部或部分轉移、設定他項物權或其他影響乙方權益的事件，甲方應保證所有權人、他項權利人或其他影響乙方權益的第三者能繼續遵守本合同所有條款，反之如乙方權益因此遭受損害，甲方應負賠償責任。
  14. Because our legal system belong to the common law, but anticipatory breach is the characteristic of english - american law, can anticipatory breach solve the problems in common law ? when the anticipatory breach is introduced, are there conflicts in the institution ? how to improve the anticipatory breach with these projblems with some faults and shortcomings ? this paper inquires these things in three parts. starting bread with the two outside forms of the auticipatory and the two outside forms of the auticipatory non - permermance, the first part of the passage inquires the value and the orcial base of the anticipatory breach by surveyingjit ' s origination and changing process under the origination and changing process under the special historical background. by comparing the anticipatory breach with counterargument right for security, the second part states a viewpoint that the former is superior is superior to the latter in protection parties " lawful rights though there are many similarities and differences between them. from this, we can come to a comclusion that the counterargument right for security is no substition for conticipetory breach and that the former should be part of the latter. the third party gives a detailed explanation of anticipatory breach in english ? american law systems in chinese system of anticipatory breach. finally, the anther makes some important suggestion : first, the subject of counterargument right for security should be attend to either party of the contract

    其價值在於使受害方能提前獲得法律上的救濟，防止其蒙受本來可以避免的損失。第二部分筆者通過對預期違約與不安抗辯權的比較研究，對我國《合同法》應如何處理、協調來自不同法系的這兩項並不完全相同的法律制度的關系提出了自己的觀點。筆者認為不安抗辯權是通過對合同利益期待權的保護，實現法律「公平」和「安全」的價值，而預期違約除標示上述價值目標外，更是法律對「效率違約」這一經濟理論的認可，顯示了法律對「效益」這一價值目標的追求，從而提出預期違約與不安杭辮權二者制度功能相似而制度構造不同，預期違約制度較之不安杭辮權更有利於保護當事人的合法權益，由此得出我國《合同法》中不安抗辮權不僅不能替代預期違約，而是預期違約應該吸納不安抗辮權的結論
  15. Article 20 where a foreign investor ' s merger of a domestic enterprise is under any of the circumstances mentioned in article 19 of the present provisions, and the moftec and the state administration for industry and commerce consider that the merger may cause excessive market centralization, hinder fair competition, or damage the consumers ' benefits, they shall, within 90 days as of the receipt of all the documents submitted, either solely through negotiation or jointly, convene the relevant departments, institutions, enterprises and other interested parties and hold a hearing, and shall decide on whether to grant the approval in accordance with the law

    第20條外國投資者並購境內企業涉及本規定第19條所述情形之一，外經貿部和國家工商行政管理總局認為可能造成過度集中，妨害正當競爭、損害消費者利益的，應自收到規定報送的全部文件之日起90日內，共同或經協商單獨召集有關部門、機構、企業以及其他利害關系方舉行聽證會，並依法決定批準或不批準。
  16. And today, corporation is the most common form of business enterprises. however, due to the conflict of interests between the owners and the mangers, and due to the problem of information asymmetry, the resulting so called " moral risk " and " converse choice " inevitably hampers the interests of shareholders. hence it is critical to establish effective internal control mechanism to ensure that managers behave to maximize the benefit of owners, to consummate internal control, to prevent embezzlement and to ensure mutual benefit of the shareholder and the operator

    但由於所有者和經營者在利益方面的不一致，加之信息不對稱，容易導致代理人出現「道德風險」或「逆向選擇」而損害委託人的利益，這樣在客觀上需要企業內部建立一種有效的內部控制機制來實現股東財富最大化的目標，而完善內部控制、防範舞弊、保障所有者和經營者的利益就成為企業經營管理中一件至關重要的事情。
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