擬染色體 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [nǐrǎnshǎitǐ]
擬染色體 英文
chromatoid bodies
  • 擬 : 動詞1. （設計; 起草） draw up; draft 2. （打算; 想要） intend; plan 3. （模仿） imitate
  • 染 : Ⅰ動詞1 （用染料著色）dye 2 （感染） catch [contract] （a disease） 3 （沾染） acquire （a bad hab...
  • 色 : 色名詞[口語] （顏色） colour
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 染色體 : [生物學] chromosome染色體疾病 chromosomal disorders; 染色體異常 chromosome abnormality
  • 染色 : dye; dyeing; colouration; tintage; tinging; dyschroia; colouring; colour; [半] decoration染色不足...
  1. In this experiment, seedlings of arabidopsis thaliana ( col ) were observed after being treated by verlicillium dahliae ( vd - toxin ), exogenous salicylic acid ( sa ), nitric oxide donor ( snp ) and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ( nna ), then we investigated the changes of endogenous h2o2 content, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase ( cat, ec : 1. 11. 1. 6 ) and ascorbate peroxidase ( apx, ec : 1. 11. 1. 11 ) and mrna levels of cat3 in different stress conditions, we also identified the localizations of h2o2 and no accumulated in the leaves of arabidopsis

    本實驗研究了棉花黃萎病菌?大麗輪枝菌毒素（ vd - toxin ）與擬南芥幼苗互作反應中外源sa 、 no供體snp 、 no合酶抑制劑nna等不同處理對擬南芥幼苗h _ 2o _ 2含量、 cat和apx活性及cat基因mrna表達量的影響，並對no 、 h _ 2o _ 2的積累部位進行染色檢測。
  2. As the cells differentiate from spermatogonium to spermatids, the number and size of cb gradually reduce and shrink

    隨著細胞分化，擬染色質小體逐漸減少直至消失，推測擬染色質小體主要成分為核糖體。
  3. During the stages of primary and secondary spermatogonium, components of the nucleolus, called chromatoid bodies ( cb ), are excluded from the nucleus

    精原細胞階段，部分核仁物質外排，成為擬染色質小體，其上聚集一群線粒體，構成「線粒體區」 。
  4. In this study a microbial system for biphenyl biodegradation is set up in order to investigate the effects of surfactants on biodegradation of hydrophobic organic compounds. four strains which can grow on biphenyl as the sole carbon and energy sources are selected out, in which alcaligenes eutrophus dj1 and pseudomonas sms02 are chosen as degradation strains. after studing the bioavailability of three nonionic surfactants ( op - 10, tween - 80, and triton x - 100 ), they are added into the biodegradation system of biphenyl

    為了考察表面活性劑對疏水性有機污染物生物降解的影響，本論文選擇聯苯作為模擬研究體系，篩選、馴化得到四株可利用聯苯作為碳源生長的菌株；考察了聯苯降解菌株對三種非離子表面活性劑op - 10 、 tween - 80 、 tritonx - 100的生物可利用性；用高效液相色譜法測定了非離子表面活性劑對聯苯的增溶曲線；較系統地研究了加入非離子表面活性劑對聯苯生物降解速率的影響。
  5. A method of fuzzy optimization design based on genetic algorithm is presented as a new method of parameter optimization design for dc double closed loop speed adjusting system. the method covers three steps. firstly, speed overshoot rate and settling time are chosen as performance indice according to the demand of engineering. these indice are normalized by using fuzzy membership function and then weighted to form objective function of optimization model of the system. secondly, the dynamic response curve of the system with corresponding parameters and peoformance indice are obtained by computerized numerical calculation and simulation. finally, parameters of engineering design are expanded as searching space ; and parameters of speed regulator and current regulator are taken as genes in chromosome. these genes in searching space are optimized to get best solution by way of genetic algorithm. as shown by experimental results, the parameters designed by this method are capable of significantly improving performance indice of the system, which proves that it is a practical and effective method

    提出一種基於遺傳演算法的直流雙閉環調速系統參數優化設計方法.根據工程技術的要求，選用速度超調量和過渡時間作為參數優化性能指標.將該指標用模糊隸屬度函數歸一化，再加權平均形成系統優化模型的目標函數.採用計算機數值計算方法，通過模擬獲得系統對應參數的動態響應曲線及其性能指標.最後以工程設計的參數為搜索范圍，以速度調節器和電流調節器的參數為染色體中的基因，通過遺傳演算法在搜索范圍中優化這些基因，獲得優化解.實驗結果表明，所設計的參數能使系統性能指標有顯著提高
  6. Pseudoallele a mutation in a gene that produces an effect similar to another mutation at a different site in the same gene locus

    擬等位基因：指表型效應上相似，功能密切相關，在染色體上緊密鄰接的基因。
  7. No person shall add any water or colouring matter, or any dried or condensed milk or liquid reconstituted therefrom, to milk intended for sale for human consumption

    任何人不得在擬出售供人飲用的奶類中，添加水分或染色料奶粉或煉奶，或以奶粉或煉奶再造而成的液體。
  8. The characteristics of quantum computing and the mechanism of immune evolution are analyzed and discussed. inspired by the mechanism in which immune cell can gradually accomplish affinity maturation during the self - evolution process, a immune evolutionary algorithm based on quantum computing ( mqea ) is proposed. the algorithm can find out optimal solution by the mechanism in which antibody can be clone selected, memory cells can be produced, similar antibodies can be suppressed and immune cell can be expressed as quantum bit ( q - bit ). it not only can maintain quite nicely the population diversity than the classical evolutionary algorithm, but also can help to accelerate the convergence speed and converge to the global optimal solution rapidly. the convergence of the mqea is proved and its superiority is shown by some simulation experiments in this paper

    分析和探討了量子計算的特點及免疫進化機制，並結合免疫系統的動力學模型和免疫細胞在自我進化中的親和度成熟機理，提出了一種基於量子計算的免疫進化演算法.該演算法使用量子比特表達染色體，通過免疫克隆、記憶細胞產生和抗體相似性抑制等進化機制可最終找出最優解，它比傳統的量子進化演算法具有更好的種群多樣性、更快的收斂速度和全局尋優能力.在此不僅從理論上證明了該演算法的收斂，而且通過模擬實驗表明了該演算法的優越性
  9. Abstract : the characteristics of quantum computing and the mechanism of immune evolution are analyzed and discussed. inspired by the mechanism in which immune cell can gradually accomplish affinity maturation during the self - evolution process, a immune evolutionary algorithm based on quantum computing ( mqea ) is proposed. the algorithm can find out optimal solution by the mechanism in which antibody can be clone selected, memory cells can be produced, similar antibodies can be suppressed and immune cell can be expressed as quantum bit ( q - bit ). it not only can maintain quite nicely the population diversity than the classical evolutionary algorithm, but also can help to accelerate the convergence speed and converge to the global optimal solution rapidly. the convergence of the mqea is proved and its superiority is shown by some simulation experiments in this paper

    文摘:分析和探討了量子計算的特點及免疫進化機制，並結合免疫系統的動力學模型和免疫細胞在自我進化中的親和度成熟機理，提出了一種基於量子計算的免疫進化演算法.該演算法使用量子比特表達染色體，通過免疫克隆、記憶細胞產生和抗體相似性抑制等進化機制可最終找出最優解，它比傳統的量子進化演算法具有更好的種群多樣性、更快的收斂速度和全局尋優能力.在此不僅從理論上證明了該演算法的收斂，而且通過模擬實驗表明了該演算法的優越性
  10. This paper proposes the array chain chromosome coding and the adaptive ga ( aga ) that combines the self - adaptive mutation probability and simulation anneal punishment function

    提出了數組鏈染色體編碼方式，以及基於自適應性變異概率和模擬退火懲罰函數法的適應性遺傳演算法（ aga ） 。
  11. That is because only large firms have been able to afford the supercomputers needed to mutate and crossbreed large virtual genomes ? and then simulate the behaviour of their offspring ? for perhaps 20m generations before the perfect design emerges

    因為只有那些大公司才能負擔得起費用來使用必須由超級計算機來進行的對大型虛擬染色體進行變異和雜交- -以及隨后對這些染色體後代行為模擬- -在完美的設計浮現之前，可能需要經歷2000萬代。
  12. Aiming at the limitation of basic evolution strategies, a kind of growth mechanism - based evolution strategies and its realization are introduced. chapter three presents the evolution strategies - based optimizing of seaport container logistics system, firstly the structure of chromosome is introduced, then a kind of hybrid mutation operation is used, the detail process of the optimizing method is also described, finally the traveling sequence optimization of the containers is introduced as an example to testify the feasibility of the new optimizing method

    在以往的港口物流系統規劃研究中，遺傳演算法和模擬退火法是經常採用的數學方法，第三章首次研究了基於生物進化策略的港口集裝箱物流系統優化方法，提出了一種基於混合變異的自然數編碼進化策略演算法和染色體的構造模式，並以集裝箱運送順序優化問題為例，實現了基於生物進化策略的港口集裝箱物流子系統的優化。
  13. In consideration of the defects of conventional ga, an improved ga has been investigated in this paper. the evolution speed and quality of the population are directly influenced by the change of the number of chromosomes in ga and by whether the paternal excellent information is passed to the offspring as much as it can. in regard to the questions existing in ga, an algorithm with dynamic population scale is provided in this paper

    在對模擬電荷配置的程序化實現方面，本文採用智能優化方法? ?遺傳演算法（ ga ） ，不過本文針對傳統ga - csm中遺傳演算法的定種群規模遺傳使得父本染色體的多樣性受到限制及同代非同父本進行繁殖、交叉、突變的遺傳方法可能收斂于局部極小值而得不到全局最優解的問題，對其加以改進，提出了一種新方法? ?變種群規模的遺傳演算法。
  14. Because of its fully sequenced genome and the most complete, contiguous nucleotide sequence of centromeric dna in plants, arabidopsis was chose as the base to construct plant artificial chromosome. we identified two candidate yac clones, cic8h8 and cic6f6, which are both proved to have the 178 bp arabidopsis centromeric repeat sequences

    我們通過pcr和序列分析，選擇了含有擬南芥著絲粒區178bp串連重復序列的yac克隆作為構建人工染色體的基礎，同時也克隆了擬南芥的端粒和ars等序列。
  15. A mapping analysis revealed that ast gene was located on chromosome i, and located between sslp molecular marker nga280 and caps molecular marker pab5

    初步作圖分析表明， ast基因定位於擬南芥第在號染色體上，並且位於sslp分子標記nga280和caps分子標記pab5之間。
  16. The improvements in this thesis include the hybrid code method, the method of generation of initial populations, substituting the children for parents by combination of the simulated annealing algorithm and niche, adding some new chromosomes to ensure the population ’ s diversity and using the adaptive probability of crossover and mutation

    本文的改進方案主要涉及混合編碼方式，初始種群的產生方式，採用結合模擬退火演算法和小生境思想的替代策略，迭代過程中添加新染色體，採用自適應交叉、變異概率等。
  17. Now autosomal and y - chromosomal strs are widely researched and applied, while the x - str markers are not. because x chromosome has the character that the male transmits his x chromosome only to his daughter ( s ), it can provide more information than the autosomal does, particularly in complex cases of kinship testing

    而在解決一些復雜的親緣關系案件（如單親父女關系的鑒定和缺乏雙親的姐妹親緣關系的鑒定）時，由於父親的x染色體具有隻傳給他的女兒（們）的遺傳特性，因此在解決此類案件時有常染色體所無法比擬的優點。
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