暗物質 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [ànwùzhí]
暗物質
英文
dark matter-
In addition, experiments are under way to detect mysterious particles that form the cold dark matter of the universe and to examine protons at higher levels of sensitivity to learn whether they decay
此外，已經有實驗開始偵測構成宇宙冷暗物質的神秘粒子，精密度較高的實驗也在檢查質子是否會發生衰變。The current standard model of elementary particles contains no examples of particles that could serve as cold dark matter, but extensions of the standard model ? developed for reasons quite separate from the needs of astronomy ? offer many plausible candidates
現今的基本粒子標準模型內，並沒有任何粒子可以構成冷暗物質，但從標準模型加以推廣，則提供了許多可能的候選者，而推廣的理由則和天文學上的需求並沒有多少關聯。Although cold dark matter has its own problems in explaining cosmic structures [ see “ the life cycle of galaxies ” by guinevere kauffmann and frank van den bosch ; scientific american, june 2002 ], most cosmologists consider these problems minor compared with the difficulties faced by alternative hypotheses
雖然冷暗物質在解釋宇宙結構上也有它自身的問題（見《科學人》 2002年8月號星系傳奇） ，但大多數宇宙學家認為，較諸其他假說所面對的困難，這些問題可說是次要的。There are other models of dark energy besides those based on scalar fields. one scenario is " solid " dark matter, typically based on networks of tangled cosmic strings or domain walls
當然亦有些黑暗能量理論模型並未引入純量場的觀念，其中一個假設是實黑暗物質的存在，這些物質可以是糾結的宇宙弦網路或區域墻。Dark matter may seem exotic, but cosmologists regard it as the essence of simplicity
暗物質可能看來奇特，但是宇宙學家將其視為簡單的要素。The task for the next 70 years is for physicists, astronomers and cosmologists to discover exactly what it is
對物理學家、天文學家和宇宙起源學家們來說，未來70年的任務就是揭開暗物質的廬山真面目。What kind of particle could dark matter be made of
暗物質可能是由哪一種粒子組成的呢？They were thus able to study the distribution of dark matter
暗物質在此刻便露出了馬腳。The problem is that dark matter is invisible
問題是暗物質是不可見的。Hence we infer that there is dark matter in the universe
因此我們推斷出宇宙中存在暗物質。In this way, it can eliminate the need for dark matter
如此一來，暗物質這個假設也就可以拋棄了。Dark matter " is real : scientists
美科學家證明暗物質是存在的Up until recently, those seeking the exotica of the universe ? dark matter as well as dark energy ? focused on the very largest scales ( galaxy clusters and up ) and on comparatively small ones ( a single galaxy )
直到不久之前，這些尋找宇宙怪物（暗物質和暗能量）的任務，若不是針對星系團以上的大尺度，便是集中在單一星系這樣相對小得多的尺度上。One proposal is that it is some kind of weakly interacting massive particle wimp. is dark matter really some exotic fundamental particle
有科學家猜想它們是一些作用力很弱但質量非零的粒子，究竟暗物質是否一些很特別的基本粒子呢？To account for the observed accelerations in galaxies, mond predicts a smaller force ? hence, less gravity - producing mass ? than newtonian dynamics does [ see illustration on page 44 ]
因此mond只需要較小的力，也就是較少產生重力的質量，就可以解釋星系中觀察到的加速度（參見暗物質之外的選擇） 。Cosmologists already ascribe cosmic inflation, and perhaps the dark energy ( distinct from dark matter ) that is now causing cosmic acceleration, to scalar fields
關于宇宙暴脹，以及引發宇宙加速膨脹的暗能量（有別于暗物質） ，宇宙學者已經將之歸因於純量場。The hierarchical formation of dark matter halos cannot be described using simple mathematical relationships
黑暗物質暈的階式結構無法以簡單的數學關系描述。Evidence of dark matter has been confirmed through the study of galactic rotation curves
通過銀河系自旋軌跡的研究已經證實暗物質存在的證據。We have summarized a set of theoretical approach to this problem and discussed the instability of the gas cloud and the systems composed of collisionless particles in the background of dark matter. linear perturbation theory is the method to solve this problem, in which, we add the perturbation into the equilibrium state and discussed its evolution
本文研究了自引力系統的穩定性問題，總結了解決該問題的一套理論方法。並具體研究了存在暗物質背景時氣體雲和無碰撞粒子系統中擾動的演化情況。解決穩定性問題的方法用線性擾動理論，即在平衡態中加入擾動，研究擾動在系統中的演化情況。If, however, dark matter does not exist and it is gravitational theory that needs modifying, then the mass of the bullet cluster should be distributed as it is in the rest of the universe ? that is, the mass should be mostly in the gas clouds rather than in the stars
然而，如果暗物質不存在，且引力理論需要修改，那麼子彈狀星雲團內的大量物質應當像宇宙中其他部分一樣分散開來?這就是說，這些物質應當以氣雲的形式存在，而非恆星。分享友人