最低價格立法 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zuìdījiàgélìfǎ]
最低價格立法
英文
minimum price legislation- 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
- 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
- 格 : 格象聲詞rattle; gurgle
- 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
- 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
- 立法 : legislation立法程序 legislative process [procedure]; 立法創制權 legislative initiative; 立法調查 ...
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For example, the administratively monopolized access regulation that caused the upper section ( railway network operation ) and lower section ( the transportation businesses ) integrated ; the relatively closed investment mechanism that at first mainly depended on government allocation, then mainly relied on railway ' s building fund ; the price regulation that controls the right of price setting strictly and keeps a low price level for a long time ; the income distribution regulation that with its income and expense carried out in two separate ways ; finally, the regulation framework that with the roles wrongly arranged and with inadequate supervision and lagged legislation
由此可以看出，我國鐵路規制體制的計劃經濟痕跡非常明顯：在進入上，實行「上下一體」的行政性壟斷；在投資上，實行先以國家為主而後以鐵路建設基金為主的相對封閉的投資體制；在運價上，國家嚴格控制定價權，並長期以來保持低價位；在收益分配上，實行收支兩條線的清算制度；最後，在規制的組織架構方面，不僅角色錯位，而且缺乏監督，立法滯后。The antitrust laws, however, give a manufacturer latitude to adopt a policy regarding a desired level of resale prices and to deal only with retailers who independently decide to follow that policy
反托拉斯法充許製造商在一定的價格浮動范圍內採用其所意願的最低轉售價格政策，及只與可獨立貫徹該政策的零售商交易。It emphasize in the macro view that we should enhance the lawmaking, develop association about engineering cost management, and broaden the service field of the organization on engineering cost consultation etc. from the micro view, considering that the architecture ' s price may be totally formed by the market and it may connect with international tradition, we discussed how to ferry stream from quota price to bill - quantity price, how to ferry stream from government making - price to enterprise free making - price. also we discussed how to compile bill - of - quantity, how to determine price of bidding strategies of bidding and how to quote price under the bill - of - quantity model. study of a certain reasonable low price, problems and countermeasures of the lowest bid approach in making bid and inviting bid has been discussed too
強調：宏觀上，工程造價管理要加強立法、加強工程造價管理協會的建設、拓寬工程造價咨詢機構的服務面等；微觀上，針對建築產品價格完全由市場形成及與國際慣例接軌的要求，討論在剛剛開始推行工程量清單計價模式下，如何使定額計價向工程量清單計價過渡，建築產品如何由政府定價向企業自主定價過渡，以及工程量清單編制、標底價格的確定、施工企業的投標報價；研究在工程招投標過程中， 「合理低價」的確定方法，無標底招標可能出現的問題及對策；最後提出費用組成及計價方式的改革，使得工程造價更符合工程的實際情況，更有利於企業間的競爭。
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