木間柱 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [mùjiānzhù]
木間柱
英文
wood studding-
Dundrum, south, or sutton, north, both localities equally reported by trial to resemble the terrestrial poles in being favourable climates for phthisical subjects, the premises to be held under feefarmgrant, lease 999 years, the message to consist of 1 drawingroom with baywindow 2 lancets, thermometer affixed, 1 sittingroom, 4 bedrooms, 2 servants rooms, tiled kitchen with close range and scullery, lounge hall fitted with linen wallpresses, fumed oak sectional bookcase containing the encyclopaedia britannica and new century dictionary, transverse obsolete medieval and oriental weapons, dinner gong, alabaster lamp, bowl pendant, vulcanite automatic telephone receiver with adjacent directory, handtufted axminster carpet with cream ground and trellis border, loo table with pillar and claw legs, hearth with massive firebrasses and ormolu mantel chronometer clock, guaranteed timekeeper with cathedral chime, barometer with hygrographic chart, comfortable lounge settees and corner fitments, upholstered in ruby plush with good springing and sunk centre, three banner japanese screen and cuspidors club style, rich wine - coloured leather, gloss renewable with a minimum of labour by use of linseed oil and vinegar and pyramidically prismatic central chandelier lustre, bentwood perch with a fingertame parrot expurgated language, embossed mural paper at 10 - per dozen with transverse swags of carmine floral design and top crown frieze, staircase, three continuous flights at successive right angles, of varnished cleargrained oak, treads and risers, newel, balusters and handrail, with stepped - up panel dado, dressed with camphorated wax, bathroom, hot and cold supply, reclining and shower : water closet on mezzanine provided with opaque singlepane oblong window, tipup seat, bracket lamp, brass tierod brace, armrests, footstool and artistic oleograph on inner face of door : ditto, plain : servant s apartments with separate sanitary and hygienic necessaries for cook, general and betweenmaid salary, rising by biennial unearned increments of 2, with comprehensive fidelity insurance annual bonus, and retiring allowance based on the 65 system after 30 years service, pantry, buttery, larder, refrigerator, outoffices, coal and wood cellarage with winebin still and sparkling vintages for distinguished guests, if entertained to dinner evening dress, carbon monoxide gas supply throughout
一截彎木上棲著一隻馴順得能停在手指上的鸚鵡它吐字文雅，墻上糊著每打價為十先令的壓花壁紙，印著胭脂紅色垂花橫紋圖案，頂端是帶狀裝飾一連三段櫟木樓梯，接連兩次拐成直角，都用清漆塗出清晰的木紋，梯級登板起柱欄桿和扶手，一律用護板來加固並塗上含樟腦的蠟浴室里有冷熱水管，盆湯淋浴，設備俱全。位於平臺246上的廁所里，長方形窗子上嵌著一塊毛玻璃，帶蓋的坐式抽水馬桶，壁燈，黃銅拉鏈和把手，兩側各放著憑肘幾和腳凳，門內側還掛有藝術氣息濃厚的油畫式石版畫。另外還有一間普通的廁所廚師打雜的女僕和兼做些細活的女傭的下房裡也分別裝有保健衛生設備僕役的工錢每兩年遞增兩英鎊，並根據一般忠誠勤勞保險，每年年底發獎金一英鎊，對工滿三十年者，按照六十五歲退職的規定，發退職金餐具室配膳室食品庫冷藏庫主樓外的廚房及貯藏室等堆煤柴用的地窨子里還有個葡萄酒窖不起泡亮光閃閃的葡萄酒，這是為宴請貴賓吃正餐身穿夜禮服時預備的。We have observed the following characteristics of anatomical structure and development : ( 1 ) the primary roots belong to archetype and the lateral roots occur in the position toward the xylem of the vascular cylinder ; ( 2 ) the root endodermis consists of thicken casparian strips, and there are from two lo four layers parenchyma cells near the pericycle ; ( 3 ) the pith and resins canals are absent in the toots ; ( 4 ) secondary structure occurs in the root hair zone, and vascular cambium is formed from the parenchyma cells between the primary xylem and primary phloem ; ( 5 ) tanning materials are abundant in pericycle cells and phelloderm cells ; ( 6 ) sclereids are found in secondary phloem, and rays are rather rich in secondary xylem
結果表明：氣生不定根具有以下結構特徵和發育特點： （ 1 ）根為二原型，側根正對著木質部發生； （ 2 ）幼根內皮層細胞具凱氏帶加厚，維管柱內緊挨中柱鞘內側具有2 ~ 4層大型薄壁細胞； （ 2 ）根中無髓和樹脂道； （ 4 ）次生結構發生於根毛區，維管形成層由初生木質部和初生韌皮部之間的薄壁細胞轉化形成； （ 5 ）中柱鞘和栓內層細胞富含單寧類物質； （ 6 ）次生韌皮部有石細胞，次生木質部射線發達。Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account
依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。The part of the room behind the columns, where on one side there stood a high mahogany bedstead with silken hangings, and on the other a huge case of holy pictures, was brightly and decoratively lighted up, as churches are lighted for evening service
房間里的圓柱後面，一方擺著一張掛有帷幔的高高的紅木臥榻，另一方陳設著一個大神，像晚禱時的教堂一般，房間的這一部分燈火明亮，紅光四射。The meditation hall is basically a roof structure made of three layers of reed supported by locust wood pillars. it gives good protection against both sun and rain it was tested for both during a recent retreat
打坐大殿是一棟覆蓋著三層屋頂的建築，基本上是以洋槐木作為樑柱，再鋪上蘆葦而成，大殿同時具有遮陽擋雨的功能在此次打禪期間，已經獲得驗證。Then suddenly a gap appeared between the old boat's side and the wooden struts of the wharf; the air filled with cries and sobs.
突然在船和碼頭的木柱間出現了一條裂縫，空氣中立即灌滿了哭叫聲和嗚咽聲。For an instant pierre opened his eyes as he pulled up the cloak, and saw the same roofs, and posts, and yard, but it was now full of bluish light, and glistening with dew or frost
皮埃爾在拉上大衣時，一下子睜開了眼睛，仍然看見那兩間木板披屋，廊柱院子，但這一切現在都泛出藍色，發亮，蒙著一層露珠或水霜的光澤。Tf shape ream the person have at present a bright and fresh felling, extremely make a point of the shape s vogue, and spray the black match of cent color, bright of valuable piano paint in the center the pale red color import the solid bark to more show noble cultured, exquisite of aluminum metal alloy the pillar match top three layer glasses, the whole chien the vogue, product vaporize to have no the inside magic power of the language, in the scenery for residing the environment, not only is at presently aly beauty in house of the same vogue, ream warm and fragrant atmosphere for residing increasing the brilliance, and in the living space making the live of livinging joss - stick, leisurely and carefreely enjoying in house
Tf的造型令人有眼前一亮的新鮮感覺，極為注重外形的時尚化，噴名貴鋼琴漆分色，亮麗黑色配合中間淡紅色進口實木皮更顯高貴典雅，精緻的鋁合金柱搭配上三層玻璃，整體簡潔時尚，產品散發著無語的內在魅力，在同樣時尚的家居環境里，不僅是眼前一道靚麗的風景，令溫馨的家居增添光彩，而且在生活的空間中製造出活色生香，悠閑享受的氣氛。A bed supported on massive pillars of mahogany, hung with curtains of deep red damask, stood out like a tabernacle in the centre ; the two large windows, with their blinds always drawn down, were half shrouded in festoons and falls of similar drapery ; the carpet was red ; the table at the foot of the bed was covered with a crimson cloth ; the walls were a soft fawn colour with a blush of pink in it ; the wardrobe, the toilet - table, the chairs were of darkly polished old mahogany
張紅木床赫然立於房間正中，粗大的床柱上，罩著深紅色錦緞帳幔，活像一個帳篷。兩扇終日窗簾緊閉的大窗，半掩在清一色織物製成的流蘇之中。地毯是紅的，床腳邊的桌子上鋪著深紅色的臺布，墻呈柔和的黃褐色，略帶粉紅。Between the posts were ranged the milchers, each exhibiting herself at the present moment to a whimsical eye in the rear as a circle on two stalks, down the centre of which a switch moved pendulum - wise ; while the sun, lowering itself behind this patient row, threw their shadows accurately inwards upon the wall
要被擠奶的牛都被安排在柱子中間，此刻讓一個異想天開的人從後面看來，排在那兒的每一頭牛就像一個圓環拴在兩根木樁上，中間的下方是一隻來回擺動的鐘擺這時候向草棚後面落去的夕陽，把這群能夠容忍的牛群的影子精確地投射到草棚的墻上。Then i took the pieces of cable which i had cut in the ship, and i laid them in rows one upon another, within the circle, between these two rows of stakes, up to the top, placing other stakes in the in - side, leaning against them, about two foot and a half high, like a spurr to a post, and this fence was so strong, that neither man or beast could get into it or over it : this cost me a great deal of time and labour, especially to cut the piles in the woods, bring them to the place, and drive them into the earth
然後，我用從船上截下來的那些纜索，沿著半圓形，一層一層地堆放在兩排木樁之間，一直堆到頂上，再用一些兩英尺半高的木樁插進去支撐住纜索，彷彿柱子上的橫茶。這個籬笆十分結實牢固，不管是人還是野獸，都無法沖進來或攀越籬笆爬進來。這項工程，花了我不少時間和勞力，尤其是我得從樹林里砍下粗枝做木樁，再運到草地上，又一一把它們打入泥土，這工作尤其費力費時。Two wood columns extend from floor to ceiling, separated by a gap of several inches
兩個木頭圓柱從天花板和地面延伸出來，中間有個幾寸的間隔。Using both hands, she clawed a larger hole. it was disappointingly narrow. the sun ' s heat had warmed the dark post, but not enough. the slot between the hard ice and the wood was too narrow for her body. if it proved too narrow for her head as well, she would die
雙手並用，她抓大了洞，失望的是洞太窄了。太陽的熱能使黑色的柱子有了溫度，只可惜溫度不夠，堅硬的冰層和木頭之間的空隙不夠讓她爬上去。假如連頭也伸不出去的話，她只有死路一條了。分享友人