染色體減數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [rǎnshǎitǐjiǎnshǔ]
染色體減數 英文
reduction of chromosomes
  • 染 : Ⅰ動詞1 （用染料著色）dye 2 （感染） catch [contract] （a disease） 3 （沾染） acquire （a bad hab...
  • 色 : 色名詞[口語] （顏色） colour
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  • 染色體 : [生物學] chromosome染色體疾病 chromosomal disorders; 染色體異常 chromosome abnormality
  • 染色 : dye; dyeing; colouration; tintage; tinging; dyschroia; colouring; colour; [半] decoration染色不足...
  1. During anaphase i of meiosis pairs of chromatids still connected at their centromere move to the spindle poles

    在減數分裂後期i中，由於紡錘絲的牽引，使成對的同源染色體各自發生分離，並分別向兩極移動。
  2. During anaphase ii the centromeres divide and single chromatids are drawn toward the poles, thus sister chromatids are separated

    在減數分裂後期ii ，每條染色體的兩個染色單體隨著著絲點的分裂而彼此分開，由紡錘絲牽向兩極。
  3. Chromomere a small beadlike deeply staining structure seen in chromosomes during prophase of mitosis and meiosis

    染色粒：在有絲分裂及減數分裂的前期存在於染色體上的小念珠狀的著色深的結構。
  4. There are two main types of nuclear division : mitosis, which results in daughter cells identical to their parents ; and meiosis ( reduction division ), which produces daughter cells which have half the number of chromosomes of their parent cells, and in which the genetic material has been recombined

    核分裂有兩種主要的類型：一種為有絲分裂，即子代細胞與親本相同，另一種為減數分裂，其產生的子細胞所含的染色體數為親本染色體數的一半，基因在分裂過程中發生了重組。
  5. ( 3 ) the chromosomes obtained by air - drying and chromosomes from the silkworm genital gland are similar in shape. but the numbers and the length of the chromosomes are obviously different. the chromosomes obtained from the genital gland have little difference in length, while the chromosomes of bmn cell are different in length very much

    但是，在染色體的數目上有顯著的差異。另外，染色體間的長短差別也非常明顯。由家蠶生殖腺得到的減數分裂中期染色體和胚胎得到有絲分裂的中期染色體，其染色體長短差異不明顯，而binn細胞的中期染色體長短非常不一致，差異非常顯著。
  6. In dandelion ( taraxacum ), for example, the chromosomes of the megaspore mother cell remain in one cell after the first meiotic division, forming a restitution nucleus

    例如在蒲公英中，在第一次減數分裂后，大孢子母細胞的染色體仍在一個細胞中，形成一個再組核。
  7. Bivalent describing any pair of homologous chromosomes when they pair up during meiosis

    二價染色體：在減數分裂中配對時的任意一對同源染色體。
  8. The karyotype of nelumbo nucifera during meiosis zygotene was established in this study, which would help the studies of meiosis and molecular cytogenetics in lotus

    摘要本研究建立了中國蓮偶線期染色體的核型，為研究蓮的減數分裂過程及分子細胞遺傳學研究提供基礎。
  9. Autopoly - ploids may arise from the fusion of diploid gametes that have resulted from the nondisjunction of chromosomes at meiosis

    同源多倍體通常可能來自在減數分裂過程中染色體不分離導致的二倍體融合。
  10. Aneuploidy the condition, resulting from nondisjunction of homologous chromosomes at meiosis, in which one or more chromosomes are missing from or added to the normal somatic chromosome number

    非整倍性：在減數分裂的過程中同源染色體不分離而造成的一條或多條染色體的缺失或增加。
  11. Pachytene in meiosis, the stage in mid - prophase that is characterized by the contraction of paired homologous chromosomes

    粗線期：減數第一次分裂前中期中的一個階段，以配對同源染色體濃縮為特徵。
  12. Synapsis ( pairing ) the association of homologous chromosomes during the prophase stage of meiosis that leads to the production of a haploid number of bivalents

    聯會（配對） ：能產生單倍二價體的減數分裂前期，同源染色體的聯合現象。
  13. Segregation the separation of the two alleles of a gene into different gametes, brought about by the separation of homologous chromosomes at anaphase 1 of meiosis

    分離：同源染色體在細胞減數分裂後期中向細胞極遷移，使等位基因最終分向不同配子。
  14. It is due to the lack of homologous pairs of chromosomes, so chromosomes cannot pair in meiosis, and the resulting gametes may have extra or missing chromosomes

    這歸因於染色體同系對的缺乏，以至於在減數分裂中染色體不能配對，導致配子有可能有額外或缺失染色體。
  15. Partial chromosomes happened abnormally during pollen mother cells meiosis, which included chromosome chain, chromosome loop, lagging chromosome and chromosome unequal distribution

    麗? 2號花粉母細胞在減數分裂期染色體行為發生了異常，出現較高頻率的染色體鏈及少部分的染色體環和落後染色體。
  16. Pairing of homologous chromosomes ( synapsis ) commences at one or several points on the chromosome and is clearly seen during pachytene of meiosis i

    同源染色體兩兩成對平行靠攏，這一現象也稱聯會，聯會發生在染色體的一點或多點上，可以在減數第一次分裂的粗線期觀察到。
  17. In the laboratory experiment part, human peripheral blood, cultured cells and icr mice were study objects. the changes of mitotic chromosome numbers were measured by human metaphase chromosome counts and statistic analyzed used x2 - test. the changes of meiotic chromosome numbers were measured by mice one - cell zygote chromosome counts and statistic analyzed usedx2 - test. the effects of low dose ionizing radiation on the expression of topoisomerase ii were measured by immunocytochemistry, western blot and rt - pcr

    流行病學結果顯示長期小劑量輻射接觸與染色體不分離呈正相關，為進一步在細胞遺傳學和分子生物學方面研究小劑量電離輻射與染色體不分離關系及其機制，本課題第二部分以外周血、培養細胞、 icr小鼠為研究對象，用外周血染色體計數和單細胞受精卵染色體計數的方法研究小劑量輻射和拓撲異構酶復旦大學2000級博士生學位論文11a抑制劑及其二者的協同效應對有絲分裂和減數分裂染色體不分離的影響，用免疫細胞化學染色、 westernblot 、 rt pcr等方法研究了電離輻射引起拓撲異構酶a表達變化。
  18. The expression of topoisomerase ii of cultured cells treated low dose ionizing radiation decreased and then returned as time went. and become outstanding as radiation dose and frequency were added. inhibitor of topoisomerase ii could cause chromosome non - dis juction in mitosis and meiosis. and the co - effect of inhibitor of topoisomerase ii and ion

    05 ） ，具有隨照射次數增加而增加的趨勢；小劑量電離輻射可以引起拓撲異構酶a表達變化，隨照射后時間延長先下降后回升，隨照射劑量和次數的增加，變化更加明顯；拓撲異構酶11a抑制劑可引起有絲分裂和減數分裂時染色體的不分離；拓撲異構酶a抑制劑和電高輻射的協同作用使染色體不分離更加明顯。
  19. Linkage analysis plays an important role in gene mapping. the foundation : the two gene locuses which locate on the same chromosomal ( eg. disease gene and marker gene ) happen to cross over and recombine. the farther the distance between two locuses is, the higher the probability happening to cross over is, the lower the probability that the two locuses are inherited to offspring together is, that is, the degree of linkage is not strong. so we can estimate the distance and the degree of linkage by the recombination fraction between the two locuses to locate gene

    連鎖分析是基因定位主要策略之一，其基本原理是位於同一染色體上兩個基因位點（例致病基因與標記基因）在減數分裂的過程中會發生交換與重組，染色體上的兩個位點間距離越遠，發生重組的概率就越大，兩個位點在一起傳給後代的機會就越少，即連鎖程度弱，這樣由標記位點與疾病位點間的重組率可估算出兩者間的距離以及連鎖程度，達到基因定位的目的。
  20. Centromere the region of the chromosome that contains the kinetochore, the structure that becomes attached to the nuclear spindle during mitosis and meiosis

    著絲粒：染色體上包含著絲點的區域，在細胞有絲分裂和減數分裂期間與紡錘體相整合的一種結構。
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