極權主義制度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jíquánzhǔyìzhìdù]
極權主義制度 英文
totalitarian system
  • 極 : i 名詞1 （頂點; 盡頭） the utmost point; extreme 2 （地球的南北兩端; 磁體的兩端; 電源或電器上電流...
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 極權 : totalitarianism
  1. In an authoritarian system anyone who wants to remain part of the leadership inevitably stumbles into fields of force where political battles are in progress.

    在一個極權主義的制度下，誰要想呆在領導集團里，誰就不可避免地會捲入到勾心鬥角的政治傾軋中去。
  2. Raftonalism and irrationalism is the result ofextremely emphasizing reason and unreason. the process of modernization is a process which reason gives play to fundamental function. however, the rational instrumentalism in the process of modernization causes the refutation of postmodemism. postmodernism takes an irrational method to explain the " substance " reason and gives up the reasons hegemony and lopsided instrurnentalism. our modernization not only fully display the reason ' s function ofconstruct, but also display the guidance and drive function ofthe non - rational factor

    理性主義和非理性主義是把理性和非理性強調到極至的結果。現代化的過程就是理性發揮根本性作用的過程，然而理性在現代化過程中的工具化使其遭到后現代的批駁，后現代以一種非理性的方法解構了現代性中「實體的」理性，否定了理性的霸權和片面的工具性。我們的現代化既要充分發揮理性的制度建構作用，還要發揮非理性因素的引導、激勵作用。
  3. The self-defeating system gives limitless power to egomaniacs.

    這個自取滅亡的制度把無限的權力給了極端利己主義者。
  4. Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal

    本文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法，藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據，從闡述社會保障的基本問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢長期造成我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法，目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造成我國農村社會保障長期積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國長期實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制，通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實，指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義，通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。總之，同是作為中華人民共和國公民，無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。
  5. However in our country, with the influence of procedural idea " in pursuit of absolute objective authenticity " and the procedure mode of transgress of authority formed long time, the system of trial by default is not only very rough in legislative techniques, but also has its serious drawbacks in structure itself

    而我國的缺席審判制度由於受追求「絕對客觀真實」的訴訟觀念和長期以來形成的超職權主義訴訟模式的影響，不僅立法技術極為粗糙，而且本身還存在嚴重的結構性缺陷。
  6. According to this cognition, the dissertation concludes that it is lahe that brings the development of higher education full of vitalit y, and it in turn brings the higher education to the first position in the world. in order to sum up the characteristics of lahe canonically and objectively, the dissertation expounds in details the three parts of legislation system of higher education according to the theory of legislation. it also means that the article discusses the authority of legislation, the powers of legislation and the process of legislation in details, analyzes the two classical cases ~ morrill act, trustees of dartmouth college v. woodward with the theory of law

    為了能比較規范、客觀地概括出美國高等教育立法的特點，本文按照立法學理論詳細闡釋了高等教育立法制度的三要件「立法主體、立法權限、立法程序」的內涵與運作，即對高等教育立法的主體、主體權限以及權限在立法程序中的展開等內容進行客觀闡釋；並選取美國高等教育立法史中享有重要意義和極具影響力的兩個典型案例? ? 《莫里爾法》和「達特茅斯學院校董事會訴伍德沃德」案加以例證性的法理分析。
  7. For keeping the interest of shareholder as investor of company, company legislation should control and regulate faith obligation of shareholders to prevent them from abusing controlling right ; intensify faith obligation of directors and managers to offset the negative influence from shareholders general meeting core to directorate core

    公司立法為了維護每一位股東作為公司的出資人的利益，就要規范控制股東誠信的義務，以防止其濫用控制權；就要強化董事與經理的誠信義務，以抵消現代公司制度中「股東會中心主義」向「董事會中心主義」轉移后的帶來消極影響。
  8. The theoretic frame of the right to know in the business of security trading is expected to be built on the basis of confirming the right to know in security trading, listing the reason of why the small and medium - sized share holders, creditors or foundation holders have the such right to know, making clear the positive meaning that the independent director cherished for the public disclosure, getting into the in - sight specialities of public business information products and non - symmetry and enforcing the main body of the business, the task of public disclosure of the listed companies in particular

    通過對中小股東、債權人以及基金持有人知情權權利主體的保護，獨立董事享有知情權對信息披露的積極意義;透視營業信息以及非對稱性之特徵，並強化義務主體，尤其是上市公司的信息披露義務;以期構建起證券交易知情權的理論框架。此外，為投資者恢復在證券交易過程中被剝奪的權利和損失的利益，建立和完善證券交易知情權民事責任制度及其實現機制，從而建立起證券交易知情權的保護體系。
  9. This part also analyzes the important issue in reconstruction of secured transactions law in china - " nutrients clausus ", then i put forward that secured transactions law in china should not only import the positive effects of freedom mechanism in private law, but also prevent the negative effect of that mechanism by the procedural requirement, in order to achieve the open - end situation which could accommodate any new personal property security device if only the new device is created by agreement and follows the procedure of attachment and perfection

    本篇還分析了重構動產擔保交易制度中所應注意的重要問題? ?物權法定主義，主張我國動產擔保交易制度既要引入私法自治機理的積極效用，又要通過程序要求反制私法自治開放過度的弊端，營造一種只要通過協議創設的新型動產擔保權經過相當的設定、公示程序，即當然具有物權效力的開放態勢。
  10. In recent years, with the rapid development of socialist market economy, carring on the full research and proof to the reservation of title ( one kind of non - model guarantee system ) to promote the reservation of title system to make further development and consummation and to promote socialist market economy to make continually rapid and healthy development, is extremely necessary and important without doubt

    在我國社會主義市場經濟飛速發展的今天，對所有權保留這種非典型擔保制度進行充分地研究論證，使所有權保留制度在我國進一步發展和完善，以便更好地促進社會主義市場經濟的持續、快速、健康發展，無疑是極具必要性和重要性的。
  11. Through the analysis, the paper reaches the following basic conclusions : the quantity of chaoyang district ' s transient population will increase continuously, residential period will prolong gradually and renting house will still be the major residential way of transient population ; transient population play a positive role in the district ' s socioeconomic development, but on the other side they make city infrastructures more difficult to bear the existent heavy burden, difficulty in city management is increased ; transient labor force mainly undertake the supplementary role of the district labor force, but along with the open of the labor force market step by step and the further improving of the quality of transient labor force, the competition between transient labor force and local labor force tends to be intense ; the current management policy of transient population in beijing exists some problems, which stresses management and makes light of service, stresses duties and makes light of rights and interests, stresses planning and makes light of market, stresses outside and makes light of inside, but the policy is tending to the developing direction that is helpful for transient population to flow

    最後總結了本研究的基本結論，並從外來人口管理體制及制度創新、管理措施的改進和維護外來人口權益，健全社會保險體系三方面提出了改革建議。文章通過分析得出以下基本結論：朝陽區外來人口的數量還會繼續增長，居住時間逐漸延長，租住房屋仍然是外來人口最主要的居住方式；外來人口在為本區社會經濟發展起到積極作用的同時，也使城市基礎設施不堪重負，城市管理難度加大；外來勞動力主要承擔著本區勞動力的補充角色，但隨著勞動力市場的逐步開放和外來人口素質的進一步提高，外來勞動力與本地勞動力的競爭趨于激烈；北京市現行的外來人口管理政策存在著重管理而輕服務、重義務而輕權益、重計劃而輕市場、重外部而輕內部的問題，但正趨于有利於外來人口流動的方向發展。
  12. In the fourth part, some methods such as key case study, observation and interview are adopted to analyze the deep signification of teachers " professional experience under the current management system, such as restraint and unfairness, the feeling that it ' s hard to be approbated by the school authority, etc. these negative attitudes have greatly obstructed the realization of the organization aims and development of the school

    論文的第四部分主要用關鍵事件法、觀察法、生活史的訪談法來深入分析現行管理制度和組織氛圍之一f教師職業體驗的深層含義:諸如壓制與不公， 「不儀僅是錢本身、權本身的問題，而是大部分教師認為很難得到學校領導的認可」等等，並且這些教師的消極態度，已經影響了學校組織目標的實現，阻礙了學校的發展。
  13. However, due to the inequality and specialty of the related parties and the obscurity of transactions, these transactions could be easily be used by some groups and individuals as a way to obtain illegal interests, which will possibly harm the corporation and the investors, the holders and the debtors, even the whole social economic system, for much state owned assets will be lost

    但同時，由於關聯交易中交易雙方關系的特殊性和地位的不平等性，以及交易的非市場性、非透明性，使其極易成為某些利益集團及個人非法獲利的手段，因此可能會侵害交易中從屬公司及其股東、債權人的合法權益，甚至造成國有資產嚴重流失和破壞社會主義市場制度的嚴重後果。
  14. The aim of this article is to develop some effective studying on this point through the analysis of internal value of the displaying system of criminal evidence, and describes the active functions of it both on justice and efficiency as well as protection of the defence right of accused party. furthermore, the article compared different displaying systems of criminal evidence of the usa, great britain, japan, and italy to discuss the development rules of this system combing with the chinese present mixing litigation mode of original authority lawsuit method and the oppositional court inquiring method by both parties, which comparing and analyzing the rules of evidence - displaying both of original and present modes to list the problems existed in the present criminal evidence - displaying system. finally, the article brings forward some conceives of configuration and perfecting of chinese criminal evidence - displaying system from the selection of mode, scope, and judge function of criminal evidence - displaying and penalty measures to the deregulation of displaying of evidence etc

    首先從分析刑事證據展示制度的內在價值入手，充分闡述其在實現公正與效率兼顧和保護被告人辯護權方面的積極作用；其次通過對美國、英國、日本和義大利的刑事證據展示制度的比較，來探析該制度的發展規律；再次結合我國的刑事訴訟從原來的職權主義訴訟模式轉變為現在兼有當事人主義有關規定的混合式訴訟模式，對前後兩種模式中具有證據展示性質的規定進行比較分析，說明現在刑事證據展示方面存在的諸多問題；最後從刑事證據展示的模式選擇、刑事證據展示的范圍、法官在證據展示中的作用、以及違反證據展示規則的制裁措施等幾個主要方面，對構建和完善我國的刑事證據展示制度提出了設想。
  15. They discuss the following ideas : fist, the planning and the frame of incentive management in the state - owned enterprises ; second, the inner incentive and constrained mechanics which are explained from managers, technical personnel ; third, the building of sound outside environment including the reform of property right institution, the construction of investment mechanism of human resources, the development of manager and talent market, the independence of supervision organizations, the realization of fair play, the development and perfection

    一方面，從企業內部來說，主要從人力資源規劃、薪酬福利激勵管理、培訓激勵、精神激勵等幾個方面進行分析、論證，提出解決問題的思路，其中重點是對企業經營管理者和技術人員進行了研究。另一方面，從觀念轉變、產權制度改革、經理人的市場培育、相應約束機制的建立等方面為企業的發展建立良好的外部環境，而借鑒海爾較為成功的激勵管理模式，無疑對我國國有企業進行激勵管理極為重要的現實意義。
  16. However, whether or not a country will resort to multilateral diplomacy, and the specific way it uses this instrument, would be influenced by such factors as the international environment and the country ' s perceptions. as a permanent member of the un security council, to participate in multilateral diplomacy at the level of the united nations is one of the important aspects of france ' s overall diplomacy. its diplomatic activities explicitly showed that the use of the multilateral instrument is subject to the need to protect the country ' s national interests, which never changed during the two periods of france ' s history

    在勾勒法國的聯合國外交概貌的基礎上，從單元的層次上說明在當今多邊主義的框架中，主權國家作為多邊行為最為重要的載體，其性質並未發生根本變化，國家利益因素對于處于多邊主義制度環境中的主權國家依然具有極其重要的意義，多邊外交工具的選取仍然是以國家利益為出發點，是實現國家利益的政策工具；只是在這種多邊多重博弈中，多種影響因素包括國際環境和國家認知導致各國為追求合法利益，在多邊外交工具的選擇上以及具體的行為方式上會有所變化。
  17. This reform has significance of preventing the judge from preconceptions. but, because of the defects in the design of the systems, the system of discovery of evidence which is necessary to the new model of prosecution has n ' t been established at the same time. it led to the arising of new problems in practice, the most prominent one among them is the obstacle which obstructs the defense attorney to review files, and as a result, the reform in trial system has n ' t worked as expected

    我國修改後的刑事訴訟法採用了部分案件材料移送式起訴方式，這一改革對于避免法官先入為主，產生預斷具有積極意義，但由於制度設計上的缺陷，與新起訴方式相配套的證據開示制度未能與之同步建立，導致在實踐中出現了新的問題，其中最為突出的就是辯護律師閱卷權的行使受到阻礙，使得與之相關的庭審程序改革難以取得人們所期望的效果。
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