權衡因素 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [quánhéngyīnsù]
權衡因素 英文
weighing factor
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 衡 : Ⅰ名詞1 （秤桿） the graduated arm of a steelyard2 （稱重量的器具） weighing apparatus3 （姓氏） a...
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 素 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （本色; 白色） white 2 （顏色單純） plain; simple; quiet 3 （本來的; 原有的） native Ⅱ名...
  • 權衡 : judge and weigh; weigh and consider balance; weigh; balance
  1. So we consider five financial indexes includes stock b / p, e / p, current stock size, current stock stru and financial levge by the international tradition, then descriptive statistical test method and cross section statistical test method proved that b / p and current stock size have marked effect on the securities yield besides coefficient b. in the third chapter, the article fut forward a risk factor model, estimates yield sequences of every risk factor by weight regression, and then estimates each risk factor coefficient of different stock by time sequence regression, at last we can reckon the portfolio risk o2p and yield rp which consists n stocks

    結合國際慣例，文章考慮了股票的凈值市價比（ b p ） ，市盈率倒數（ e p ） ，流通規模（ size ） ，流通比例（ stru ）和財務杠桿（ levge ）等五個財務指標，應用描述性統計檢驗和橫截面統計檢驗等多種方法，結果表明，除系數以外，凈值市價比（ b p ）和流通規模（ size ）對證券收益率部有重要的影響。在論文的第三章，提出了一個基於多因素的風險因子模型，並用加權回歸和時間序列回歸等方法估計出了不同證券的各風險因子系數（類似於單指數模型中的系數） ，據此，即可衡量出一個包括n只股票的組合的風險_ p ~ 2和收益率r _ p 。
  2. This paper brings forward one new method in the selection of supply chains cooperators : hierarch variable weight priority - degree evaluation method, it aims to solve some problem that which can not be solved with normal power integration methods, such as it can ' t take the demand of equilibrium and inspiritment into account, and it usually contraventions the principia that decision factors can not substitute each other

    摘要針對企業在選擇供應鏈合作夥伴時，常權綜合方法難以體現決策者對決策因素的均衡性要求和激勵性要求，以及常權綜合方法常常違背決策因素間不可替代性的弊病，提出了一種基於可拓理論和變權理論的新方法層次變權優度評價法。
  3. The author takes the views that conservatism is the representation of protecting and balancing the benefit of the proprietors of the property rights of accounting information, conservatism convention is the outcome of the institutional change of the property rights of accounting information, the inspiration of conservatism ' s innovation comes from the institutional change of the property rights of accounting information and its innovation, moreover, from the perspectives of the theory of agent - principal, since the choosing of conservative accounting polices must be provided with some economic consequences, the pursuing of economic benefits by different properties makes conservatism has its realistic conditions and objective factors that make it exist

    本文經過論證認為：謹慎性原則是保護和均衡會計信息各產權主體利益的重要體現，謹慎性慣例的產生是會計信息產權制度變遷的產物，其發展動因來自於會計信息產權制度的變遷及其發展變革；另外，從委託代理理論的角度來看，在信息不對稱的現實情況下，謹慎性會計政策的選擇必然會具有一卜加沈運學院mi ：學位淪上摘真定的經濟後果，各個利益關系主體對于相關利益的追求使得謹慎性原則有了其存在的現實條件或客觀因素。
  4. Through an exhaustive analysis about the original condition of the intellectual property rights system and its expansion performance, the author discuss the reason of the expansion, then make an objective appraisal on it ? the expansion has already challenged the embodiment balanced spirit constituted to its system enormously. with joint forces in all sorts of factors ( artificial factor played an major role ), the intellectual property rights has already gradually departed from the rationality goal which embodied in it. and also it has affected to the realization of social public benefit

    在對知識產權制度本身及知識產權權利擴張的表現與原因進行了客觀的分析與評價后，認為知識產權的擴張已經對其制度內蘊的平衡精神構成了極大地挑戰，知識產權在種種因素（其中人為的因素起到了極大的推動作用）的合力下，已經逐漸背離其建立之初的目的理性，並影響到了社會公眾利益的實現。
  5. We apply cost - to - value in accountings field as the index of performance of eso contracts, and then analyze the affecting factors. 3

    我們引入會計學中的「成本?收益比」作為衡量股票期權合約績效的指標，分析影響期權合約績效的因素。
  6. On balance, after weighing these factors, i propose to abolish the tax and will introduce the relevant bill into this council as soon as possible

    因素，權衡輕重，我建議取消遺產稅，並將盡快向立法會提交有關的條例草案
  7. On the basis of the above summary the creativities of the sharing systems of the shanxi merchants are discussed : ( 1 ) concentrating capital was the result of the average division in the form of organizing capital not the foremost motivation, witch was in fact in order to ensure the rights and benefits of shareholders ; ( 2 ) introducing labor - sharing system was the measure which the shanxi merchants adopt to the rise of the price of labor factor relative to that of capital factor in qing dynasty ; the labor - sharing system promoted the increase of profits of the shanxi merchants " enterprises greatly. however, that effectiveness came into existence only in normal condition. if enterprises were into the red or drawing near bankruptcy the labor - sharing system would otherwise steep up the decline of the enterprises

    在此基礎上，對晉商股份制的上述創新進行了討論：集中資本是資本股份化的結果，而不是最初動因，內在動因是維護股東權益；在收益股份化的基礎上，引入頂身股制是清代晉商企業應對勞動要素價值相對提高的舉措；頂身股制極大地促進了晉商企業利潤的增加，但這僅限於企業處于正常經營狀態時，當企業面臨虧損或瀕臨倒閉，頂身股制反而會加速企業的衰亡；晉商產權制度創新（包括產權結構、組織結構的創新）迫於清代晉商企業的內外部條件變化，具體形式的產權制度是創新主體面對環境變化從成本收益角度出發仔細斟酌、權衡的結果。
  8. I, through comparing the research approach to analyze with the case, from culture, legal culture, legal changes and lead legal culture into meaning in which the economic law study set out of culture, on the basis that the theory is analyzed, particular background and reality formed and developed on the basis of the economic law, study and regard power culture and right culture as the economic law culture of two major key elements among them from the standing of angle of legal culture. from the meaning of the culture of economic law at the same time, necessity and feasibility of studying in culture of economic law, economic law characteristic modernity and national characteristic of culture, economic law culture with modern to rule by law civilized angle set about, carry on economic law analysis of culture ; secondly, certain difference exists in formulation and development of chinese and western economic law culture, the development of the culture of western economic law is shown as the cultural transition to power culture of the right rotates. with germany and historical retrospect and review, carry on real example investigate and combine western law sociology ideological trend research and western economic law culture of development, economic law of u. s. a., i inner link, the essence around the culture of eastern economic law is the power culture at the same time, its form of expression is confucian culture, the course of development is shown as the transformation to right culture of power culture, and golden mean culture is the inside information of china ' s economic law culture

    筆者從文化、法律文化、法律文化的沖突與變遷以及經濟法制度的法律文化土壤的思路進行研究，在理論分析的基礎上，基於經濟法形成與發展的特定背景與現實，闡釋經濟法以社會本位為價值取向、以權利與權力均衡為主旨、以平衡協調為內核、以人為終極關懷的內涵;經濟法文化的路徑考察由經濟法文化演進與國家角色的變遷、經濟法嬗變中的平衡協調精神、經濟法文化孕育中的社會本位思潮、經濟法文化熏陶下的經濟法制度催生四個層面展開;經濟法文化的特性表現為現代性和民族性，經濟法文化與現代法治文明的關聯涵蓋兩個方面，挖掘發揚傳統法文化中的合理因素、警惕傳統法文化中不合理因素的侵蝕;由於中西經濟法文化的產生與發展存在一定的差異，西方經濟法文化的發展表現為權利文化向權力文化的過渡轉型，筆者以德國和美國經濟法發展的歷史性回顧與反思進行實證考察並結合西方的法社會學思潮研究與西方經濟法文化的內在聯系，同時圍繞東方經濟法文化進行探析，其表現形式是儒家文化，發展的過程表現為權力文化向權利文化的轉移，其中中庸文化是中國經濟法文化的底蘊。
  9. Trade - off theory loosens its assumptions, considers bankruptcy punishment factors, and introduces the financial distress costs. the financial distress costs become one of the latest issues concerned by the domestic and international scholars

    權衡理論放鬆mm理論的假設，考慮破產懲罰因素的影響，引入財務拮據成本，財務困境成本日漸成為國內外學者關注的熱點問題。
  10. Based on the mm theory, trade off theory, incentive - based theory and asymmetric information - based theory, micro - factors and macro - circumstance, probably influencing financial structure, are put forward. the former includes none - debt tax shield, profitability, asset tangibility, growth, size, business risk, et al. and the latter, tax institution, ownership structure, financial institutions et al

    首先以莫迪利亞尼和米勒模型、權衡理論、激勵理論、不對稱信息理論為理論出發點，提出了可能影響農業上市公司融資結構的微觀因素和宏觀環境因素，前者包括非債務節稅因素、盈利性、資產實質性、成長性、規模、經營風險等，後者包括稅收制度、股權結構、金融體系等。
  11. Everyone, be they rich, of the middle class or poor, should have opportunities to participate ". in this connection, will the government inform this council whether

    不存在所謂的剩餘權力問題" ，而一位內地法律學者則指出： "我們在討論政制發展的時候，仍然要以均衡參與為重要的考慮因素，無論富人中產階級或者窮人都有參與的機會" 。
  12. On the base, the research do some deep analysis in the reason of information manoeuvre rent seeking and the cost effect from that, the thesis consider that correlative policies ' s creating rent, bad investors accumulated and structure of big or small sharers out of balance are the important reason of the information manoeuvre rent seeking so active in stock - market in china, the cost effect of information manoeuvre rent seeking can be divide into three parts - private cost, welfare lose of society, cost of stock market efficiency, the cost of efficiency do most great harm to efficiency construct of stock market

    在此基礎上，通過對證券市場信息操縱成因和社會成本效應分析，得出相關政策體系的創租性、不良投資主體積累，股權結構失衡等因素是我國證券市場信息操縱多發的主要原因，信息操縱尋租成本（私人成本、社會福利成本、市場效率成本）中的市場效率成本對我國證券市場的有效性建設產生了很大負作用
  13. Meanwhile, from the angle of system change, it is proved that the change of factors centering on productive forces, causes the existence of the external profit, which is not available under household responsibility system, thus leading to the need for a new system. this shows that the balance of the previous farmland property rights system has been broken, and there is necessity and inevitability to innovate and perfect the current farmland, property rights. moreover, the reduction of system innovation cost and the increase of anticipated profit add to t

    從制度變遷的角度論證了：由於以生產力為中心的諸項因素發生了變化，導致了家庭承包制下無法取得的「外部利潤」的客觀存在，從而引致了新的制度需求，說明了農地產權制度的原有均衡已被打破，對現行農地產權制度進行創新完善具有了必要性和客觀必然性；而由於制度創新的成本下降、預期收益提高
  14. Nevertheless, in reality, the quality of the functioning is decided by people ' s different value judgments. in the light of the function ancl the change regularity of property rights, the above characteristics of property rights enabl e people to optimize the function and achieve anticipated goals according to certain value standard, by way of adjusting property rights structure and changing its pattern. moreover, as a general introduction of theories of system changes, it is generalized that the causality of the changes is the external profit which is not available under the existing system ; the prerequisite for the occurrence of change is the shifting of the system from balanced situation to unbalanced

    產權功能的上述特點使人們可以依據產權的功能和變動規律，在一定的范圍內通過調整產權結構，改變產權的格局來優化產權的功能，按照一定的價值標準來實現預期的目標；另一方面，作為對制度變遷理論的一般論述，闡明了：制度變遷的誘致因素是在以已有制度安排中無法取得的外部利潤；制度變遷發生的必要前提是制度由均衡狀態到非均衡狀態的轉變；只有當新制度的社會潛在凈效益大於原有制度的社會凈效益、新制度的潛在個別凈效益也大於原有制度的個別凈效益時，才能實現制度需求與制度供給的均衡狀態，制度變遷的過程才會得以完成。
  15. In this paper we continue to analyze the characteristic of our capital market and find out that our capital market has structure shortage of disequilibrium of stock market and bond market, and the internal structure shortage of disequilibrium of the stock market and bond market

    本文繼續分析了我國證券市場的特徵，認為結構性制度缺陷表現為股票市場與債券市場的非均衡、股票市場與債券市場內部的結構性缺陷，成為我國上市公司股權融資偏好的外在因素。
  16. The first part discusses the theoretic connotation and historical evolvement of power, taking the ex planation of power in different times and different countries into account, discussing that " serving people " still is the core tenet for leaders and cadres " coming into power under the greatly changed political and economical circumstances. the second part discusses the issue that how to make use of power correctly, discussing the following issues in turn : the impersonal political and economical circumstances of the use of power ; the four factors which often cause the happening of the mistakes of power - using ; the basic demands n principles and requirements of the use of power, and discusses the fundamental measure of the right use of power - - - - - - the establishment of systems, attaching more importance on the system of cadre and person, the system of decision - making of important matters, the system of supervision. at last the thesis discusses the safeguard of the right use of power - - establishment of professional morality of the leaders and cadres

    第一部分通過論述權力的理論概念及歷史演變，結合古今中外人們對權力的不同解釋，論述了我黨在執政環境發生重大變化的今天，領導幹部掌權用權的核心和宗旨依然是「執政為民」 ；第二部分論述了如何正確行使權力的問題，依次論述了權力行使的客觀政治經濟環境，權力得到正確行使的基本要求，導致權力運行失誤的四種經常性因素，以及保障權力得以正確行使的制衡性原則、公開性原則、法制性原則、自製性原則，並以幹部人事制度、重大問題決策制度與監督制度為重點論述了權力得以正確行使的根本? ?制度建設，最後討論了權力得以正確行使的有力保障? ?領導幹部職業道德建設，分別論述了幹部職業道德建設的主要內容及途徑。
  17. The ways of " characteristic performance " in continental legal system ; 2. the way in british and american legal system, in which it is the judge who will weigh all the factors to find out the laws concerned to administrate that have the closest connection with the care ; 3. the way of combining the doctrine with a country " s sign in the light of 1986 " s # convention on the law applicable to contracts for the international sales of goods #

    文章首先分析了各國接受最密切聯系原則的程度和范圍的不同，指出各國運用最密切聯系原則的方式大致有三：一是大陸法系國家的「特徵性履行」方法；二是英美法系國家，由法官權衡各種相關連結因素，以找出與案件有最密切聯系法律的靈活方法；三是1986年《國際貨物買賣合同法律適用公約》所規定的將最密切聯系原則與固定標志結合運用的方法。
  18. The chapter 2 presents the object of vertical chain how to choose the theory of vertical organization reasonably on the base of judging agent efficiency, technology efficiency, proprietary right and imperfect marketing in the new system economics. at the same time, the theories on the structure of marketing and g. j. stigler ' s theory of survivor technique is also introduced detailed in theory of industry organization

    第二章，介紹新制度經濟學中有關產業縱向鏈的上下游主體在權衡代理效率、技術效率、資產所有權及市場不完善等因素的基礎上如何理性選擇縱向關系的各種理論假設；同時對產業組織理論中的有關市場結構與企業行為及施蒂格勒的「生存技術」等理論也作了較詳細的介紹。
  19. Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms

    通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到：對合作的認識和遵循的指導思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大；在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路；必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預期及產權結構、組織壟斷、規模等因素的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業生產的生物性、地域分散性和生產的隨意性，同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析，農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性，所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。
  20. By overcoming these flaws which the original procedure has and weighing such factors as publicity, fairness and efficiency and etc., china should frame the procedural systems of administrative emergent power reasonably

    我國行政緊急權力的程序制度應當在克服原有程序缺陷，權衡會開、公正、效率等因素基礎上，加以合理設計。
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