次原子粒子 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [cìyuánzilìzi]
次原子粒子 英文
subatomic particle
  • 次 : Ⅰ名詞1 （次序; 等第） order; sequence 2 [書面語] （出外遠行時停留的處所） stopping place on a jou...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 粒 : Ⅰ名 （小圓珠形或小碎塊形物） small particles; grain; granule; pellet Ⅱ量詞（用於粒狀物）
  • 粒子 : grain; granule
  1. The mechanism of the downburst formation was also investigated based on the cloud microphysics of the simulated storm and it was found that this downburst was primarily produced by hail loading, and enhanced by hail melting and rain evaporation. and the loading and the melting of hail played a very important role in producing the downburst. the gale at the surface was caused by the severe downburst

    從雲微物理學角度分析了此次局地性大風的形成原因，認為由高空冰雹粒子的拖曳產生的負浮力作用是促發強下沉氣流產生的主要原因，其次是冰雹的融化和雨水蒸發冷卻對下沉氣流起加速作用，冰雹的拖曳和融化作用對下沉氣流具有決定性的作用。
  2. Secondary radiation is produced when these particles interact with the atoms in the earth s atmosphere

    當這些粒子與地球大氣層的原子互相產生影響時，便會產生次級輻射。
  3. The reason is that charged particles and high - energy photons interact with the rocky shielding material, producing showers of secondary radiation within the meteorite

    原因在於帶電粒子與高能光子會與巖石遮蔽物質交互作用，在隕石內部引發二次輻射的簇射。
  4. It is firstly found that for alloys in metastable region, with enhancement of atomic interaction energy, volume fraction and density of " phase particulate are increased, size and nucle ' ation rate of ordered phase raised, decline pace of composition in disordered matrix around the order phase is accelerated, composition order parameter and long range order parameter of ordered phase increased, i. e. process of clustering and ordering are accelerated

    首次發現，隨著原子間相互作用勢的增加，亞穩區合金中有序相的體積分數和顆粒密度有所增加，有序相的尺寸和形核率有所提高，有序相周圍的無序基體濃度的降低有所加快，有序相內的成分序參數和長程序參數有所提高，即促進了原子簇聚過程和有序化程度。
  5. Several new physics experiments in 1998 were performed and analyzed to showthe subtlety of quantum theory, including the “ wave - particle duality ” and the nonseparability of two - particle entangled s tate. here it is shown that the measurement is bound to change the object by dest roying the original quantum coherence between the object and its environment. so the “ physical reality ” should be defined at two levels, the “ thing in itself ” and the “ thing for us ”. the wave function in quantum mechanics is just playing the role for connecting the two levels of matter via the fictitious measurement

    在1998年完成和分析的幾個新的物理實驗顯示了量子理論的微妙性，包括「波粒二重性」以及二粒子纏結態的不可分性.本文的分析表明：測量在破壞原來存在於客體及其環境間的量子相干性時必然要改變客體.因而「物理實在」應在兩個層次上定義： 「自在之物」與「為我之物」 .量子力學中的波函數則正起了通過「虛擬的測量」將這兩個層次的物質聯系起來的作用
  6. Abstract : several new physics experiments in 1998 were performed and analyzed to showthe subtlety of quantum theory, including the “ wave - particle duality ” and the nonseparability of two - particle entangled s tate. here it is shown that the measurement is bound to change the object by dest roying the original quantum coherence between the object and its environment. so the “ physical reality ” should be defined at two levels, the “ thing in itself ” and the “ thing for us ”. the wave function in quantum mechanics is just playing the role for connecting the two levels of matter via the fictitious measurement

    文摘:在1998年完成和分析的幾個新的物理實驗顯示了量子理論的微妙性，包括「波粒二重性」以及二粒子纏結態的不可分性.本文的分析表明：測量在破壞原來存在於客體及其環境間的量子相干性時必然要改變客體.因而「物理實在」應在兩個層次上定義： 「自在之物」與「為我之物」 .量子力學中的波函數則正起了通過「虛擬的測量」將這兩個層次的物質聯系起來的作用
  7. The ultimate goal of observational cosmology is to capture the entire history of the universe, providing a seamless picture of our descent from a shapeless gas of subatomic particles

    觀測宇宙學的終極目標，是建構宇宙的完整歷史，對于宇宙最早由次原子粒子所構成的無形氣體，提供清晰連貫的圖像。
  8. The cosmic rays are mainly made up of high energy protons, plus some helium nuclei and heavy charged particles and ions, with atomic number equal to or greater than 3

    宇宙射線的主要成份是高能量的質子，其次是氦原子核及少量原子序數3或以上的重粒子和離子。
  9. The cosmic rays are mainly made up of high energy photons, plus some helium nuclei and heavy charged particles and ions, with atomic number equal to or greater than 3

    宇宙射線的主要成份是高能量的質子，其次是氦原子核及少量原子序數3或以上的重粒子和離子。
  10. From the exact expression of the field, we obtain a multipole polynomial expansion, and under the paraxial condition we furthermore obtain the approximate expression. the loffe trap, consisting of two coils with parallel currents and four straight conductors with currents in alternating directions, is one of the most important traps. we specially study the field structure of it by using both the exact expression and a multipole polynomial expansion that facilitates studies of classical or quantum orbits. if the region near the origin is of interest, we may obtain a simple expression of the field and this configuration may be called idealized loffe trap

    若只討論阱中的近原點區域時，阱中的磁場可以呈現出一種簡潔的形式，人們把它稱為理想ioffe阱。磁矩反平行於磁場的中性粒子在阱中與磁場發生相互作用，藉助相互作用勢，可以獲得粒子在阱中的經典運動方程。在一定的近似條件下，我們可以採用逐次近似的方法，使方程簡化，其中三個分量式中關于z的方程比較容易求解，而關于x 、 y的方程則演化為我們熟悉的馬丟方程的形式。
  11. Tio2 / sepiolite and ticvzeolite with high photocatalytic activity have been prepared using sepiolite and zeolite minerals as carrier and the industrial metatitanic acid and the industrial sulfate titanium liquid as the raw materials for the first time. xrd results show that tio2on the sepiolite and zeolite surface were anatase, and the specific surface arrived 255m2 / g and 161m2 / g for tio2 / sepiolite and tio2 / zeolite respectively ; 2

    首次採用工業偏鈦酸、工業濃鈦液為原料，天然海泡石、沸石為載體，制備出具有光催化活性的復合材料；沉積在海泡石或沸石表面的tio _ 2粒子晶型為銳鈦型；製成的tio _ 2海泡石、 tio _ 2沸石復合物比表面積分別達到255m ~ 2 g 、 161m ~ 2 g ； 2
  12. This part emphasizes the synthesis of nanoarrays, aiming at controlling the size and distance of nanocrystallites using calixarene derivatives by altering the size, length and chemical structure of the organic molecules ; 2. this part emphasizes in situ synthesis strategy for fabrication of polymer network of zns based nanopowder, aiming at size controls, coating and preventing agglomeration following " one - pot " synthesis ; this method fits to low cost, large scale production ; 3. according to development in zno nanomaterials, we first report on the synthesis, characterization of amorphous zno, aiming at describing the principles and approaches of synthesis techniques, optical properties, spatial structure and doped effect ; the amorphous zno displays cage - like structure, showing a strong ultraviolet emission while the visible emission is nearly fully quenched, a potential uv - emission material ; 4

    本論文以量子結構自組裝為出發點，提出利用杯芳烴及其衍生物的化學受限反應實現尺寸可調半導體納米粒子自組裝；提出有機聚合網路原位組裝zns基納米熒光粉方法，把熒光粉的納米化、包敷、防團聚在「一鍋」反應中完成，適于低成本，批量生產；根據當前zno的研究情況，我們首次合成了非晶zno ，研究了它的光學性質，確定了它的結構，並對其摻雜進行了初步的研究，非晶zno表現出強的深紫外發光特性，而可見發射非常弱，是一種有巨大潛在應用價值的深紫外發光材料；利用非晶zno的亞穩特性，對晶化過程中非晶zno納米晶zno三維受限量子結構特性，界面特性進行了深入的研究；利用固相熱分解一般受擴散控制特性，實現了尺寸可控的zno三維量子結構的自組裝；利用非晶zno的高度分散性，容易均勻成膜特性，實現了非晶籽晶誘導低溫液相外延自組裝生長高取向zno晶體薄膜。
  13. Photooxidation process of volatile organic compounds and gas / particle partitioning process of their photooxidation products are very important on formation of secondary organic aerosols

    揮發性有機化合物的光氧化過程和光氧化產物的氣態粒子態均分過程是二次有機氣溶膠形成的重要原因。
  14. When scientists first turned their attention to subatomic particles, including cosmic rays, they used a device called a cloud chamber to study them

    科學家們首次將注意力轉向亞原子微粒（包括宇宙射線） ，並使用一種名為「雲室」的裝置對其進行研究。
  15. Physicists cannot see subatomic particles directly, for instance, so they verify their existence by watching for telltale tracks that the particles leave in cloud chambers

    例如物理學家無法直接觀察次原子粒子，因此他們觀察那些粒子在雲霧室中的軌跡，軌跡證實它們的存在，並透露了它們的性質。
  16. But, pso convergence ' s speed become slow in latter iterative phase, and pso is easy to fall into local optimization. at present, some scholars improve base pso mostly using 3 methods : disperse algorithm, increase convergence speed, enhance particle ' kinds. in the paper, i put forward 2 methods aiming at local best resutl but not whole best result. i modify base pso using the last method. some scholars put forward times initializations, so i select best result after circulating some times to be a parameter of formula. first, put particle into some small region, and ensure every region having one paticle at least. second, every region ' s particle has probability transfer other regions. although increase running time, enhance particle ' kinds, decrese the probability of convergence far from whole best result. nerms ( network educational resource management system ) is one of the research projects in the science and technology development planning of jilin province. the aim of nerms is to organize and manage various twelve kinds of network educational resources effectively so that people can share and gain them easily and efficiently, so as to quicken the development of network education

    但粒子群演算法仍存在如下不足:首先在多峰的情況下，粒子群有可能錯過全局最優解，遠離最優解的空間，最終得到局部最優解;其次在演算法收斂的情況下，由於所有的粒子都向最優解的方向群游，所有的粒子趨向同一，失去了粒子間解的多樣性，使得後期的收斂速度明顯變慢，同時演算法收斂到一定精度時，演算法無法繼續優化，本文對原始粒子群演算法提出了二點改進方案: 1 .演算法迭代到一定代數后，把此時找到的全局最優解當作速度更新公式的另一參數（本文稱之為階段最優解）再進行迭代; 2 .每次迭代過程中除最優解以外的每個粒子都有一定概率「變異」到一個步長以外的區域，其中「變異」的粒子在每一維上都隨機生成一個步長。
  17. When cosmic rays enter the atmosphere, they interact with nitrogen, oxygen and other atoms in the upper atmosphere and produce a large assortment of secondary particles, including radionuclides such as tritium and carbon - 14, neutrons, protons, electrons, mu

    宇宙射線進入地球大氣層后，會與大氣高層的氮氧等原子核發生反應，產生氚碳- 14等放射性核素及中子質子電子介子介子等次級粒子。
  18. When cosmic rays enter the atmosphere, they interact with nitrogen, oxygen and other atoms in the upper atmosphere and produce a large assortment of secondary particles, including radionuclides ( such as tritium and carbon - 14 ), neutrons, protons, electrons, mu

    宇宙射線進入地球大氣層后，會與大氣高層的氮、氧等原子核發生反應，產生氚、碳- 14等放射性核素及中子、質子、電子、介子、介子等次級粒子。
  19. This is because although atoms and subatomic particles are the building blocks of matter, when analyzing the universe on large scales one finds that the dominant force becomes gravity - - which is described using einstein ' s general theory of relativity

    這是因為盡管原子和次原子粒子是建構物質的塊，當大范圍分析宇宙在時候，一個人就會發現支配力變為引力?它用愛因斯坦的廣義相對論來描述。
  20. As an example, general relativity is unable to explain what will happen if a subatomic particle hits the singularity of a black hole which is a phenomenon predicted by general relativity and involves gravity in the macro world

    如例，廣義相對論就不能結解釋如果一個次原子粒子偶然碰上黑洞的奇異所要發生的，廣義相對論預言了這個現象而牽涉宏觀世界引力。
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