比例常數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐlìchángshǔ]
比例常數 英文
constant of proportionality
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  • 比例 : 1. （長度上縮小和放大的倍數） scale; scaling 2. （比率） proportion; ratio; proportionality
  1. These proportions are referred to many times during a study of colour television engineering.

    在探討彩色電視技術時，經常要提到這些比例系數。
  2. On one hand, numerical derivatives provide proper search directions in optimization, therefore their accuracy is of great importance for fast convergency. on the other hand, derivative evaluation is one of the most time - consuming steps in optimization

    當前的高性能數學規劃演算法大都依賴于導數計算以快速收斂到最優點，所以對求導精度的要求比較高；而導數計算所消耗的時間占優化時間的比例又非常的大。
  3. The proportionality constant, h, is known as the hubble constant and quantifies how fast space is stretching ? not just around us but around any observer in the universe

    其中的比例常數h ，就是所謂的哈伯常數，它可以把空間向外延伸的快慢予以量化，不只針對我們周遭，也適用於宇宙中所有觀測者的周圍。
  4. Abstract : since the multiple failures situation is not uncommon in the clinical medicine, we explore the use of proportional odds model to the multivariate interval - censored data. the approach is based on the conditional logistic regression, which prevents the complications in the existence of nuisance parameters. the estimation of parameters is obtained by the newton - raphson algorithm. the sandwith estimator for the covariance is made according to the situation where there is correlation in the score statistic. simulations are also presented to assess the accuracy of the procedure

    文摘:探索比例優勢模型在臨床醫學中常見的多結局區間截斷數據中的應用.用條件的邏輯回歸方法避免討厭參數的估計，用牛頓-拉普森演算法估計回歸系數，用"夾心方差"估計量作為參數方差的估計.通過隨機模型檢驗模型應用的有效性
  5. Segregation ratios of most of markers fit expected ratios. this result showed that most of the region of m. xiaojinesis ' s and m. baccata ' s genome segregated normally

    絕大多數的標記（ 1048 ，占總數的93 . 1 ）的分離比例適合各自分離比的期望值，表明小金海棠和山定子基因組的大部分區域是正常分離的。
  6. One class classification is a machine learning approach different from the traditional pattern recognition approach where two or more class samples are required. however in some real - life cases, we can hardly, even not, get the samples of some classes, or have to pay costly price to obtain the so - needed samples, such as in the case of machinery malfunction. and while in other cases, the sizes of samples among classes are imbalance, such as medical diagnosis

    單類分類器是不同於傳統模式識別的一種機器學習方法，傳統模式識別方法一般需要多個類別的樣本（至少兩個） ，而在有些場合中，幾乎無法獲取多類的樣本，或者獲取其樣本所需花費的代價非常高，比如：機器故障中我們不可能為了去獲得故障樣本而讓機器特意產生故障；又有些場合的類別樣本個數嚴重不平衡，比如醫學上的疾病特徵與非疾病特徵的比例是嚴重不平衡的。
  7. Based on general fuzzy controller, the thesis gives how the controller ' s performance is influenced by factors of proportionality, membership function and defuzzification method

    以常規模糊控制器設計為基礎，探討了量化因子和比例因子、隸屬函數、非模糊化方法等對控制器控制性能的影響。
  8. The study shows that the early and late seed rains of constructive tree species in evergreen broadleaved forest at chongqing simian mountain had no activity. the bigger the seeds of the species and the earlier or later the seeds of the species matured, the higher the proportion of the seed rain damaged by animals. the quantitative variation of seed rain, active seed rain and seed bank did not take place at the same time. at early time, the number of seed banks of castanopsis fargesii, lithocarpus glabra, quercus myrsinrefolia, castanopsis plasyacantha, cinamomum subavenium. which own more active seed rain increased by geomitric series. the seed banks of castanopsis orthacantha and schima argentea were small, only survived a short time, and did not sprout next year. the quantitative dynamics of seed banks and their increasing or decreasing rates were decided by the proportion damaged by animals, dying speed of seeds and their resistance to pathogens and adverse circumstances, and the state of seed germination

    對重慶四面山常綠闊葉林建群種種子雨、種子庫的研究表明，建群種早期和晚期的種子雨無活力;種子偏早或偏晚成熟及大籽粒的樹種，其種子雨被取食的比例大;種子雨、有活力種子雨、種子庫三者的數量變化不一致;有活力種子雨量較大的栲、石櫟、小葉青岡、扁刺栲、香桂等，其種子庫密度在早期以近幾何級數的方式增長，元江栲、銀木荷種子庫小，存在時間短，翌年無一年生萌發苗;種子庫數量動態、消減率動態決定於種子被取食的強度、種子衰老的速度以及種子對病菌、逆境的抗性和種子萌發的整齊性
  9. The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either

    在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。
  10. If that is correct, subtracting the current - account surplus ( presumably one of china ' s more accurate numbers since it consists of trade with other countries ) from that figure would imply a less hair - raising investment rate of 37 % of gdp

    如果這個數據是正確的，那麼從中減去經常帳戶贏余（因其需同其他國家貿易有關數據保持一致故被認為是中國較為可信的數據之一）就意味著投資比例佔gdp的37 % ，這個數據就沒有那麼令人毛骨悚然了。
  11. The second part studies optimal pure proportional navigation ( ppn ), with time - dependent gain of navigation to maneuvering target based on proportional navigation theory. optimal gain of navigation is constant for ppn without maneuvering ; based on this, solution of time - dependent gain of navigation is given by iteration approach, and the time required for capture is given, the times of iteration is decided by comparing this time with the iteration step

    對目標機動的追逃問題，考慮導航增益可為任意實數，且隨時間和初始條件改變，這一思想是建立在目標非機動的純比例導引制導規律，最佳導航增益為常數的基礎之上，利用迭代的方法，給出了時變的導航增益的求解方法，並給出了實現捕獲所需的時間，用此時間與迭代步長進行比較，判定迭代次數。
  12. The time is measured by a high - speed counter ; and since t and u are constant, the counter holds a value that is proportional to the input voltage

    這個時間通過一個高速計數器來測量，由於t和u都是常數，計數器所計的數就與輸入電壓成比例。
  13. Students should be able to compare and contrast the common types of communication links ( e. g. modem dialup or cable modem, leased line, broadband and wireless, etc. ) for internet access in terms of data transfer rate, cost, and reliability

    5學生應能就數據傳送速率、成本及可靠程度等方面去比較及對比常用通訊連路種類，例如數據機撥接、電纜數據機、專線、寬帶及無線等。
  14. Where h is the proportional constant,

    公式中的h是一個比例常數，我們稱之為
  15. The meanings of resolution and scale are similar, but scale is usually comprehended as multiple of scale down, and resolution as behaving power of detail or precision

    摘要比例尺與解析度是兩個相似的概念，但比例尺通常被理解為縮小倍數，而解析度則通常被理解為細節表現力或精細度。
  16. Pure cdte films have high electrical resistivity and are slightly p - type, due to the formation of cd vacancies in the cdte lattice acting as acceptor centers. the sheet resistivity of films are about 1010 ? / ?. the sheet hole concentration is 105 - 6 / cm2 and the hall mobility is about hundreds cm2 / v. s. the structural and electrical properties of cdte films doped te are markedly different from pure cdte films

    ，面載流子濃度約105 - 6 / cm2 ，載流子遷移率為幾百cm2 / v . s ；摻雜te元素后，薄膜衍射峰強增大，薄膜結構上出現了第二種相成分?六方結構的te ，由衍射峰強判斷該相比例較小，同時cdte薄膜的衍射峰向低角度偏移，晶格< wp = 5 >常數增大。
  17. Abstract : the sample breakdown point of a test is defined as the smallest proportion of arbitrary outlier in the sample that reverses the test decision. in this paper, wegive the sample breakdown point of a test for maximum likelihood estimate of exponential distribution parameter and analyze the asymptotically normal characteristic of the sample breakdown point

    文摘:如何量化一種統計方法對異常值的不敏感性一直是穩健統計研究的一個重要課題.檢驗的樣本崩潰點是樣本中能逆轉判決的離群值的最小比例.在研究相關文獻的基礎上，計算出指數分佈參數極大似然估計檢驗的樣本崩潰點，並分析了樣本崩潰點的漸近正態性，為量化統計方法的穩健性提供了一種新的途徑
  18. To accept the current signal from high negative voltage circuit, the analog ground is raised to a certain positive voltage, which makes it possible for the signal amplitude to be compressed at the same time of its polarity reversion. a pi control program special for laser gyro current control is brought forward according to the conventional pid control method, in which the control signal is figured out corresponding to the difference between the sample and the reference value by turn of proportion - short step integral - long step integral. and at the end of this paper, a comparison of system performance on different conditions is made and the key elements influencing system performance are educed

    利用集成a / d 、 d / a轉換器的新型晶元aduc824 ，實現了電流（電壓）采樣?數據處理?電流控制的閉環控制結構；地電位的抬升解決了a / d轉換器對負高壓迴路電流采樣時的輸入范圍匹配問題；控制信號反相的同時進行幅度壓縮，使得輸出調整電壓的解析度提高；根據常規的比例?積分?微分（ pid ）調節模型，針對陀螺系統的特性，給出了一種可以滿足系統要求、據采樣值偏差大小進行的比例?大步長積分?小步長積分、分層次比例?積分演算法；不同條件下系統穩流性能的對比、分析在論文最後給出，並據此找出了決定該系統穩流精度的關鍵因素，提出了系統的改進意見。
  19. The flexible retaining structure is another important retaining structure in soft soil. the integrated numerical analysis of this retaining structure ( including the methods and theory of calculating active earth pressure under sorts of conditions as well as the calculating method of horizontal stiffness coefficient of bracing structure and the method of deciding boundary condition etc. ) was gived. the effect of all parameters on the characteristics of retaining structure was discussed using methods of sensitivity - analysis

    本文針對目前常用的彈性支點法，給出了完整的數值分析方法，包括各種條件下的墻後土壓力的計算方法和原理、支撐系統（或錨拉系統）水平剛度系數的計算、邊界條件的確定方法等，並以此為基礎採用靈敏度系數分析方法討論了各參數對圍護結構形態的影響，指出土體側向基床比例系數是影響圍護結構變形的最主要的參數。
  20. Through simulation and calculating the four models, the influence on proportion coefficient, integral time constant, derivative time constant and partial feedback coefficient for system performance is analyzed. the ideal reference value of every parameters and step respond curves are given. the simulation result may be used as reference for making analogue controller or digital controller

    通過對這四種模型的模擬研究，分析了各模型中比例系數、積分時間常數，微分時間常數及局部反饋系數對系統性能的影響，並給出了各參數較為理想的參考值及階躍響應曲線，模擬結果對製作模擬控制器及數字控制器有一定的借鑒作用。
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