比熱流 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bǐrèliú]
比熱流
英文
heattransfer rate-
Steady-state heat flow is comparable to the flow of an incompressible fluid.
穩態熱流和不可壓縮流體的流動可相比擬。Also the theoretical basis of the method have been checked through simple deducing simulation and the influences of various physical parameters on the method have been studied. it is shown that the method is theoretically reliable for the production oil wells without very high production rate and is more suitable in field production for oil wells ( i ) in area with bigger geothermal gradient ; ( ii ) producing fluids ( oil and water ) with distinguish thermal characteristics ; ( iii ) producing oil with lower heat capacity or water with higher heat capacity ; ( iv ) with good surface measurement accuracy, as well as the method h as certain requirements on the accuracy of the temperature and flowmeter logs sensors
就該產出剖面方法的理論基礎進行了簡單的正演模擬和可能影響該方法的各項物理參數進行了全面的考察，結果表明，該方法對于非高產的生產油井來說在理論上是可靠的，在實際生產中適合於（ 1 ） 、油井所在地區地溫梯度較大的油井； （ 2 ） 、油水熱特性差別較大的油井； （ 3 ） 、油比熱容值偏低水比熱容值偏高的油井； （ 4 ） 、井口計量精度較高的油井，並且對井溫測井和流量測井的傳感性精度有一定的要求。To calculate this boundary parameter, mohorovicic discontinuity palaeo - heat flow value during basin evolution process is identified through geotectonic background analogy method based on " peeling " method model, and the basin basement palaeo - heat flow is calculated through inversion from today to antiquity with current tectonic structure as constraint condition for palaeo - crustal architecture analogy
為了求取這個邊界參數，以「剝層」法模型為基礎，通過大地構造背景類比法確定盆地演化過程中莫霍面古熱流值，以現今地殼結構為約束條件類比古地殼結構，從今至古反演求取了盆地基底的古熱流。The tests were conducted in the hypersonic low density wind tunnel at nominal test conditions of mach 16, stagnation temperature 923k, stagnation pressure 1. 40mpa and 7. 30mpa. heat - transfer data were obtained on a hemisphere model, a sharp cone and a big blunt cone respectively by means of infrared thermal mapping techniques, that of a 0. 5mm thickness blunt cone by virtues of thermocouples. furth ermore, heat - transfer on all those models was calculated with the theoretical method
最後在名義m _ = 16 、 t _ 0 = 923k 、 p _ 0 = 1 . 40mpa及7 . 30mpa的高超聲速低密度風洞中，利用紅外熱圖技術獲得了半球圓柱、尖錐、大鈍頭三個模型表面熱流分佈，利用薄壁法技術得到了一壁厚為0 . 5mm的鈍錐模型表面的熱流分佈，並通過工程理論方法計算了模型表面的氣動熱，把理論計算結果與上述試驗結果比較，幾者符合得較好。The comparison demonstrates the reliability of s2df. heat flux distribution was simulated using flow / heat transfer coupling method and was compared with the experiment result
接著利用本文提出的流/熱耦合方法計算了葉表熱流率分佈並與實驗結果比較。The relations between the parameters of gas charging and exhausting, heat quantity through the shell of tube ( q ), the length of the tube ( l ), the ratio of gas charging time to gas exhausting time ( ), the frequency of the jet flow ( f ), the ratio of the expansion ( ), the nature of thermal separator and the unsteady flow in the tube were established
建立了進、排氣參數、管壁散熱量（ q ） 、管長（ l ） 、充、排氣時間比（ ） 、射流頻率（ f ） 、膨脹比（ ）等參數與熱分離機性能及管內非定常流動的關系，並分析了有關因素對熱分離機性能的影響。It is very difficult to analyze flame radiation in the cylinder of a diesel engine by theoretical method since flame radiation is a function of many parameters, such as the combustion process, the geometrical description of the chamber, the soot formation and oxidation processes, the soot radiant temperature and soot absorption coefficient. the radiant property of the flame in a cylinder is dependent on the combustion process. but the thermodynamic state of real engine cycles can be analyzed from the pressure - volume diagrams in the cylinder. thus a new thermodynamic computational model is set up for the flame radiation in the cylinder of a diesel engine based on the indirect relationship between the flame radiation and the pressure - volume diagram of the combustion process in this paper. the flame radiant heat flux in the cylinder of a di diesel engine is calculated with the variation of crank angle by this model. compared with measured values, the result of the computational values shows the model is available to represent the effects of flame radiation
柴油機缸內的火焰輻射受諸多因素的影響，用理論分析法來確定它是相當困難的，由於柴油機缸內火焰輻射特性依賴于缸內的燃燒過程，而燃燒過程中的實際熱力狀態又可用示功圖來分析，因此藉助於火焰輻射與缸內熱力參數之間的這種間接關系，建立了一種計算柴油機缸內火焰輻射傳熱的新模型，利用該模型對一臺直噴柴油機缸內火焰輻射熱流量隨曲軸轉角的變化情況進行了計算，將計算結果與實測結果進行了比較，表明該模型能較好預測缸內火焰輻射傳熱量。Abstract : approximate methods for calculating aerodynamic heating rates on space shuttles are discussed. various methods are given for predicting the heating rate at axisymmetric stagnation points, general three dimensional stagnationpoints and the leading edge stagnation point of wings. numerous laminar and turbulent heating techniques for flat plates and cones are analyzed and compared. a brief review of some methods is presented to predict heating rate for winward centerline and lateral direction off the symmetry plane. the results show that the methods are simpler and can guarantee enought precision for predicting aerodynamic heating environment of space shuttles
文摘:介紹了國內外預測航天飛機氣動加熱的工程計算方法.給出了軸對稱、非軸對稱和機翼前緣等各種外形駐點熱流密度的計算，分析和比較了平板、錐體的層流和湍流熱流密度計算的各種方法，概述了航天飛機迎風面中心線和離開中心線橫向熱流密度的計算.計算結果表明，本文方法用在航天飛機氣動熱環境初步設計中比較簡單並且有足夠精度In this condition heat convection inside and outside of tube are coupled. coefficient of convective heat transfer inside and outside of tube gotten through such way compare with coefficient of convective heat transfer inside and outside of tube gotten through by electricity. for comparability between this two condition, the average heat flux on the tube must be equal for this two condition
這種情況下管內外對流換熱是藕合的，得到的管內外對流換熱系數分別與電加熱管道壁面的邊界條件下管內和管外流動的對流換熱系數相對比，為了使他們具有可比性，我們規定在這兩種邊界條件下通過管子的平均熱流密度相等。The coupled effect is analyzed for an elliptical inhomogeneity under plane uniform loads and linear temperature change at infinity. the complex potentials are obtained for an elliptical inhomogeneity under plane uniform mechanical loading, uniform temperature change and uniform heat flow directed at any angle. the discussion is also given to the variation of the interfacial stresses with thermal parameters
分析了無窮遠平面加載和線性溫變的耦合效應，獲得了橢圓夾雜體在無窮遠平面均勻加載和均勻升溫以及任意方向的均勻熱流共同作用下的復勢解答，並討論了界面應力隨各熱載參數的變化規律，發現基體導熱性能越好（與夾雜相比） ，界面應力幅值越大。In contrast with conventional thermo - ionic cathode, field emitter array ( fea ) cathode has many special advantages, such as room - temperature operation without a cathode heater, high current density, low power dissipation, excellent on / off isolation characteristics and instant turn - on characteristics
與傳統的熱陰極相比，場發射陣列陰極具有許多獨特的優點，如無需加熱，可以在室溫下工作;電流密度比熱陰極高幾個數量級，並可工作在低電壓調制下;功耗低;極好的開關特性;可瞬時啟動等。The following is the experimental investigations on solidification process of stearic acid. the influences which the inlet temperature and reynolds number of the cooling water have on the solidification process are presented. figures that display how heat flux change versus time has been drawn and analyzed
然後是硬脂酸凝固問題的實驗研究，分析了換熱流體進口溫度、換熱流體re數大小對凝固過程的影響，繪制了凝固過程中熱流密度變化曲線，比較了螺旋肋肋寬對強化傳熱效果的影響。To prove the accuracy of the mach number, and the parameter homogeneity of the design nozzle " s exit, cfd calculate has carried on the design results. under the condition of supersonic and hypersonic flow, and a certain range of temperature, and mach number, the conclusion of the influence of specific heat to nozzle design is drawn
為了驗證所設計的噴管出口馬赫數的大小和噴管出口流場的均勻性，採用nnd格式和b l湍流模型求解雷諾平均n - s方程，對設計結果進行了cfd驗算，得出了在一定溫度范圍內，超音速、高超聲速流動的條件下，不同馬赫數范圍內變比熱容對噴管型面和噴管出口馬赫數的影響。The demonstration of heat - transfer measuring techniques and prospect of infrared thermal mapping techniques, main parts and performance indexes of a infrared camera, functional blocks and implementation of infrared processing software, experimental facility and measuring system of the wind tunnel has been made. the model emittance was experimentally determined and the three methods correcting directional emittance were compared. those problems of the infinite - slab model thickness and constant wall heat rates hypothesis, the determination of adiabatic wall temperature were discussed in a 1 - d heat conduction analysis
本文對紅外熱圖測熱技術與應用前景、紅外熱像儀主要部件與性能指標、紅外測熱數據處理軟體功能模塊與實現、風洞試驗設備與測量系統等進行了論述，測量了模型表面發射率並對發射率隨極角變化的三種修正方法進行了對比，對一維熱傳導分析中模型壁厚半無限假設、壁面熱流定常假設、絕熱壁溫選取等進行了探討。Ln chapter 4, imbalanced counterflow of indirect evaporative cooling is simulated while taking into account the non - linearity of the saturation line of moist air. four diagrams are provided to assist in determination of the optimum heat capacity ratio
第四章針對蒸發冷卻過程中飽和濕空氣比熱容隨溫度的非線性變化關系，研究了非平衡流逆流間接蒸發冷卻過程（火用）損失及最佳熱容量比的計算線圖。Increasing scale of integration and consumption of power has led to the significant increase in power densities encountered in modern electronic equipment. if we do not pay attention to the thermal management of electronic equipment, the large amount of heat generated by the electronic device would not be under the control. especially in some atrocious surroundings, some devices " working temperature would exceed the rated temperature limit and lead to deteriorate the system stabilization or even make the hole system disabled
現代電子設備的集成度不斷提高、功耗不斷加大，使得熱流密度急劇上升，如果我們在設計階段不注重電子設備的散熱設計，那麼元件所產生的熱流將得不到有效控制，特別是在工作環境比較惡劣或電子設備比較復雜的情況下某些元件的工作溫度就有可能上升到導致整個電子系統的工作不穩定乃至失效。In this paper, a image processing method has been presented, with this method mean temperature of testing object can be arrived at from infrared picture and the interior temperature gradient of the test pieces in the situation of transient heat transfer can be got. unsteady - state heat transfer mechanism of wall has also been studied in this paper. on the basis of theoretical analysis and experimental study we can get such conclusions : infrared testing of energy conservation of buildings is rapider and more accurate than heat - flow meter method which is popular at present ; heat transfer mechanism in the situation of unsteady - state heat transfer has been analyzed through experiment ; the interior layers ’ temperature of the test pieces ascent in company with
本文在理論分析和試驗研究的基礎上得出以下結論:本文研究的紅外檢測建築節能的方法比目前存在的熱流計法更快速、更準確;用試驗分析了墻體在非穩態傳熱情況下的傳熱機理;試件各層溫度隨著受熱面環境溫度的上升而上升，只是上升的程度不同，響應時間不同，這是由於試件內部有一個蓄熱過程;通過傳熱理論和建築熱工計算推導出了非穩態傳熱情況下的傳熱系數的計算公式;本文用matlab進行紅外圖片的處理，進而得到被測物的平均溫度;用數據處理軟體擬合溫度熱流。According to the working condition of electronic element, a testing system established to test the temperature variety of the electronic element surface on several kinds of radiator which designed on different structure under different working condition. on the basic of the experimental results, integrated theoretical model established which include three part : heat simulation copper block, two - phase closed thermosyphon and heat sink
根據電子器件的運行工況，建立了散熱器性能測試系統，並對所設計的不同型式的熱管型電子器件散熱器進行了在不同工況下的性能實驗，比較了在熱流密度、風速、風溫等實驗工況發生改變的情況下各型式的熱管型電子器件散熱器中電子器件表面溫度的變化規律。The coupled turbulent flow field and temperature field are simulated by finite element method ; the influence of casting speed on the turbulent flow field and temperature field in the melting bath and the interaction between those two field are analyzed ; the variation tendency of the heat flux intensity between the melting bath and casting roll and law of variation with changes of casting speed in the process of solidification are given ; a comparison between the simulation results and experimental results demonstrates their good agreement ; and the mechanism of the heat flux variation is identified by analysis on the temporature gradient and development of solidification within the melting bath and its influence on the variation of the heat flux intensity
採用有限元法模擬了雙輥鑄軋不銹鋼過程的流熱耦合問題;分析了鑄軋速度對熔池內流場、溫度場的影響以及流場與溫度場之間的相互影響;給出了凝固過程中熔池與鑄軋輥之間的熱流密度變化趨勢及隨鑄軋速度的變化規律，並把此模擬的結果與試驗的結果相比較，吻合較好;通過熔池內溫度場及溫度梯度分析了熔池內凝固的發展及其對熱流密度變化的影響。3 ) a novel martensitic transformation kinetics model for sma is proposed based on the phenomenological description of the martensitic transformation heat flow - temperature curve and on the linear relationship between the partial derivatives with respect to the temperature of martensite fraction and of gbbis free energy. numerical simulations by utilizing the proposed model are closer to experimental results than those from other models
3 ）基於對馬氏體相變熱流-溫度實驗曲線的唯象模擬，以及馬氏體體積分數與熱力勢對溫度偏導數之間的線性關系，建立了一種新的馬氏體相變動力學模型，並與其他模型及實驗結果進行了比較。分享友人