水平對比法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐpíngduìbǐfǎ]
水平對比法 英文
benchmarking
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 水平 : 1. （跟水面平行的） horizontal;level2. （達到的高度） standard; level
  1. In the end, cluster - analysis - based floating control historical regression method with uniform precipitation and atmospheric precipitable water as metoorological covariates could more validly evaluate efficiency of cloud seeding operations and significant level of ca - fcm method was higher than the other methods, because it adopted cluster analysis which highly improved the correlativity between rainfall distributions in the control area and target area, and used grid interpolation which enhanced exactness of calculating precipitation rainfall, and chose atmospheric precipitable water as the covariant which increased the inferential accuracy of natural rainfall on the cloud seeding operational area

    最後，得到以降水量和整層大氣可降水量為協變量的ca - fcm方法，由於採用聚類分析（ ca ）方法，提高了對比區和影響區相關性；採用網格插值技術提高了雨量的計算準確度；引入了不受催化影響的物理協變量（整層大氣可降水量） ，提高了作業區自然降水量估計值的準確性；所以評估效果最好，顯著水平高於0 . 05 。
  2. Design method of farm machine products drop behind the one of manufactured products. to make our country ' s design and manufacturing technology of dead stock to achieve the standard of developed country, to develop parallel with other machine manufacture, this article introduce cad, optimization design, computer simulation technique into the design of the ditcher, to make its design more reasonable, much higher quality to bring social benefit, economic benefit, ecological significance

    我國農業機械產品的設計方法相對工業產品來說比較落後，為了使我國農機設計製造技術達到發達國家水平，與其它機械製造業平行發展，本文將計算機輔助設計、優化設計、計算機模擬技術引用到該機具的設計中，使該機具的設計更合理、更高質，使它盡快地產生社會效益、經濟效益、生態效益。
  3. Cluster analysis by upgma methods indicated that these five stocks might be divided into three clusters. results of rapd a nalysis suggested that extensive genetic diversity was detected in this species and the genetic divergence among stocks was relatively high ; upgma phylogenetic tree showed there existed three geographic populations of p. polyactis in the yellow sea and the east china sea, which supported the previous conclusion by morphological and ecological methods. part two : the genetic diversity between trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus random amplified polymorphic dna ( rapd ) technique was applied to 12 individuals from each species of the hairtail fishes trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus collected from the yellow sea

    50一2 . 44 ） ，群體內和群體間的遺傳變異比例分別為69 %和31 % ;群體間的平均遺傳相似度和遺傳距離分別為0 . 9139和o . q861 ;用非加權配對算數平均法（ unweightedpair - groupmethodofari山m七tiome即s ， upgma ）聚類分析的結果表明，所分析的5個群體可被分為3個地理群系，從分子水平上支持了過去有關學者把黃海和東海的小黃魚劃分為北中南3個地理群系的觀點。
  4. The research emphasizes compare of techo - economy about second disinfection measure and point ultraviolet disinfection tank, automatic clean disinfection facility are more adaptive disinfection measures by compare of mechanism, effect, equipment, technical demand, management level about ultraviolet, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorous, ozone, micro - electrolyze

    著重研究二次消毒措施的技術經濟比較，通過對紫外線消毒、二氧化氯消毒、次氯酸鈉消毒、臭氧消毒、微電解消毒這幾種消毒方法消毒機理、效果、消毒設備、技術要求、管理水平等方面的比較，指出紫外線消毒水箱、自潔消毒器消毒是比較合適的消毒措施。
  5. The first one : fitting together ultimate values of every dimensions in one dimension - chain one by one, educing many equations by itself, calculating results, and comparing these results of close dimension to find maximal and minimal values. the second one : projecting all dimensions on two preestablished axis, then providing the solutions to analyze whether every projected dimensions is increscent or decreasing, and synthesize the effect of every projected dimensions to close dimension, educing many equations by itself, at last calculating the result of close dimension. the third one : according to monte carlo analysis, getting every dimensions " values from every dimensions " tolerances at random time after time, simulating the actual circumstances of mass production using these dimensions, and calculating reasonable results of close dimension economically

    鑒于這類系統在各大中小型企業的廣泛應用與相對滯后的研究水平，本文提出了三種新的能切實地解決目前尺寸鏈計算機輔助分析解算中存在的各種難題的設計方案，第一種方案將尺寸鏈中各組成環能取的極值組合起來，自動列方程組，求解每個組合情況下的封閉環尺寸，最後比較這些結果，得出封閉環的最大最小值；第二種方案將尺寸鏈各組成環向預先設定好的兩個方向投影，之後再分析各尺寸環投影分量的增減性，並且提供了組成環兩個方向上的投影分量增減性不一的復雜情況下的解決辦法，綜合組成環各投影分量的增減性，然後自動列出方程組，最後根據各組成環的投影分量以及所列的方程組來確定尺寸鏈封閉環的尺寸；第三種方案以蒙特卡洛法為原理，在尺寸鏈各組成環的取值范圍內使用計算機產生大量隨機數，模擬實際大批量生產中的零件尺寸分佈情況，以更經濟更合理的方式分析、計算封閉環尺寸。
  6. This article obtains from the research technology progress to economy rate of rise contribution degree, the use " the charles w. cobo and paul howard douglas production function " and " solow function " unifies the technology progress to the northern tianshan slope economic belt economy rate of rise contribution degree to make the theoretical analysis and the real diagnosis discussion, analyzes this region technology progress development through computation different time technology progress contribution degree the dynamic behavior, through compares each interurban technology progress contribution degree difference condition analysis promotion technology progress level to enhance intrinsic machine - made and the external environment, by tendency angle research technology progress condition and influence factor, thus hinders the northern tianshan slope economic belt technology progress factor, and the ponder countermeasure, accelerates the northern tianshan slope economic belt technology progress, the promotion economy growth provides the reference.

    本文從研究技術進步對經濟增長速度的貢獻度入手，採用「柯布-道格拉斯生產函數」和索洛「增長速度方程」相結合的方法就技術進步對天山北坡經濟帶經濟增長速度的貢獻度做出理論分析和實證探討，通過計算不同時期的技術進步貢獻度來分析本區域技術進步發展的動態行為，通過比較各城市間的技術進步貢獻度差異狀況分析促進技術進步水平提高的內在機制及外在環境，以動態的角度研究技術進步的狀況和影響因素，從而為分析阻礙天山北坡經濟帶技術進步的因素，並思考對策，以期加速天山北坡經濟帶技術進步，促進經濟增長提供參考。
  7. As a result, in the paper, considering the altitudinal effect ( topography factor ) and the influence on the temperature lapse rate by topography and latitude and longitude and moisture transfer, the study on the daily surface air mean, max and min temperature in the reaches of yangtze rive is attempted by five models, which include the gaussian weighted model, the gaussian weighted model associated with the error - modification, the gradient plus inverse distance squared model and the modified gaussian weighted model a and b that take topography - factor into account

    本文考慮海拔高度和溫度直減率受地形和經、緯度及水汽等因素的影響，通過利用高斯權重法、結合逐步訂正的高斯權重法、梯度距離權重反比法和加入地形影響項（地形因子）的兩種改進高斯權重法的方案a 、 b ，對長江流域的地面日平均、最高和最低氣溫場進行了空間化插值研究。
  8. The first two methods are very user - friendly for users of all english levels. the root analogy method groups the metaphors according to metaphorical patterns which, on the lexicographical evidence, are important to the cognition of english speakers

    首兩種檢索方法簡單易用，適合任何英語水平人士使用而基本類比搜尋則將隱喻以概念分類，有助並非以英語為母語的使用者對該等辭匯在層次上的概念加深認識，使其更能有效吸收英語辭匯。
  9. Using the data of these nhtidzs from 1992 to 2001, paying attention to those index reflecting the industrial level and ability, we establish an evaluating item system, and rank the 53 zones by three different methods in long and middle term, analysis some special phenomenon in this thesis. the three methods are : ahp ( analytic hierarchy process ), topsis ( technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution ) and rsr ( rank sum ratio )

    本文利用全國53家高新區1992年至2001年間的各項經濟指標，側重選擇反映高新區產業化水平及能力的相關指標和經濟發展指標，利用分層分析法、 topsis法、秩和比法三種不同的方法，分長期、中期兩個時限，對全國高新區進行了排序，並對一些有代表性的現象進行了分析。
  10. From russia " judicial reform, the author turn over to think. - judicial reform should be designed and pushed on the base of actual level of country ' s economic and social condition ; judicial reform is bound by a common cause with politics ; reform should not be designed to be a type of misconstructions and instant collapse, concrete reform must be harmonized with the whole judicial reform

    俄羅斯司法改革取得了一定的成效，但與《構想》的預期效果相比仍有很大反差，由此對俄羅斯司法改革進行了反思：司法改革應當在國家的經濟和社會生活的現有水平的基礎上設計和推進；司法改革與本國的政治休戚相關；改革不應被設計成破壞性、瞬間崩塌型的；具體改革措施須與司法改革的全局協調一致。
  11. Measurement precision contribute to improving the security class and economic of boiler running and automatic level of whole plant. the smart measurement instrument of the boiler ’ s air flow designed in the thesis and the instrument can make the degree of accuracy get to. firstly, the thesis build the “ velocity - area ” method which is on basis of “ log - tchebycheff ” on the analyzing of basic measure method of boiler ’ s air flow. secondly, model86 averaging pitot tube was selected the right model of flow transducer which can pickoff the differential pressure and static pressure. modelc264 which made in setra system corp. u. s. a was selected as ultra low differential pressure transmitter. a good flow of boiler ’ s air was calculated by offsetting pressure and temperature. finally, numeroscope was designed with z80cpu and other chips

    精確的監測有助於提高鍋爐燃燒的安全型、經濟性，也有助於提高電廠的整體自動化水平。本文設計的智能化鍋爐風量測量裝置能夠實現對鍋爐送風的精確測量，精度可達。本文首先研究鍋爐送風矩形大管道測量理論，提出在流來流量測量測點布置基於「對數-切比雪夫」法的速度-面積法。
  12. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  13. ( 3 ) comparing eight aspects of p. e. teacher vocational morality show that : teaching lawful, respecting paterfamilias are no difference in three areas. in the probity teaching aspect, the level of middle developed area is the first, the developing area is second, the developed one is the last

    （ 3 ）在對八個維度比較時，依法執教、尊重家長三個地區沒區別，在廉潔從教這一維度，經濟中等發展水平最高，經濟不發達地區次之，最後是經濟發達地區。
  14. The author agrees with the dual - meaning doctrine, and defines the concept of criminal proof responsibility based on this doctrine. secondly, the author clears up the relationship between criminal proof responsibility and burden responsibility usually confused by our legal theorists and practicians, and points out that the two concepts are interrelated and mutually distinction. during the overall criminal process, the two concepts are the use of a phased process of dynamic change, with different subjects reflected in the various stages from an

    本文在對兩大法系的刑事證明責任對比的基礎上進行借鑒，並以此對我國的刑事證明責任的概念做出界定，在法學理論上對其分配問題進行了分析，認為無論是從我國現階段的經濟水平還是法律制度的發展水平來說，我國的刑事證明責任都應該以適合中國國情的可操作性為原則來進行分配，並且應該用經濟成本的眼光去看待這個問題的變化與發展。
  15. Mdr1 express product p - glycoprotein was detected by immunocytochemical method and flowcytometry. the cytotoxicity and multidrug resistance reversion effect of tea polyphenol was examined by mtt assay in mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr carcinoma cell lines, and compared with pgp inhibitor quinidine. the pgp expression of mcf - 7 adr was strongly positive, the positive rate was 15 % ; the pgp expression of mcf - 7 was negative, the positive rate was 1. 8 %. ic50 of tea polyphenol to mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr is 115. 2g ml and 207. 6g ml respectively. ic50 of quinidine to mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr is 129. 8mol l 42. 1g ml and 94. 1mol l 30. 5g ml respectively. tea polyphenol and quinidine changed little toxicity of adriamycin to mcf - 7, but tea polyphenol and quinidine improved the sensitivity of mcf - 7adr to adriamycin significantly. immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry can detect p - glycoprotein expression level qualitatively and quantitatively. tea polyphenol is not only an anti - tumor agent, but also a multidrug resistant modulator similar as quinidine. tea polyphenol is advantageous for its little toxicity in tumor treatment

    用免疫組化法和流式細胞儀對腫瘤細胞系mcf - 7和mcf - 7 adr的p -糖蛋白表達水平進行定性定量研究。用噻唑藍比色法mtt研究茶多酚的細胞毒性及其對耐藥性的逆轉作用，並與pgp抑制劑奎尼定進行了比較。免疫組化法檢測p -糖蛋白表達水平， mcf - 7 adr呈強陽性，而mcf - 7呈陰性流式細胞儀定量檢測結果mcf - 7 adr細胞系細胞陽性率為15 % ， mcf - 7細胞系細胞陽性率為1 . 8 % 。
  16. Such survey, research, contrast and analysis lead to the author ' s positioning of current status of county economy development of the yuanmou county as follows : 1 ) yuanmou is a county typically sustained by agriculture and thus has the characteristics of its kind along with other basic characteristics of mountainous counties ; 2 ) it has lagged far behind the development of the rest of the country, with an economic size accounting to merely 25 % of the average of other counties of china, or 50 % of other counties of yunnan ; 3 ) natural advantages have enabled the tropical crops and green agriculture to stand out as the leading industries, which, together with the discriminative planning and effective efforts of the local government, has resulted in the emergence of the promising " dinosaur economy ; " and 4 ) under - development of industry, now the weakest point of economy of the county, has always been hindering the rapid growth of the local economy and worrying the county leadership, suggesting that industrial restructure and accelerated development of the second and third industries are a tough but inevitable task to tackle

    通過調查、研究、對比、分析，將元謀縣域經濟發展的現狀定位在：元謀縣是邊疆少數民族地區典型的農業縣，具有農業主導縣所具有的典型特徵，同時也具有山區縣經濟類型的基本特徵；與全國縣域經濟的平均水平相比差距較大，為25左右；與雲南省的平均水平相比僅為50左右；元謀縣由於具有一定的自然優勢，其熱區作物、綠色產業已經非常突出地成為了該縣的主導產業，加之政府能動力發揮得較好，其「龍型經濟」正在逐步形成，發展勢頭看好，縣域經濟的規劃、發展思路清晰明了；工業仍然是元謀縣經濟發展最為薄弱的一環， 「無工不富」是時時懸在縣委、縣政府頭上的一個警鐘。產業結構的調整，二、三產業的大力發展是元謀縣無法繞開而又必須面對的非常艱巨的任務。
  17. Timber is widely used in developed countries buildings because this material is extensively applied with the characteristic on the construction and the value on the esthetics. now we have a long distance in the modern application with wooden structure compared to developed countries. there are still many limitations, for instance, the cognition of the material, choice with process, wooden construction technique, design method with wood and technique norm, etc

    木材因其材料和結構上的特性以及美學上的價值而在發達國家的建築中得以廣泛應用，而目前我國在木結構建築的現代應用上無論是對材料的認識、選擇和加工，還是對木結構建築的技術要點、設計方法和技術規范等方面，同西方發達國家的水平相比已有了相當大的差距。
  18. The main work of the thesis is as follows : we design a novel omni - mirror more applicable in robocup, which is made up of an isomeric horizontal mirror and an isomeric vertical mirror and can make the resolution of the imaging of the objects near the robot on the field constant and make the distortion of the imaging of the objects far from the robot small in vertical direction ; we select a 1394 digital color camera and complete the development of its software program for data acquisition ; we design a image processing algorithm for the panoramic image, which can segment the image by color, extract the features of image fast and effectively and complete the recognization of target ; according the character of the imaging, we design a new fast hough transform algorithm for line detection, which can detect the white mark lines of the field realtimely, and then design a robot ’ s self - localization method based the mark lines, which only uses the information of omni - vision system ; finally we design a monte carlo localization method based on the information of omni - vision system and odometry, and present the localization results of two localization methods and analyze the experiment results and get the conclusions

    本論文的主要工作如下:設計了一種新的更適用於機器人足球賽的全向反射鏡面，該鏡面由水平等比鏡面和垂直等比鏡面組合而成，能夠使機器人近處一定范圍內水平場地上的物體成像解析度不變，遠處物體成像高度上變形較小;選擇了一款基於1394介面的數字攝像機，並完成其數據採集程序開發;針對全景圖像設計了圖像處理演算法，能夠快速有效的實現圖像顏色分割和圖像特徵提取，完成目標識別;根據全景圖像的成像特性，設計了一種新的用於直線檢測的快速hough變換演算法，能夠實時的提取出場地的白色標志線，並在此基礎上設計了完全利用全向視覺信息的基於標志線的機器人自定位方法;最後設計了一種基於全向視覺信息和里程計信息的montecarlo定位方法，給出兩種方法的定位結果，並分析實驗結果，給出結論。
  19. On the basis of comparison of logistics management between chinese and foreign enterprises, especially the automobile manufacturing corporations, this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of chinese manufacturing corporations and proposes methods and countermeasures to improve automobile manufacturing corporations " logistics management level in china. the case study of dongfeng - citroen automobile corporation ltd. ( dcac ) is a very important part of this paper

    在對中外企業特別是中外汽車生產企業物流管理水平比較的基礎上，分析了我國汽車製造行業的現狀及不足，並在借鑒了國外先進的物流管理方法的前提下，提出了提高我國汽車生產企業物流管理水平的方法及對策。
  20. This study discusses the internal relations of modernization and modernization of fire control and defines the connotation of modernization of fire control. after looking back on the course of modernity accumulating in chinese fire fights techniques and equipments, fire protection system and fire control ideology and analyzing the current situation of modernization of fire control, this study develops a framework for modernization of chinese fire control, based on experience of developed countries and national conditions. this study identifies the modernization of chinese fire control be conducted in the way of socialization of fire control at the condition that the government play a leading role, while fire control system is being reformed, science and technology of fire fight is improved and legal conditions is perfected

    文章利用現代化研究的理論，從抽象到具體，運用系統方法、歷史方法、對比方法、分析方法論證了消防現代化與現代化的關系，對消防現代化的內涵進行剖析；回顧和總結了中國消防現代性逐步增長的歷程；對中國消防現代化的現狀予以考查並進行了相關的國際對比分析；在立足中國的國情和借鑒西方國家成功經驗的基礎上，闡明發揮政府的主導作用，進行消防體制改革，提高消防科技水平，健全法律制約，推行消防社會化是中國消防現代化必然的戰略選擇。
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