水平貿易 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐpíngmàoyì]
水平貿易 英文
horizontal trade
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 貿 : 名詞1. （貿易） trade 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 易 : Ⅰ形容詞1. （容易） easy 2. （平和） amiable Ⅱ動詞1. （改變; 變換） change 2. （交換） exchange Ⅲ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 水平 : 1. （跟水面平行的） horizontal;level2. （達到的高度） standard; level
  • 貿易 : trade
  1. In the writer ' s view, the reason of the above trade barriers mainly exists in the following aspects. first is the natural deficiency of gats, then, it is the inevitable result of the accentuation the state sovereignty

    形成這些貿易壁壘的原因主要有： gats的固有缺陷、強調國家主權原則，我國法律服務業水平較低以及法律的特殊性。
  2. At the corporate level, though, it made more sense : as its recent unveiling of the world ' s cheapest car showed, companies such as tata motors promise to make the global grade rather faster than their chinese counterparts

    雖然放在同一水平上的話它會顯得更有道理：隨著全世界最便宜汽車的發布所展示的，諸如塔塔汽車有限公司等印度公司下決心要比它們的中國同行們更迅速地發展全球貿易。
  3. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  4. Develop as the development of socialist market economy, the buildup of idea of people goods economy, the person with thin idea of a few legal system, below the drive of economic interest, illegal building takes up the road is produced or waste material of rubbish of operation of stone of blast of market trade, cut into a mountain, mining, dump and building is formed to be banned repeatedly inside formulary control division more than ; use illegally, embezzlement, pollution, destroy, destroy highway the road is produced and trade of strike of facilities of larcenous highway transportation, machines and tools, equipment, raw material, steel is cultivated and the random on highway check that set a station, chaos collects fees, random amerce, highway is shown street change spread ; exceed restricted transport to be defeated the in good condition, safety that waits for minatory highway, expedite the development with highway career, of benefit of the economic benefits of highway, society and level of road network service rise, more and more rely on what road politics government works to strengthen

    隨著社會主義市場經濟的深入發展，人們商品經濟觀念的增強，一些法制觀念淡薄的人，在經濟利益的驅動下，非法建築物佔用路產或在規定控制區內形成集市貿易、開山炸石、采礦作業、傾倒垃圾和建築廢料屢禁不止；非法利用、侵佔、污染、毀壞、破壞公路路產和盜竊公路交通設施、機具、設備、原材料、盜伐行道樹以及在公路上亂設站卡、亂收費、亂罰款，公路呈街道化蔓延；超限運輸等威脅著公路的完好、安全、暢通和公路事業的發展，公路的經濟效益、社會效益和路網服務水平的提高，越來越依靠于路政治理工作的加強。
  5. This in turn would bid down their price levels and improve their ability to compete in international trade.

    這又會壓低他們的物價水平和改善他們在國際貿易中的競爭能力。
  6. He next argued that if our price levels were being bid up, our competitive position in international trade would be worsening.

    他接下去又論證說，如果，我們的物價水平抬高了，我們在國際貿易中的競爭地位就會惡化。
  7. The specific measures can be put forward as follows : firstly, with the aims of improving the level of individual specialization, more emphasis should be put on deploying and training human resources, improving labor quality and their expertise ; secondly, in order to enhancing internal labor division level in west china, it should take an active participating in the labor division both at home and abroad. west china should also make full use of its geographical advantage to develop trade in border area, take part in domestic labor division actively and hence promote the reconcilable development in west china and east china ; thirdly, to decrease transaction cost and improve transaction efficiency in west china, it is necessary to build and strengthen the market transaction system and better facilities of infrastructure

    進而提出了西部地區發展對外貿易要以分工優勢理論為指導，並提出了如下措施：加大人力資源的開發與培養，提高勞動者素質和專業技能，以提升個人專業化生產水平；積極參與國際、國內分工，尤其是充分利用區位優勢，大力發展邊境貿易和積極參與國內層面的分工合作，促進東西部的協調發展，以提高西部地區的內部分工水平；建立健全市場交易體系，改善基礎設施，以降低西部地區的交易費用和提高西部地區的交易效率。
  8. Theis feinwerktechnik gmbh offers offers on measuring devices, mould construction and levelling instruments. additionally also on precision tools and surveying instruments

    Technik是一家高級別的大型貿易商，提供多方面的、高質量的水平測量儀器，水平測量設備。
  9. The report says record levels of exports, foreign direct investment investments in and overseas development aid account for the record levels of economic growth in the world ' s least developed countries

    某報告指出由於出口貿易、外資的直接投資以及國外援助的不斷增加使得世界上最不發達的一些國家經濟增長又達到了一個新的水平。
  10. Qingdao is one of china major ports in the yellow river valley and the western rim of the pacific ocean. qingdao port is in operation for international trade transport with the linkage with 450ports in 130 nations and deep water and silt - free condition. with the annual cargo handling capacity of 100 million tons. qingdao port has beeb deemed to the most prospective port in the 21 st century and an outstanding international port by the world shipping community

    青島港是中國沿黃流域和環太平洋西岸重要的國際貿易口岸和海上運輸樞紐，與世界上130多個國家和地區的450多個港口有貿易往來，港深水闊，不淤不凍，自然條件十分優越，是著名的天然良港。作為一個綜合性國際億噸大港，青島港被國際航運界譽為21世紀的希望之港和最具扭轉魅力的國際旅遊大港。
  11. On the basis of speeches made by experts in the symposium on main agriculture products supply and demand prospects and structure optimization, 6 points of suggestion have been drawn conclusion, which is as follows : 1. include the optimizing agriculture structure and improving agriculture products quality in the key agenda of agriculture and rural economy working ; 2. enhance macro - conditioner of the government in practice, and effectively bring the economy cooperated organization of peasants into playing a bridge role aiming at market demands ; 3. carry out the working of high quality agriculture products zoning in a whole country, set up and consolidate the high quality agriculture products producing bases, and put into effects of the famous brana strategy of high quality agriculture products ; 4. according to the distribution of agriculture products consumer market, adjust and optimize agriculture products cropping structure, and snatch the chance to adjust export trade policy ; 5. according agro - business managing manner to organizing agriculture production, practically improve the level of agriculture products processing value ; 6. never slacken our efforts to produce grains

    在「主要農產品供需前景與結構優化研討會」專家發言的基礎上，整理了六點建議：把優化農業結構和提高農產品質量列入農業和農村經濟工作的重要議事日程；以市場需求為導向，切實加強政府宏觀調控，有效發揮農民合作經濟組織的中介作用；開展全國范圍內的優質農產品區劃工作，建立和鞏固優質農產品生產基地，實施農產品優質品牌戰略；根據農產品消費市場的分佈，調整和優化農產品區域種植結構，不失時機地調整出口貿易策略；按產業化經營方式組織農業生產，切實提高我國農產品的加工值水平；絕不放鬆糧食生產。
  12. Therefore, a model of three sectors, respectively referring to domestic sector, manufacturing export sector and primary product export sector, has been established here to measure the technology spillover effects of export on domestic sector. finally, based on a broader framework, this dissertation went on to investigate the relationship between openness and china ' s economic growth, while the result shows that though there exists a notable dispute about how to measure the degree of china ' s openness, the index of trade dependence still maintains the better one to reflect china ' s economic openness. in the meanwhile, impulse response function ( irf ) method and forecasting errors variance decomposition ( fevd ) method, both of which are based on the vector auto - regression ( var ) system, are used here to investigate the dynamic relationship between openness and china ' s economic growth

    與傳統理論不同，新增長理論和新貿易理論都強調技術進步的作用，因此本文構建了一個三部門的技術外溢效應模型（國內部門、工業製成品出口部門以及初級產品出口部門） ，考察了工業製成品出口和初級產品出口對國內非出口部門不同的技術外溢效應；第四，從更加廣闊的視野就貿易開放度與中國經濟增長問題進行研究，有關貿易開放度如何度量一直是存在較大爭議的問題，本文首先對該類研究文獻進行了較為詳盡的述評，然後運用生產函數方法對所選取的5個貿易開放度度量指標進行了檢驗，結果發現盡管一些已有研究認為外貿依存度無法真實度量一國經濟開放水平，但是本文研究結果表明外貿依存度仍是度量我國貿易開放度的較好指標，進一步採用基於var系統的脈沖響應函數法以及預測誤差方法分解法對貿易開放促進經濟增長的作用進行了動態刻畫。
  13. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  14. But there exists some problems in the trade between two sides. the overall trade scale is small, the trade level is low, the commodity mix is not good

    但中國對東歐國家的貿易中，總體貿易規模不大，水平較低，在商品結構上存在一定問題，這些問題制約著經貿關系的發展。
  15. We set an advantage econometrics model that can be used to develop the economy and improve employment opportunity in china. we give some advice for chinese government and companies in china. the countries and areas discussed in ihe thesis include china

    鑒於我國目前就業和再就業問題比較嚴重，社會福利水平難以與經濟發展相適應的現狀，給出了我國以充分就業為目標的優化對外貿易計量經濟模擬模型，提出了我國進入wto后實現經濟平穩過渡和健康發展的合理化建議。
  16. On the other hand, asian economies interdependence of trade and investment is tight and gradually they have being merged into an economic entia. so it is imminent for east asia economies to reinforce financial cooperation. at present, it has made some substantial progress

    而且東亞經濟體的貿易依存度和投資依存度已達到相當高的水平，東亞經濟已越來越融合為一個統一的整體，迫切需要東亞國家加強彼此的政策協調，進行區域金融合作。
  17. The trade surplus soared to 39. 6 billion usd for the first half year which was higher than last year ' s total. favorable balance inflated robustly in trade with the us and europe

    貿易順差大幅增加，上半年累計順差達396億美元，已超過去年全年水平，中美、中歐順差迅速上升。
  18. They usually characterize extensive pre - show market research and preparation, relatively short exhibition timeframe, and post - show customer relationship maintenance and follow - up analysis. the advancement of information technology and the advent of internet era have brought challenges and opportunities alike to the trade show sector

    在貿易展覽會行業，先進的國家和辦展機構已經普遍接受了信息化管理手段，大大提高了信息處理和分析能力，提高了服務水平，擴大了服務范圍。
  19. In the outline of the eleventh five - year plan for economic and social development, establishing a monitoring and early - warning system on foreign trade is one of the government ’ s main targets

    該建議在談到「深化體制改革和提高對外開放水平」時，進一步提出要「完善公平貿易政策，健全外貿運行監控體系，增強處置貿易爭端能力，維護企業合法權益和國家利益。 」
  20. In a symbolic move to boost low levels of indo - us bilateral trade, the first batch of indian mangoes are due to arrive in the us this weekend, ending a 17 - year old trade dispute between the two countries

    有一個象徵性措施推進了印度與美國雙邊低水平貿易，第一批印度芒果在這個星期周末將到達美國，從而結束了兩國間17年的貿易爭端
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