水文收支 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐwénshōuzhī]
水文收支 英文
hydrologic accounting
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 收 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把攤開的或分散的事物聚集、合攏） put away; take in 2 （收取） collect 3 （收割） harvest...
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 水文 : hydrology水文測驗 hydrologic survey; 水文成因分析 hydrologicall genetic analysis; 水文地理學 hydr...
  • 收支 : expenses and receipts; revenue and expenditure; income and expenses
  1. The current travel the main contents of culture stanzas to include the building mountain district exquisite article the resources to display, the literature performance wait the activity. the building mountain that rites part is solemn is cultured, and perform the part of and happiness and crazy, outstanding suburb color, mold the clear suburb topic of to emerge with the consciousness with the the new atmosphere to travel the area of big area, culture. the current travels the culture stanza with the happy suburb, sahuan building mountain " for the topic, travel the culture stanza the opening ceremony and saint mountain the scenery to spend a holiday the area to start practice the celebration ceremony the rites, building mountain the economic trade to talk over the meeting with the tenth building mountain, continuously the fire of the human civilization the motherland is good, the capital city is beautiful " three corpus activities of activities of publicity educations are with the stanza of white grass cookhouse ground sahuan son ", ten cross river the light stanza, celebrate the 7 1 " hall the whole image for ascending folk king of country whip performing, cloud residing the the series the activity, the spending the hole, silver the fox the hole, fairy the the hole, cloud the water hole " fourth holes look foring the competing and go to the countrying is a farmering, cut in lining " experience personallying a day swiming sixth items prop upping the activity to main contents, molding the root in peking the, hole the kingdom " ; release the north line of building mountain to travel the hallway, and adjust the mountain area the environment of economic construction, ecosystem, and promote the farmer to increase to accept, quickly the building mountain travel a developments step, and go on a tour for whole municipal and periphery visitor, recreational, the amusement invest with chinese and foreign businessman to start a business the offering is more, more ideal choice. attraction the more people travel the building the mountain, investment into the building mountain, and further push that area to completely develop

    儀式部分莊重典雅，表演部分歡樂狂野，突出郊野色彩，塑造鮮明的郊野主題和親和意識，展現房山旅遊大區文化名區的新氣象。本屆旅遊文化節以「 happy郊野撒歡房山」為主題，以第十屆房山旅遊文化節開幕式暨聖蓮山風景度假區開業慶典儀式房山經貿洽談會續燃人類文明之火「祖國好京城美」宣傳教育活動三項主體活動和白草畔野營地「撒歡兒節」十渡河燈節慶「七一」堂上鄉村民俗霸王鞭表演雲居寺祈福迎祥系列活動「石花洞銀狐洞仙棲洞雲水洞」四洞尋寶比賽及下鄉務農「插隊」體驗一日游六項支撐活動為主要內容，塑造「北京根祖，溶洞王國」的整體形象推出房山北線旅遊走廊，調整山區經濟結構，優化生態環境，促進農民增收，加快房山旅遊黃金圈建設步伐，為全市及周邊遊客出遊休閑娛樂和中外客商投資創業提供更多更理想的選擇。吸引更多的人旅遊到房山投資進房山，進一步推動該區全面發展。
  2. The thesis is based on income question, forest coverage rate and grop production. to beging with, date envelopment analysis is proved that it can be applicated into grain for green in shan - bei district, and then in view of the fact, seven esential factors which have influence on the project are found out : expense of dam, expense of crop, expense of cash tree, expense of defense tree, other economic crop, expense of grass and graziery ; and the output factors include : income of gdp, pure income per captia, the area of decreasing land loss, graziery income, crop production, income of tree, the totle income of economic crop. after the date of each facts are puted into dea model, unefficiencial decision making units ( dmu ) found. the data that are got through adjusting unefficiencial dmus dy dea can offer guide in shanbei district upgrading of an industrial structure. at the same time, taking into account some possible problems in or after grain for green in shan - bei district, the thesis bring out some propesal to improve the circ umstance, enhance the life level and put the relation of population, resource and circumstance into a healthy orbit

    因此，加快退耕還林還草，調整土地利用結構和產業結構，已成為實現山川秀美工程和可持續發展戰略的必經之路。論文以解決陜北地區的收入問題，植被問題以及糧食產量問題為出發點，首先從理論上分析了包絡分析方法在陜北地區退耕還林（草）中運用的可行性，然後結合陜北地區目前的實際情況，綜合分析出影響陜北地區退耕還林（草）的關鍵的七個因素作為輸入指標：水利水保設施投入，農作物投入，經濟林種支出，防護林支出，其它經濟作物，草類支出，畜牧業投入；以退耕還林所要解決的最終問題作為輸出指標： gdp收入、農民人均純收入、水土流失減少量、牧業總產值、糧食產量、林業總產值、其他經濟作物總產值。將各指標所對應的數據代入模型后，通過分析求解得出非有效的決策單元，再運用包絡分析方法的一些基本原理對非有效的決策單元進行調整，由此所得的數據對陜北地區的實際投入具有很好的指導意義。
  3. The results indicate : the rural households " agri - productive investment behavior are generally affected by such factors : the rural households " basic family status, the rural households " owning resource, market terms, the different geographical environment and the external economy environment if other factors remain unchangeable, the rural households would increased their agri - productive investment scale in the next year by such terms : the rural households " family size get bigger, the rural households improve the educational level, the rural households decrease the opportunity in working in the second or the third field, the family agricultural opening revenue got increased last year, the rural households " productive capital assets got increased last year

    假定其他因素不變：農戶家庭規模越大，勞動力文化水平越高，農戶非農業就業機會減少，農戶上一年農業家庭經營收入提高，以及農戶上一年生產性固定資產增加，都會使農戶在下一年增加農業生產性投資；同時由於農戶處于不同的地理環境、位置，也對農戶進行農業生產性投資產生影響。同時本文對北京市政府制定相關農業政策提出以下建議參考： 1 、進一步穩固農戶投資主體地位，同時，積極引導財政支農資金、銀行貸款等其他投資形式向農業轉移，形成資金互補機制。
  4. Facing the information age, the marine environmental information systems should also absorb the article intelligence technology and virtual reality technology to serve as a decision - making support system and export system for the ocean environment study and development. thirdly, based on maplnfo ( gis software ) platform and development languages ( vb and mapbasic ), marine environment information system in luoyuan bay was designed and development, then relied on gps and rs, ocean environment information in luoyuan bay was collected and managed effetely, its aim is to provide a reasonable opinion for decision - maker on how to utilize resources and protect environment in luoyuan bay. lastly, marine environmental quality of aquafanns in luoyuan bay was assessed relied on marine environmental information system and mathematics model ( fuzzy cluster ), and corresponding countermeasures were presented to protect ocean environment in

    本文首先通過對海洋環境信息系統的特點和國內外研究現狀的分析，探討了網路時代海洋環境信息系統的發展趨勢；接著以mapinfo （ gis軟體）為開發平臺，以vb和mapbasic為開發語言，面向管理和決策層，進行羅源灣海洋環境信息系統的設計與開發，並結合遙感（ rs ）和全球定位系統（ gps ）建立模型庫，收集和管理羅源灣海洋環境信息，旨在為羅源灣的海洋建設項目的立項、選址、規劃和海洋污染事故的應急提供決策支持，從而有效地保護羅源灣海洋生態環境；最後運用羅源灣海洋環境信息系統並結合數學模型（模糊聚類）對羅源灣養殖區水環境現狀進行評價，從而使得羅源灣各海水養殖區的水質現狀評價變得生動、形象和直觀，並針對羅源灣海洋污染源狀況和污染現狀，提出了保護羅源灣海洋生態環境相應的對策。
  5. The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate

    論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。
  6. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  7. Based on the observation data such as coads and soda, the main climatological features of the tropical indian ocean and relationships of sea surface temperature ( sst ), heat budget with ocean dynamics and thermodynamics processes are analyzed ; the seasonal and interannual variability of the tropical indian ocean are well simulated using a ocean general circulation model ; based on the thermal equation and model output data, the variation mechanism of sst and heat budget are investigated in the tropical indian ocean ; besides, the effect of seasonal variation of wind stress, ekman pumping and horizontal diffusivity on the ocean current and heat budget are studied, using both ideal model and complex model

    本文根據coads 、 soda等實際觀測資料，較全面的分析了熱帶印度洋主要的氣候特點，並研究了海表面溫度（ sst ） 、熱收支與海洋動力、熱力過程的聯系；利用全球海洋環流模式較好地模擬出熱帶印度洋的季節和年際變化；基於熱力學方程和海洋環流模式輸出結果，探討了熱帶印度洋sst和北印度洋熱量收支的季節和年際變化機制，進一步揭示了海洋動力過程在北印度洋熱平衡中的重要作用；在此基礎上，利用理想化的數值試驗與數值模擬結果相結合的方式，證實了風應力的季節變化和ekman抽吸，以及水平熱量擴散系數對北印度洋海洋環流和熱收支的影響。
  8. Based on the fast ethernet technology standards, the hardware platform integrates the field analysis facilities, the water quality detecting facilities, boat carried gps and hydrometeorological facilities to a fast boat carried entironment monitoring system. the system realizes the auto collection, pretreatment and distribution of the sample of the marine water, the field collecting, distill, analysis and storage of the monitoring data and sending of the data to land supporting system to finish the producing and rele ase of the information product

    該硬體平臺採用符合internet intranet技術標準的交換式快速以太網技術和星型連接拓撲結構建設船載局域網路，支持局域網上10mbps的數據傳輸速度，將現場分析儀器、水質檢測設備、船載gps以及水文氣象等設備集成為一個船載海洋生態環境快速監測系統，實現樣品的自動採集、預處理與分配，以及監測數據的現場收集、提取、分析處理與存儲，同時將監測數據實時傳回地面支持系統進行信息產品製作和發布。
  9. In this paper, the three level fortification criterion, two stage design method and the elastic response spectrum theory are adopted, and the program of nba ( the program of nonlinear - aseismic analysis for beam bridge ) is used to calculate. through gathering, analyzing and calculating a lot of bridge design materials, this paper induces a simple way to calculate the relative displacement of the beam and the pier, and then according to the current design method, it concludes a better design principle of the supporting length of the beams. at the same time the dynamics is adopted to put forward the design method of the carrying capacity and the lengthen of prestress wire ( steel bar ) falling - off prevention structures of highway bridges

    本論文採用三水準設防、兩階段設計方法、彈性反應譜計算理論，運用橋梁結構非線性地震響應分析程序nba （ theprogramofnonlinear ? aseismicanalysisforbeambridge ）進行計算；通過收集大量的實橋設計資料，經分析計算，歸納總結出計算上下部結構相對位移的簡便計算方法；並綜合國內外的經驗值，提出梁的支承長度se的設計原則；同時運用動力學突加荷載的原理，推導分析了預應力鋼絞線式（鋼棒連接式）落梁防止裝置設計承載力的計算方法和設計伸長量s _ f的取值；最後本文通過實橋計算，說明了落梁防止系統設計的方法。
  10. In this thesis, abundant statistical data are contained, two methods are employed to give a positive analysis on the elasticity of demand ( eod ) of i & e in china during the period from 1990 to 2001 from the following three aspects : firstly, regression analysis is applied to calculate the average eod of the general i & e. generally speaking, the export is rich in price eod while the import has a poor one. in addition, the absolute value of the sum of these two kinds of elasticity is higher than 1, which accords with marshall - lener condition and proves that devaluation of rmb should be helpful to improve the trade balance. suggestion is further provided such as cutting off producing cost of export, improving technology and implementing strategy of import substitution to improve trade balance

    本文運用豐富的統計數據資料、兩種方法、從三個層次實證分析了1990 - 2001年我國進出口商品的需求彈性：首先，運用回歸分析法計算總體進出口商品的平均彈性，得出我國出口商品總體富有價格彈性，而進口商品總體缺乏價格彈性，進出口需求價格彈性之和的絕對值大於1 ，符合馬歇爾?勒納條件，人民幣貶值有助於改善貿易收支的結論，並提出降低出口商品生產成本、提高生產技術水平、實施進口替代戰略來改善貿易收支；其次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算約100種主要出口商品和約50種主要進口商品的總體需求價格彈性，對其結果進行分析，進一步驗證了前述結論；再次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算農產品、鋼鐵、汽車、醫藥等五大類八種商品的進出口需求價格彈性，根據其不同的分佈狀況，聯系實際經濟情況，提出相應的匯率、價格及產業政策以改善貿易收支。
  11. Developing and establishing macro - scale distributed hydrological model are required in order to make certain the regional water and energy cycle, study and resolve the hydrology and water resources problems under the changing environment according to the climatic prediction of gcm. as a branch of hydrologic cycle, land - surface hydrologic processes are nearly relative to atmospheric circle by water and energy exchange between land - surface and atmosphere

    為了確定大尺度區域水文循環及能量收支、能夠根據gcm給出的氣候預測，研究和解決變化環境中的水文水資源問題，評估和監測大流域的徑流過程和水資源量的動態變化規律，需要研製和建立大尺度分散式水文模型。
  12. Issuing to village the policy subsidying the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a valid path for always is academic circles with poor population in generally accepted the village of solution in government in all levels, promoting village developping, from current see theoretically, the small sum of the certain scope inside subsidying the interest lends money of issue, will promote the agriculture and the development of the village, increase poor and homely income in village level, but the small sum subsidying the loan of interest is can increase the income level of the peasant household, lend money a problem for increasing accepting together native average in circumstance increasing accepting sum comparing, result how, this is this text wanting resolving, this text pass to the inquisition of the loan peasant household, in collecting large quantity one hand material of foundation, is all each county downtown to is investigated the data proceeded to gather, statisticsing the contrast circumstance that loan an income change the circumstance and increase with native average the sum, the loan sum that will be investigated the peasant household, invest the realm proceeded the contrast, and borrow funds with the region not door of that year income increment the sum proceeded the comparison. use the different from lengthways the method research that compare investment in fixed amount realm, different loan sum, not the environmental loan in area in county door increases to accept sum and its correlations. come to explain the public finance subsidy the small sum in interest an agricultural loan an influence for to peasant household income, analyzing the small sum in policy an agricultural loan an influence for to increasing accepting the factor, discussing the policy stick the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a shortage for of policy blemish and managing top, combining domestic and international policy of now of combination an agricultural loan a policy for of policy with managing way, to small sum in policy in our country an agricultural loan style establishment and manage the mode put forward a little bit personal views, the writer thinks that develop the policy an agricultural loan a root for of a farming using is a financial environment of village to push forward financial system in village reform to reform with political setup, improve village finance serve, create a competition, norm, subsidying the interest the loan the solution limitedly not farmer of letter funds need problem

    向農村發放政策性貼息小額支農貸款一直是學術界和各級政府比較公認的解決農村貧困人口，促進農村發展的有效途徑，從現有的理論上看，一定范圍內的小額貼息貸款的發放，會促進農業和農村的發展，提高農村貧困家庭的收入水平，而小額貼息貸款是不是能夠提高農戶的收入水平，貸款戶的增收情況同當地的平均增收額比較，效果怎樣，這是本文所要解決的問題，本文通過對貸款農戶的調查，在收集大量第一手材料的基礎上，將各縣市區所有被調查數據進行了匯總，統計出貸款戶收入變化情況以及與當地的平均增長額的對比情況，將被調查農戶的貸款額，投資領域進行了對比，並與當地非借款戶的當年收入增加額進行了比較。用定量比較和縱向比較的方法研究不同投資領域、不同貸款額、不縣域環境的貸款戶增收額及其相互關系。來說明財政貼息小額支農貸款對農戶收入的影響，分析政策性小額支農貸款對增收的影響因素，論述政策性貼息小額支農貸款的政策性缺陷及管理上的不足，並結合當今國內外政策性支農貸款的政策和管理方式，對我國政策性小額支農貸款的政策制定及管理模式提出了個人的一些見解，筆者認為發揮政策支農貸款的支農作用的根本是推進農村金融體制改革和政治體制改革，改善農村金融服務，創造一個競爭、規范的農村金融環境，有限的貼息貸款解決不了農民的信貸資金需求問題。
  13. The purpose of this paper is to find out the characteristics of corporate restructuring and reorganizations under the background of strengthened supervision and improved accounting standards in 2001. using financial data on chinese public firms that had performed restructurings in 2001, this paper studies the impact of restructuring activities on firms " performance. it finds that performance of sample companies are better than the market average both before and after restructuring, but financial ratios does not improve obviously, what ' s more, the roe ratios even drop generally, which are very different from the characteristics during the past few years

    本文採用以財務數據為基礎進行評價的方法，對2001年上市公司資產重組進行研究發現，從資產重組的方式來看，收購兼并所佔比重最高，業績較好的公司偏向于選擇這種重組方式，而資產置換、股權轉讓仍為績差公司所青睞；從重組前後財務指標的變化來看，重組公司表現優於市場平均水平，但與往年重組公司當年業績即得到明顯提升不同， 2001年重組公司財務指標並未得到顯著提高，凈資產收益率更是全面下降，統計對比不支持上市公司利用資產重組調節公司績效的觀點。
  14. The first part of the thesis set forth the essential theory of agriculture protection based on the essential status and weakness of the agriculture. point out that it ' s necessary to use the finance to sustain the agriculture for many reason such as the shortage of agricultural resource, the redundancy of the supply to the industy, the challenge and the rule after the wto entry and the task of well - off construction. the second part of the thesis analyze the actuality of the agriculture sustain and protection from the three aspect - the scale, the construction and the effect of expend for the agriculture sustain and protection, search the policy reason such as the increasing gap between the urban and the country and the slow speed of peasant ' s income, investigate the series of problem such as the small investment scale, irrationality for the construction, the disorder for the fund management and the imbalance assignment for the budget

    本文採用理論研究與實證分析相結合的方法，以農業的基礎地位和弱質性為起點，闡述了財政支持保護農業的基本理論，提出由於我國農業資源相對匱乏，過去曾為工業提供積累過多，以及入世以後所面臨的諸多規則、挑戰和當前我國推進全面小康建設的艱巨任務，使得財政支持保護農業成為必然；接著就財政對農業支出的規模、結構和效果，分析我國財政支持保護農業的現狀，探尋目前我國城鄉差距加大、農民增收緩慢的政策原因，深入研究了財政支農方式上的投資規模小、結構不合理、資金管理混亂、資金預算安排不平衡等問題；著重從財政投入政策、農產品價格和收入政策以及進出口政策三個方面對國外財政支農政策進行了分析和借鑒，突出完善我國財政支持保護農業發展的對策，並結合我國農業發展的實際水平，借鑒國外經驗，闡明自己的見解。
  15. Statistically, it makes a quantitive analysis on the evolvement of the country economic structure in xi ' an city, the economic benefit of the changes in industry structure, the effect on labor resource collacation in industry structure and the effect of the increasing income of countrymen in industry structure changes, which discloses a rule of the industry structure evolvement in country. the putting forward of the non - agriculture industry in country, especially the rapid increase in country industry will promote the rise of the country industry level for a long term. the country industry structure influences a lot the increase of the farmer ' s income which is also affected by agriculture structure and planting structure, but less. the non - agriculture industry plays a main role in the increase of farmer ' s income. for the low level of the townlization and industrialization, developing industry, construction and commercial in country is very feasible to resolve the problem of spare labors in country. it is strengthening labors transferring and reducing the modulus of labor over the infield that farmers income could be kept increasing. after a theoretical analysis and twenty years practise in the regulation of country economy structure after the reform and opening policy in xi ' an, a new thought of regulating country economy structure in xi ' an is put forward that a strategic regulation must be taken in country economy structure and the agriculture structure must be optimized. moreover, an expanding agriculture must be developed and transfer the spare labors in country effectively. so the government function during the regulation of country economy structure is transferred to : the first one, making the stress policy in the regulation of country industry structure. 2ndly, strengthening the force in regulating country industry structure ; 3rdly, making a plan on the regulation of country industry structure ; 4th promoting the optimizition and upgree of industry relying on sci - tech progress ; 5th enhancing the townlization and optimizing the country industry structure ; last one, improving the quality of labors in full scale

    本文在概述經濟結構理論的基礎上，第一次系統地研究了西安市農村經濟結構調整，用數據統計的方法，定量、定性地分析了西安市農村經濟結構演變的軌跡，分析了產業結構變動的經濟效益、產業結構勞動力資源配置效應、產業結構變動的農民收入增長效應，揭示了農村產業結構演變的規律。提出農村非農產業，尤其是高速增長的農村工業，對促進農村產業水平的提升起著長?推動力的作用；農民收入增長直接受農村產業結構的影響最大，農業產業結構、種植業結構對農民收入有影響，但作用不可高估；非農產業是農民增收的主要支撐力量，解決農村余勞動力在城鎮化、工業化水平不高的情況下，切實可行的選擇是在農村發展工業、建築業、商飲業等非農產業；農民收入要保持快速增長態勢必須加大農村勞動力轉移力度，減少耕地承載勞動力的系數。通過理論分析，結合西安市改革開放后20多年的農村產業結構調整的實踐，提出了西安市農村產業結構調整的發展思路及目標、原則，明確指出了政府在農村經濟結構調整過程中的職能轉變的重要方面：一是制定農村產業結構調整的傾斜政策，二是加大對農村產業調整的投入力度，三是制定產業結構調整的規劃，四是依靠科技進步促進產業優化和升級，五是加快城鎮化過程，優化農村產業結構。
  16. A dynamic model for dissolved inorganic nitrogen ( din ) and phosphate ( po4 - p ) cycles and budgets in jiaozhou bay was established according to the principles of d - n - p - z model. in the model, 6 state variables ( din, po4 - p, phytoplankton, zooplankton, organic detritus, and dissolved organic nutrients ) were included. logically this model was divided into three modules - nutrients input, nutrients cycle in seawater, and output of both dissolved substances ( e. g

    本文根據n ? p ? z ? d模型的基本原理，建立了膠州灣氮、磷營養鹽循環收支動力學模型，主要包括營養鹽輸入，營養鹽生物、化學遷移和轉化內循環，溶解態和顆粒態物質水動力輸出3個邏輯模塊，涉及溶解無機氮（ din ） 、磷酸鹽（ po _ 4 - p ） 、浮游植物、浮遊動物、有機碎屑和溶解有機態營養鹽6個狀態變量。
  17. In this part, the author points that the consumption level of rural households is increased, and finds it belong to a consumption model of hysteresis compared with national economic growth, with the development of economy, this kind of model should change to a consumption model of synchronism. the consumption composition of rural households in jiangxi province changes obviously from the profiling, however it also shows great differences from the transverse section. these differences are : ( 1 ) the consumption of rural households gap between different income group is larger ; ( 2 ) the difference on households facilities, foods, transportation and communication is larger between urban and rural households ; ( 3 ) the consumption level and composition difference is smaller among rural households, who live separately in plain, hill, and mountain areas ; ( 4 ) the average propensity to consumer of 4 - 6 - person size families is higher among other size families ; ( 5 ) the consumption level and composition of rural households in zhejiang province is higher, compared with rural households in jiangxi province

    江西農村居民的消費結構從縱向上考察，明顯改善，而從橫向上進行考察，發現其差異較大，主要表現在：第一，不同收入組的農村居民在消費結構上的差距正在顯著擴大，但是最高與最低收入組的居民在家庭設備用品及服務消費支出上的差異並不像其它類商品那樣明顯；第二，城鄉居民對家庭設備用品及服務類、食品類、交通通訊類的消費差異較大；第三，平原、丘陵、山區不同地區的農村居民在消費水平與結構方面的差異很小；第四，不同家庭規模中， 4 - 6人家庭規模農村居民的平均消費傾向高，在許多消費品上表現出較高的消費水平；第五，與浙江比較，浙江農村居民在消費水平與結構上明顯高於江西，但在文教娛樂用品及服務方面的消費支出上，江西農村居民明顯大於浙江，反映出江西農村居民在此類消費上的負擔較重。
  18. Thirdly, we can design the procedures of accounting and finance, procedure of net resource allocation, rolling net investing procedure. by the way of it enforcing, we can accomplish the whole procedure reproduction. the focus of this article is to shorten customer feedback time and increase customers " satisfactory degree, by designing organizational structure and management procedure of valued customers, as well as front and back sla service protocol and kpi performance evaluation items, and finally to increase revenue for luzhou telecom corps

    本文的重點在第一階段工作順利完成的基礎上，重點對本企業的大客戶管理流程和組織結構、 sla服務水平協議和kpi績效考核指標、 it支撐等進行設計，希望通過這種新的流程技術和考核方法能縮短客戶響應時間，提高大客戶滿意度，從而到達提高電信大客戶收入的目的，並通過局部試用，發現問題，重新調整，為企業全面推行流程再造打下基礎。
  19. The main purpose of our paper is to build the coupling pelagic - benthic one - dimensional box model for yscwm, and use it to study the seasonal variability of the vertical structure of each variables, energy flow characteristics, the contribution of microbial loop and the income and expenses of nutrient elements of the ecosystem in this region

    本文的主要研究目標是構建黃海冷水團水域水層-底棲耦合生態系統垂直一維模型，並利用此模型對該海域生態系統各生態變量垂向結構的季節變化特徵、物流能流結構特徵以及微食物環的貢獻和營養鹽的收支循環等問題進行動力學研究。
  20. In order to get the knowledge about public payment awareness of forest environmental services ( fes ), this paper analyze about 600 questionnaires with spss, and the result is showed as the following : ( 1 ) publics have different payment awareness to forest environmental services : the maximum is eco - tourism, then the watershed services, the minimum are biodiversity service and carbon sequestration ; ( 2 ) family income, perception of fes benefits and the moral responsibility effect participants ' payment awareness effect participants ' willingness to pay ( wtp ) directly and strongly ; ( 3 ) the recognition of fes, attitude to fes payment and fes impact range effect indirectly

    摘要採用分層等距抽樣技術，並利用spss軟體對在長三角地區發放的旨在調查公眾對森林環境服務付費意識的600份問卷（其中有效問卷551份）進行統計后獲知： （ 1 ）公眾對森林生態旅遊服務收費的認可程度最高，其次是水文服務，而對生物多樣性和固碳服務的支付意願最低； （ 2 ）直接影響公眾付費意識高低的因素包括：家庭收入、公眾對自己從森林環境服務中受益程度的認識、公眾對森林環境服務所具有的道德責任感等； （ 3 ）公眾對森林環境服務重要性的認識、對森林環境服務收費的態度、森林環境服務的作用范圍則間接地影響了其支付意願的大小。
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