法定證據制度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎdìngzhèngjùzhìdù]
法定證據制度 英文
system of legal evidence
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 據 : 據Ⅰ動詞1 （占據） occupy; seize 2 （憑借; 依靠） rely on; depend on Ⅱ介詞（按照; 依據） according...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 法定 : legal; statutory法定安培 legal ampere; 法定貶值 official devaluation; 法定標準 statutory standard...
  • 證據 : evidence; proof; testimony
  1. When the proof revelation system has been established, the rate of courtroom adjudgement has been increased, the rule of positive wordage has been prescribed by lawmaking. then, the judge of first instance can give up the use of prosecuting roll

    只有建立證據開示制度、提高當庭宣判率、立法明文規定直接言詞原則，才能使一審法官放棄對控方案卷的使用有可依據的程序和制度基礎。
  2. The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data

    第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上，歸納出其六大安全要素，即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析：第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規，第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構，第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制，第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理，並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式，對有關法律問題作了論述；第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求，然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性；第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定，論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。
  3. On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings

    因此，加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究，具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上，對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視；同時借鑒國外的經驗，並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況，提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想：建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體，缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度；同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定，以形成一個完整的制度體系，充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能，實現民事訴訟的價值目標。
  4. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  5. This text begins with analysis that our country appraises the confusion of the system at present in real example, exposing ontology question of the scientific knowledge in terms of philosophy of science, regarding this as the platform, the text has analysed the concept of the scientific evidence, procedure function of the scientific evidence, studied the value of the scientific evidence, put forward standard that scientific evidence can adopt should be : the scientific knowledge of the basis has validity, relevancy with the factum probanda the method and conclusion have reliability

    本文以法官如何審查認定科學證據，限制專家話語權擴張對糾紛解決機制的侵襲為立論平臺，從實證分析我國目前鑒定體制的混亂切入，從科學哲學的角度闡述了科學知識的本體論問題，以此為平臺，分析了科學證據的概念、科學證據的程序功能，研究了科學證據的價值，提出科學證據可採的標準應當是：依據的科學知識具有有效性，與待證事實具有相關性，方法和結論具有可靠性。
  6. With the ways of our countrys criminal litigation court trials changing from inquisitorial proceedings to adversary procedures and the progressing of the criminal jurisdiction reformation, discovery is becoming an unavoidable issue in criminal litigation in our country. in practice, many jurisdictional authorities in our country have tried to explore and try it since 1999. this article, through comparing the discovery system among britain, america and japan, through analyzing the present actual situation of our countrys criminal litigation and from the aspects of the litigation modes, jurisdiction justice and the necessity for deepening the reformation of criminal trials, has proved that it is necessary and emergent in practice and applicable in theory to establish the discovery regime in our country

    隨著我國刑事訴訟法庭審判方式由審問制向對抗制的轉變和刑事審判方式改革的進一步深化，證據展示便成為刑事訴訟中的一個不可迴避的問題，實踐中不少司法機關從1999年始即已進行了證據展示的探索和嘗試，本文從英美日國家的證據展示制度的規定和比較入手，通過對我國刑事訴訟運作現狀的分析，從刑事訴訟模式、訴訟公正價值觀和深化刑事審判方式改革的角度，論證了證據展示制度在我國的建立具有現實上的必要性、緊迫性和理論上的合理性，並在此基礎上對證據展示的主體、責任、內容作了理論上的探討研究。
  7. This paper, takes rli as an object of study, takes property rights relationship and management relationship of rural land as a main clue, takes raising the management benefit into full play of rural land and ensuring rural land sustainable utilization as objective, uses the theory of western institution economics and market economics for reference, adopts the method of study of combining macro analysis with microanalysis and combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, reviews systematically the developing process of rli in china since the founding of our country and the developing tendency of rli in the world, summarizes the influence law of rli to rural land management benefit, analyses the innovative mechanis m. institutive achievement and being faced with difficult position and gauntlet of the present rli in china, and defines the objective and following principles of rli innovation proceeding from the actual conditions of our country. on the basis of these, constructs the innovative models by stages of rural land property rights institution and management institution, which accords with the market economic law and the law by stages of rural economic developing levels and gives consideration to efficiency and fair

    本文以農村土地制度為研究對象，以農村土地的產權關系和經營關系為主線，以農村經濟發展水平（包括農村生產力發展水平和農村工業化、城鎮化水平）和農民的承受能力為依據，以最大限度地提高農地經營效益、確保農地資源的可持續利用為目的，借鑒西方新制度經濟學理論和市場經濟理論，採用宏觀分析與微觀分析、定量分析與定性分析、規范研究與實證研究相結合的研究方法，系統地回顧了建國后我國農地制度的演變過程及世界農地制度的演變趨勢，總結了農地制度對農地經營效益的影響規律，分析了我國現行的家庭承包經營責任制的創新機理、制度績效及其面臨的困境與挑戰，並從我國的實際出發，確定了農地制度創新的目標及應遵循的原則，在此基礎上構建符了符合市場經濟規律和農村經濟發展水平的階段性規律、兼顧效率和社會公平的階段性農地產權制度創新模式及其對應的經營制度創新模式。
  8. Three main error sources are the variation of intensities, the orientation errors associated with the configurations of the polariscope and the initial stress existing in the model. a quantitative method is presented to analyze and estimate the influence of different error sources on the final isoclinic results calculated by fcpst or the other pst

    本文提出它們影響五步彩色相移法的定量誤差分析方法；提出控制各誤差的具體指標；給出了避免或降低這些誤差源影響的措施，為合理設計製造儀器、指導實驗和保證實驗結果的精度提供了依據。
  9. The paper refer to the two oil pollution compensation regimes, one is established by the 1969 international convention on civil liability for oil pollution damage and the 1971 international convention on the establishment of an international fund for compensation for oil pollution damage, another is established by the oil pollution act of 1990 of america, combine with the oil pollution compensation cases in recent years, introduce the present situation of oil pollution compensation in our country, discuss several problems in practice of oil pollution compensation, such as the scope of oil pollution compensation, the claimant of oil pollution compensation, the responsible party and liability of oil pollution compensation, the evidence of oil pollution damage case, the limits on liability of oil pollution compensation, present that our country would draft the oil pollution compensation law according to the principles of the oil pollution act of 1990 of america and establish the complete oil pollution compensation regime, which the responsible party and the user of oil joint compensa te the oil pollution damage, expect to completely settle the problems of oil pollution compensation

    本文比較《 69民事責任公約》 、 《 71基金公約》及其議定書和美國《 1990年油污法》建立的兩套油污損害賠償的法律制度，結合近年來油污損害賠償的案例，介紹了我國油污損害賠償的現狀，並就油污染損害賠償實踐中的油污損害賠償范圍、油污損害賠償的索賠主體、油污損害賠償主體和責任、油污損害案件的證據問題、油污損害賠償的責任限制幾個具體法律問題展開討論，提出我國可以重點參照美國《 1990年油污法》制定專門的《油污損害賠償法》 ，建立由污染責任人和油類受益人共同賠償的完整油污損害賠償制度，以期徹底解決油污損害賠償的問題。
  10. To restructure the basic principles of the civil mediation system, perfect the procedural rules, truly implement principles of self - willingness and judgement authority, so as to restore the original requirements of a mediation system. to implement a policy of limited case review, so as to maintain the effect of the mediation agreement, and the authority of a court mediation. meanwhile, to give the litigants certain subsidy rights, so as to achieve a balance between the litigation interests and private law interests

    要重新構建民事訴訟模式，完善民事訴訟證據規則，固定法官的中立角色，減少調解過程中的強制；要建立多元化的替代性糾紛解決機制，使民事訴訟調解制度更具系統化；要重構民事調解制度的基本原則，完善程序性規定，落實自願原則和處分權原則，還調解制度本來的要求；要實行有限再審，維護調解協議的效力和法院調解的權威，同時，給予當事人一定的救濟權利，實現訴訟利益和私法利益的平衡。
  11. According to the civil procedure act and relevant laws of china, occasional evidence presentation had been put into judiciary practices for a long time, which brought great difficulties in the implementation of proof burden system and caused poor efficiency and a waste of judiciary resources

    按照我國《民事訴訟法》及相關法律規定，在我國的民事司法實踐中長期以來實行的是「證據隨時提出主義」 ，這使得我國的舉證責任制度無法落到實處，並由此暴露出「證據突襲」 、重復審理等弊端，造成審判效率低下、司法資源嚴重浪費。
  12. This part makes an analysis of the legislation of evidence collecting system, questions the enactment of parties " applying for the court to investigate and collect evidence for objective causes and then dissects the state when parties will find it hard to collect adequate evidence for lack of procedural safeguards of collecting evidence and its consequent on abuses in the judicial practice

    本部分對建國以來我國證據收集制度的立法狀況作了評析，重點質疑了當事人因「客觀原因」申請法院調查收集證據的規定，剖析了當事人因缺乏收集證據權利程序保障難以收集到充分的證據材料的狀況及由此在司法實踐中所生成的諸多弊端。
  13. Therefore, based on the theories of procedure law, evidence law and forensic authentication, as well as in view of problems and actualities in practice, the introduction of this thesis sets its aim of writing, i. e. first, systematically summarizing the main contents on which expertise is reviewed and evaluated ; second, putting forward a constructive system of review and evaluation of expertise, which tends to be practical in judicial practice

    本文引言在吸收訴訟法、證據法和司法鑒定相關理論的基礎上，針對現實狀況和現存問題，結合自己的理解和思考確定了文章的寫作方向，即：以解決現實問題為基本出發點，著重對鑒定結論審查評斷的主要內容和司法實踐中的操作程序進行一個較為全面的總結和系統的制度設計。
  14. Under the supervisor ' s instruction, the author, setting out from the angles of e - business status quo in china and the development of international lawmaking of electronic signature, makes a comprehensive research and discusses in depth on legal effect of electronic signature, evidential function of electronic signature, authentication system and the legislation of electronic signature, etc. and draws the following conclusions :. it is necessary to emend the related laws of signing in effect, or to stipulate a new law to establish the legal status and legal effect of electronic signature, to regulate and standardize the usage of electronic signature, so as to promote the e - business in china

    作者從我國電子商務的發展現狀及電子簽名國際立法動態的角度出發，在閱讀大量相關文獻、資料、專論的基礎上，積極借鑒國際先進立法實踐及經驗，在導師的指導下，對電子簽名的法律效力、證據力、認證制度及電子簽名立法等法律問題進行了廣泛且有一定深度的探討，並得出如下結論：一、有必要對我國現行的相關簽名法律進行修訂，或另行制定新法，確立電子簽名的法律地位和效力，調整和規范電子簽名的使用，以促進我國電子商務的發展。
  15. Finally, in order to perfect the scientific evidence system of our country, it proposes to adhere to surveyor ' s system, optimize the procedure of the scientific evidence system, ensure professional ethics quality and scientific quality, raise the compounding judicial personnel proportion, and apply methodology of natural science field

    最後，為完善我國科學證據制度，提出：堅持鑒定人制度、優化科學證據制度的程序、藉助市場來保障專家的職業道德素質和科學證據的質量、提高復合型司法工作者的比例、應用科學領域的方法論。
  16. In order to compensate investors " damages and punish deceivers " illegal activities, legislators have extended the conception of legal fraud from civil law to securities law. this policy also decides that securities fraud is a given legal definition, which breaks through that on civil juristic act in constitutive elements and legal consequences, and closes to that on law of torts in essence

    將民事欺詐的概念延伸至證券領域，主要是為補償投資者的經濟損失和制裁欺詐者的違法行為提供法律依據，這一立法政策決定了證券欺詐是一個特定的法律概念，在構成要件和法律後果兩方面突破了民事法律行為制度中的欺詐，在性質上更接近於侵權法上的欺詐責任。
  17. The rule of criminal evidence includes rules and principles and prescripts about the concepts of evidence in criminal proceeding and achieving evidence and providing evidence and affirming evidence, which are ruled and affirmed in law

    刑事證據制度是指法律規定和確認的關于刑事訴訟的證據及相關概念，以及在刑事訴訟中取證、舉證、確證的規則、原則和具體性規定。
  18. First of all, this text accords with the provision on expert witness " system and surveyor ' s system in two fundamental law systems to define the definition of the scientific evidence

    首先，文章結合兩大法系關于鑒定人制度和專家證人制度的規定，界定科學證據的定義。
  19. The text mainly divides into the introduction, the main body, and the conclusion three major parts, and the main body contains three major parts : the first part about administrative evidence system basic question research, contains the administrative evidence concept localization, the administrative evidence system research significance as well as the administrative evidence and comparison of the administrative proceedings evidence ; the second part about the administrative evidence type division research, in which contains administrative evidence type outline as well as our country administration evidence type determination ; the third part about the removing rule of illegal administrative evidence, in which contains the possibility of the establishment of the removing rule of illegal administrative evidence, the necessity of the establishment of the removing rule of illegal administrative evidence in our country as well as its content and appraisal

    文本主要分為引言、本體和結語三大部分，其中本體又包含三大部分:第一部分關於行政證據制度基本問題研究，其中包含行政證據概念定位、行政證據制度研究的意義以及行政證據與行政訴訟證據之比較;第二部分關於行政證據種類劃分研究，其中包含行政證據種類的概述以及我國行政證據種類的確定;第三部分關於行政證據之非法排除規則研究，其中包含非法排除規則確立的可能性、我國行政證據非法排除規則確立的必要性以及我國行政程序中確立非法證據排除規則的內容及其評價。
  20. First, the generality of the rule of criminal evidence ; in this part, the penman defines the concept of evidence and implication and expressive forms and the rule of criminal evidence. moreover, emphasizes on explaining its important significance to the realization. second, the historic evolution of the rule of criminal evidence in china, as an important component of a civil law system, the rule of criminal evidence appears with different sorts of the rule of evidence in different countries

    一、刑事證據制度概說通過對證據的概念加以定義，並對刑事訴訟證據的含義及表現形式、刑事訴訟證據制度的概念加以說明，著重說明刑事訴訟證據制度對刑法的實現具有重要的意義；二、我國刑事證據制度的歷史發展刑事證據制度作為國家法律制度的重要組成部分，在不同歷史類型的國家，有不同的證據制度。
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