法律推定 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎlǜtuīdìng]
法律推定 英文
law presumption
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 推 : 動詞1 （向外用力使物體移動） push; shove 2 （磨或碾） turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 （剪或削...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  • 推定 : calculation
  1. Here the big premises mainly consists of statue and case law

    法律推理的大前提主要有制定法和判例。
  2. To adduce adequate evidence is called burden of adducing evidence, and to adduce evidence to prove the fact presented is cal led burden of demonstration

    提出足夠數量證據的責任，稱為提供證據責任。利用證據對所主張的事實加以證明或者推翻不利推定，並達到法律規定的程度的責任，稱為論證責任。
  3. In continental law system countries, burden of proof includes burden of adducing evidence, burden of persuasion. burden of adducing evidence means that the subjects in criminal procedure who initiate trial procedure and require the courts to judge according to their demands or subject whom there is presumption against must adduce adequate " evidence of the fact to prove that the evidence is on the demand of proof. otherwise the subjects will fail in the suit

    筆者認為，刑事訴訟證明責任，是指在刑事訴訟中引起審判程序啟動並要求法院依其主張裁判或存在對其不利之法律推定的刑事訴訟主體，必須就其主張的對定罪量刑具有決定作用的待證特定事實或者為推翻不利的推定事實提出足夠證據，並利用證據對該事實或或者為推翻不利的推定事實加以證明到法律規定的程度。
  4. Sending our file around and around for opinions serves no interest because there is a clear law that needs to be respected and applied, now lets have a serious and concrete meeting & raquo ;

    政府部門把我們遞交的文件推來推去，從未重視過，因為那裡有明確的法律規定，他們必須要尊重和遵守，現在讓我們舉行一個嚴肅而且具體的會議。 」
  5. Some traditional local practices were not given enough recognition ; therefore incidents occur as national laws cannot be enforced well in certain areas, conflicts arise between national law and civil codes, and legal dispute settlement mechanism is inconsistent with the civil practice

    一些地方性的古老的傳統並沒有得到應有的尊重，因此，造成了許多國家法律推行不下去，或者國家法和民間法發生沖突，國家法定糾紛解決方式和民間糾紛解決方式不協調的現象。
  6. This article is mainly a discussion on the spiritual damage compensation for close relatives of victim under the situations of damage to right of life, damage to the right of health and damage to the right of personality of the dead, which is based on an introduction and comparison of the concerned foreign legal regulations and academic theories and in combination with the legal practice in china wherefore the author put forwards his own ideas as following : first, under the condition that there is a distance of time between inj ury and death, the close relatives of the dead shall inherit the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation of the dead for the suffering before his death, in addition to their own intrinsic right of claim for spiritual damage compensation ; the second, under the condition that the inflictor has caused the disablement of the sufferer or serious damage to his health, the close relative in a limited cycle of the sufferer should be granted with the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation, which is confirmed in law and becomes a practice in foreign countries ; the third, since the aim of the law to protect the personality of the dead from infringement is to protect the benefits of the close relatives of the dead and to maintain public benefits, is constituted on the personality of the dead the close relative of the dead may initial legal proceeding for spiritual damage compensation

    本文重點探討的就是公民生命權受到侵害、健康權受到侵害、 「死者人格」受到侵害這三種情形下的受害人近親屬的精神損害賠償請求權問題。探討以介紹和比較國外相關法律規定和學術理論為前提，結合我國的實際情況，從理論與實踐相結合的角度對以上各問題分別進行了分析，並提出了作者自己的一些見解：第一、在公民從受傷害到死亡有一段時間距離的情形下，死者的近親屬除依法享有其固有的精神損害賠償請求權以外，還可以繼承死者生前就其所受之精神損害而享有的精神損害賠償請求權；第二、在加害人的行為已造成直接受害人殘疾，或者是造成其健康嚴重受損的其他後果的情形下，我國應在借鑒國外已有立法和判例的基礎上，賦予一定范圍內的受害人近親屬以精神損害賠償請求權；第三、法律保護死者人格不受侵害的目的是為了保護死者近親屬的利益和維護公共利益，一般情形下，只要死者近親屬能證明其訴訟主體的合法性，能夠證實侵害「死者人格」的行為已構成侵權，即可推定死者近親屬因此而遭受了精神痛苦? ?無須舉證的「名義上的精神損害」 ，死者近親屬即可提起精神損害賠償之訴。最後，本文認為，加強對受害人近親屬的權利和利益保護問題的研究，既有一定的必要性，同時又具有十分重要的現實意義。
  7. But this is on the assumption that the community will accept the bad money and not demand the good money as a medium of exchange

    當然，以上的推論是建基於大眾會接受劣幣例如是通過法律規定，不會硬要以良幣作為交易媒介的假設。
  8. At present, china is undergoing rapid economic development and tax collection reform is progressing continuously in practice. the task of enhancing tax collection is endless, we should notice that there are a lot of shortcomings in the tax collection despite of its achievements and consequently the actual implement divorced from law regulations

    當前，我國的經濟發展突飛猛進，稅收征管改革也在實踐中不斷向前推進。加強稅收征管是永無止境的，即便成績斐然，也應該看到，我國稅收征管還存在許多不盡人意的地方，造成了實際執行與法律規定相脫節。
  9. , ( b ) and ( c ) the proposal to invite id card registrants to voluntarily indicate their consent to donate their organ ( s ) upon their death for human transplant purposes has to be considered in terms of its effectiveness in promoting organ donation, the legal requirements involved as well as the technical and administrative feasibility

    、 （二）及（三）關于邀請身份證登記人自願表明同意在去世后捐贈器官作人體器官移植用途的建議，我們必須考慮這項建議對推廣器官捐贈是否具有成效、當中涉及的法律規定，以及在技術和行政方面的可行性。
  10. The second step of legal reasoning is to define and state the legal facts

    法律推理的第二步是認定和陳述法律事實。
  11. Three, notarial testimonials are issued with strict content and formulation on the base of the stipulations by substantive laws and procedural laws. different from ordinary evidence, it possesses special legal validity and comes to evidence with special effect. the people ' s court shall take the acts, facts and documents legalized by notarization as the basis for ascertaining facts, unless there is evidence to the contrary sufficient to invalidate the notariz

    公證制度與司法經濟的價值取向是一致的，公證作為司法預防制度應成為規制社會秩序、促進經濟發展的重要法律制度; （三）公證文書的出具必須具備實體法和程序法關于真實、合法的要求，內容和形式都有嚴格的法律規定，有別於一般的證據，具有特殊的法律效力和證據效力，除非有相反證據足以推翻公證證明，法院可以直接採用經過公證的法律事實裁判，體現出公證的權威和效率原則。
  12. According to it, the passage divides the cases into three types : violation complains, non - violation complains and situation complains. the legal presumption of benefits nullification or impairment is the key concept in the violation cases

    法律推定利益的喪失或損害，是構成「違反之訴」的最基本概念，義務的違反構成了利益的喪失或損害的初步證據。
  13. We studied the type of joint act of tort, included common injury act, common dangerous act and injuring others in partnership. its intension is that several people have joint fault for damage or joint fault inferred by law, including common intention and common mistake

    研究了共同侵權行為的類型，包括共同加害行為、共同危險行為、合夥致人損害等行為:內涵即數個行為人對損害結果具有共同過錯或法律推定的共同過錯，既包括共同故意，又包括共同過失。
  14. Many interpretive legal presumptive rules, subject to the common rules, are used for the examination of the application for bio - tech inventions patents. furthermore, the new or novelty. distinctness, uniformity and stability requirements for the grant of the breeder ' s right in the upovc approximately but not exactly express the long - established requirements for the grant of patents. clearly, the articles of the scope of the breeder ' s right connote the inventive step requirement for the grant thereof

    然而由於生物技術的特性使然，生物技術發明的可專利性審查還是使用了大量的闡釋性法律推定規則，但是這絲毫不表明生物技術發明的可專利性分析是在傳統專利制度外另立爐灶，恰好相反，這些法律推定規則正是傳統專利制度可專利性審查普遍規則的闡釋形式並受普遍規則的驗證和補充。
  15. The article defines the audit report ' s authenticity, accuracy and completeness regulated in the securities law according to the revision of some detailed auditing rules ; defines the cpa ' s ordinary negligence, gross negligence and fraud according to cpa ' s profession characteristics ; classifies the degree of wrongs of cpas and burden of proof : when audit report exists in the prospectus or listing statement, cpa is liable for ordinary negligence ; when it exists in annual report, cpa is liable for gross negligence, these negligence are inferred by law

    由於對注冊會計師的過錯也存在不同看法，本部分根據其職業特點，對其過錯的含義重新界定。根據審計報告所出現的披露文件的影響范圍不同，對注冊會計師承擔責任的過錯程度及舉證進行區分，出現在招股說明書與上市報告書中時，注冊會計師承擔普通過失責任，出現在年度報告中時，承擔重大過失責任，且都由法律推定過失存在，但如果要想讓注冊會計師承擔故意責任時，原告需負舉證責任。
  16. Secondly, the principle of constructive causation is a value use for reference in affirming causation between insider ' s act and investor ' s damage, which means appropriate causation can be inferred from that investor has good intentions and deals with insider simultaneously in the opposite direction

    其次，在因果關系的認定上應當適用推定因果關系，即投資者只要能證明其為善意並同時為相反方向交易，法律便推定行為人的行為與投資者的損害事實之問有相當的因果關系，法律推定因果關系成立。
  17. With the labor contract system implementing, our country has entered into the comprehensive implementation stage from the stage carried out the labor contract. the labor contract system has already become the main system for the labor relation. with our economic system reform going deeply, the environment which the labor law was constituted has had a huge change, which and the insufficiency of the law system caused the labor contract unable to meet the practical need

    但是這是一部在我國經濟體制改革過程中制定的調整勞動關系的法律，隨著勞動合同制度的實施，我國已經從最初的推行勞動合同的階段，進入了全面實行的階段，勞動合同制度已經成為勞動用工關系中的主要制度，由於我國經濟體制改革的不斷深入，勞動法律制定時的環境發生了巨大的變化，以及法律制度本身的不足，勞動合同在適用上已經不能滿足現實的需要。
  18. To remove legal impediments to electronic transactions and e - government, the bill also proposes the acceptance of electronic records as satisfying the requirement in law of serving documents by post or in person in specified cases

    為了消除某些法律條文對推行電子交易和電子政府構成的障礙，條例草案亦建議，某些根據法律規定必須以郵遞或面交送達方式送達的文件，如以電子紀錄的形式送達，也被接納為符合有關規定。
  19. As far as corporation promoter ' s liability is concerned, there are many defects about our country ' s current company law, which is the product of changing planned economy into market oriented economy. this paper promotes several ideas and related legislative advice in hope to benefit the legal system construction upon the analysis of mentioned defects, the study of western advanced company legislative experience and the economy development legal practice of china. the whole thesis consists of four parts

    本文擬在比較研究市場經濟立法先進國家和地區關于公司發起人的法律規定及法學理論，並且通過剖析我國現行的公司發起人民事責任制度的缺陷，參考外國先進公司立法成果並結合進入市場經濟新環境下的我國社會經濟及公司立法、司法實踐，提出關于重構我國發起人民事責任法律制度的幾點設想及相關立法建議，以期通過理論探討推動法律制度的建設並對立法有所裨益。
  20. Article 6 the villagers committee shall publicize the constitution, laws, regulations and state policies among the villagers ; help them understand the importance of performing their obligation as proscribed by law and cherishing public property and encourage them to do so ; safeguard the villagers ' lawful rights and interests ; develop culture and education, and disseminate scientific and technological knowledge among the villagers ; promote unity and mutual assistance between villages ; and carry out various forms of activities for the building of advanced socialist ethics

    第六條村民委員會應當宣傳憲法、法律、法規和國家的政策，教育和推動村民履行法律規定的義務，愛護公共財產，維護村民的合法的權利和利益，發展文化教育，普及科技知識，促進村和村之間的團結、互助，開展多種形式的社會主義精神文明建設活動。
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