波能密度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bōnéngmìdù]
波能密度
英文
wave energy density-
If intermittent small scale breaking is occurring, the average energy density is limited by conditions near the long wave crests.
如果間歇性的小尺度破碎正在發生，平均能量密度就要受到長波波峰附近狀況的限制。The ability of the ionosphere to reflect these waves is dependent upon normal variations in the electron density at different levels.
電離層反射電波的能力取決于不同高度上電子密度的正常差別。The key components in laser gyro is he - ne ring laser, and the reciprocal action theory between light and medium is the base in studying the ring laser, use the lamb half classical theory, and on the base of density matrix theory, the optical brounch equation was established, which described the movement of amplifying medium atom in the ring syntonic cavity, and according to the medium polarize theory the self consistent equations was deduced, which describe the light intensity and phasic of the counter - propagating wave. on the basis of this equations, adopted the simulation software matlab and virtual instrument programming language labwindows / cvi, we can do some simulated experiments in study the phenomenas such as amplify and dispersive characteristic of medium, mode pushing effection, burned hole effection and pattern competition, lock - in of frequency and the characteristic of light intensity and phasic of the counter - propagating wave in laser gyro
激光陀螺的核心部件為he - ne環形激光器，而掌握光與介質的相互作用理論是研究激光器的關鍵，採用拉姆半經典理論為主，在密度矩陣理論的基礎上，推導環形諧振腔中描述he - ne氣體增益介質原子運動的光學布洛赫方程，運用介質極化理論得出描述激光陀螺反向行波的光強、位相所滿足的自洽場方程組，在此基礎上，運用matlab模擬軟體和虛擬儀器編程語言labwindows / cvi ，對激光陀螺中的介質增益色散特性、頻率牽引效應、燒孔效應及模競爭、閉鎖效應及環激光的光強和相位特性進行模擬試驗研究，並且運用全量子理論，對激光工作原理進行分析，得出二能級系統單模輻射場的光子數密度分佈，得出激光場的光子統計分佈，模擬激光場的動態建立過程。In this paper, high - order accurate weighted essentially non - oscillatory ( weno ) schemes are investigated and their applications in hyperbolic conservation laws are discussed. based on this, a new weno difference scheme which based on dispersion - relation - preserving relation is developed, and representative test cases with this scheme for computational aeroacoustics ( caa ) problems has been implemented and compared in order to test capability of wave capturing ; in addition, weno schemes generally do not converge at high order in the presence of contact discontinuity of euler equations, so a conservative front tracking technique coupling weno schemes and level set method to simulate the translating density profile is presented here, and numerical simulation with this technique for representative test case has been implemented and results show the desired accuracy
本文研究了高階精度加權基本無振蕩（ weno ）格式及其在雙曲守恆律方程中的應用，在此基礎上作了兩個方面的工作：一是針對高頻聲波問題構造出一種基於保色散關系（ drp ）的weno有限差分格式，並對計算氣動聲學（ caa ）問題的代表性算例進行了大量數值實驗，比較了該格式捕捉波數的能力；另外，針對高階weno格式在處理euler方程的接觸間斷時精度有所降低的問題，研究了利用界面追蹤技術levelset方法和高階激波捕捉weno格式相結合的一種守恆追蹤方法，並且給出有代表性的密度滑移面問題的算例，得到一致高階精度的數值模擬結果。This thesis was divided into eight chapters, and the main results and innovations obtained here can be summarized as follows : ( 1 ) the physics model of tsrs in frequency conversion crystals has been built up firstly. based on quantum - mechanical viewpoints and the following physical processes and parameters : the two - photo interaction of light with matter, paraxial diffraction of stokes, langevin noise sources, reflection at the faces and the edges of crystals, gain coefficient, beam aperture, pulse width and fluence of 3, the physics model of tsrs in kdp and kdp crystals acting as high - fluence frequency convector and the paraxial operator maxwell - bloch - langevin equations have been built up
全文共分八章，取得的主要成果及創新點如下： （ 1 ）首次建立了諧波轉換晶體的tsrs物理模型本文根據量子力學原理，在考慮如下物理過程和參量的基礎上：光與物質的雙光子相互作用； stokes光的傍軸衍射； langevin （郎茲萬）噪聲源；晶體表面反射和端面反射；增益系數、光束口徑、脈寬和三倍頻光能量密度，推導出高通量激光在kdp和kd ~ * p諧波轉換晶體中的tsrs物理模型和空間上的近軸算符maxwell - bloch - langevin方程組。Present a modified particle filter ( pf ) algorithm based on the los / nlos binary state information of propagation environment using the numerical method of the probability density function ( pdf ) about the hybrid noise. the key idea is using numerical method to calculate the hybrid noise pdf, and integrating binary environment information to get filtering result
2 .給出了應用粒子濾波器改進直達波與非直達波混合環境中移動終端跟蹤性能的新演算法，特色是利用數值方法計算混合噪聲密度函數，結合二元環境信息完成濾波估計。Hollow ferrites particles are the alternative to conventional solid ferrites particles, which have lower density, larger specific surface area and stability. moreover, it is expected electromagnetic wave can be reflected and absorbed again and again in the cavum of hollow particles which become its black hole. in addition, their electromagnetic parameters can be adjusted in a certain range by changing the thickness of the shell and the diameter of hollow microspheres, and the ability of absorbing microwave can be expected to improve
空心結構的鐵氧體是對傳統實心鐵氧體的改造，不僅密度小，還具有特殊的電、磁功能，有可能使電磁波在其空腔中反復振蕩吸收，成為電磁波的「黑洞」 ，從而增加材料的吸波能力，同時可通過調節核殼粒子的內外徑來調控電磁參數。The signal process function of the software include these function : digital filter, windowing, auto - correlation function and cross - correlation function, mean and variance, probability density function and probability distribution function statistic ; auto - power spectrum, cross - power spectrum, frequency response function, coherence function, cepstrum analysis based on fft ( fast fourier transfer ) ; joint time - frequency analysis based on stft ( short - time fourier transfer )
軟體的處理功能包括：數字濾波、時域加窗、自相關與互相關處理、均值和方差計算、概率密度和概率分佈函數計算；在快速傅立葉變換（ fft ）基礎上計算自功率譜、互功率譜、頻率響應函數、相干函數、倒頻譜分析；基於短時傅立葉變換（ stft ）的聯合時頻分析等。Water dielectric pulse power modulator has been widely applied because of its merits of high energy storage density, compactness, and capability to drive low impedance high power microwave sources. research for multi - pulse operation of high power spark gap switch with high current and comprehending its physical properties are the basis to study multi - pulse operation or repetitive operation of water dielectric pulse power modulator
水介質脈沖功率調制器具有儲能密度高，結構緊湊、與低阻抗微波源較好匹配的特點，因此得到廣泛的應用，但是受到高功率、大電流氣體開關的絕緣恢復的影響，水介質等低阻抗脈沖功率調制器的重復頻率運行或多脈沖運行受到較大的限制。The velocity, density and especially the anisotropic parameter which is important to the study of fractured formation can be achieved by the generalized linear inversion based on the ava inversion equations
用此反演方程對ti介質進行多波ava參數反演，不但可以求出地層速度及密度，還能得到各向異性系數，該參數對裂隙型地層研究具有重要意義。Analysis for magnetic field of srm is very complicated since the flux waveforms in different parts of the motor vary with motor phase, stator pole and rotor number, also with the winding connections, etc, which results in the srm losses, especially iron loss calculation difficult. the temperature analysis due to the losses has become a study hot spot
Sr電機鐵心的磁通波形不僅與電機的相數有關，還與定、轉子齒極數、定子繞組連接方式等密切相關，從而使得sr電機磁場分析很復雜，復雜的磁通密度波形導致電機損耗特別是鐵損的計算非常困難。電機的損耗又會引起電機的溫升，因此高性能的sr電機的熱分析也成為目前的研究熱點。With the material dynamic constitutive equation including damage and the effect of stain rate the predictable formula about ballistic limit velocity of fiber composite target. secondly based on the damage feature about ceramic / fiber composite target caused by impact load, analysis model about defense performance of ceramic / composite material target is formed and the predictable formula about ballistic limit velocity is also given. lastly using the reflection and projectile theory of stress wave the paper discusses the design of ceramic / composite material target, optimizes the design of double layer ceramic / composite targets, gains optimal coefficient under certain area density and discusses the variety relationship of area density and thickness with optimal coefficient u nder some ballistic limit velocity 3
首先，分析了纖維類正交鋪層復合靶板在沖擊載荷作用下的損傷破壞機理，結合包含損傷和應變率效應的材料動態本構方程，建立了纖維復合材料板彈道極限速度的預測公式；其次，根據陶瓷/纖維材料復合靶板在沖擊載荷下的破壞特點，建立了陶瓷/復合材料靶板抗彈性能分析模型，給出了彈道極限速度預測公式；最後，利用應力波反射和透射理論討論了陶瓷/復合材料靶板的設計問題，對雙層陶瓷復合靶板的優化設計進行了分析，給出了在一定面密度下的最佳優化系數，討論了一定彈道極限速度下的面密度和厚度隨優化系數的變化關系。Based on the spectral irradiance measured with the sun - atmosphere ultraviolet spectrum radiometer ( sauvs ) developed by the institute of atmosphere physics and the changchun institute of optics and fine mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, measuring the direct and scatter irradiance spectrum of ultraviolet waveband which arrives in beijing global surface, giving a method of retrieving the aerosol optical depth ( aod ) and put up with primary results that exponential function can fit the retrieval results according to its visibility, putting forth different coefficients and functions on variable visibility, also giving a primary analysis on the aod in dust - storm day and some contrast between sun - day and dust - storm day, analyzing the ratio between scatter and total irradiance, and its relationship with atmosphere mass and total atmosphere optical depth, lastly contrasting with the survey results by aeronet beijing station, the results of retrieval is in reason, this work gives some help in researching the co - effect of aerosol - radiance - climate and makes preparation for further survey on the radiance characteristics of dust
利用中國科學院大氣物理研究所與長春光學精密機械研究所合作研製的太陽?大氣紫外光譜輻射計（ sauvs ） ，測量到達北京地表的太陽直接和散射紫外光譜輻射，導出了大氣氣溶膠的光學厚度。初步結果表明：北京紫外波段大氣氣溶膠的光學厚度在絕大部分情況下隨波長的增加而單調減小，用指數函數可以較好地擬合反演結果，統計得到了三個水平能見度狀況下擬合函數的系數值和公式表達式；初步分析了揚沙、浮塵、沙塵暴天氣條件下氣溶膠光學厚度的特點，並與一般晴朗天氣條件下的氣溶膠光學厚度特點做了比較分析；分析了太陽紫外譜輻射中散射輻射與大氣質量、大氣總光學厚度的定性關系和定量表達式；最後與全球氣溶膠監測網路（ aeronet ）北京站的資料做比對，表明反演結果基本合理。This paper systematically discussed the fundamental, characteristics, research status and equipment of microwave sintering, and introduced the preparation and development of sintered ndfeb magnets, on the basis of which the effects of the parameters on the heating rate and sintering temperature were investigated. and by means of optical metallurgical analysis, x - ray diffraction analysis and the measurement of density and magnetic properties, the paper compared the properties and technology of ndfeb magnets sintered in microwave magnetic field with that of magnets sintered in conventional heating process
本文系統論述了微波燒結基本原理、特點、研究現狀和燒結設備，介紹了燒結ndfeb制備工藝和發展，在此基礎上研究了微波磁場燒結ndfeb永磁材料過程中各因素對升溫速率、燒結溫度的影響，並通過金相顯微分析、 x射線衍射分析、密度及磁性能測試等手段，將微波磁場燒結的ndfeb磁體與常規燒結的磁體進行了工藝與性能的對比分析。It is found that the fwm field can cause the asymmetry of electromagnetically induce transparency profile. in addition, the effect of different propagating orientations of probe field on the electromagnetically induced transparency is also discussed. in the molecular multi - level system with the perturbed superposition levels, we discuss the electromagnetically induced transparency, spontaneous emission enhancement, double dark resonance and double electromagnetically induced transparency by using the density matrix equation under weisskopf - winger approximation and dressed - state density matrix equation
針對實際的實驗條件，考慮了一種影響量子干涉的新的因素-四波混頻場，研究了四波混頻場對雙光子探測的-型能級體系的eit的影響，發現四波混頻場能夠導致雙光子探測的eit線型的不對稱，在此基礎上，討論了不同探測場的傳播方式對eit的影響，針對分子中實際存在的包含有微擾能級的不同多能級系統，我們分別採用綴飾態繪景下的密度矩陣方程和weisskopf - wigner近似下的密度矩陣方程詳細地討論了電磁感應透明、自發輻射的干涉相消和相長、雙暗態共振和雙電磁感應透明現象。On the basis of zakharov equations in frame of strong turbulence, it is shown that langmuir waves excited by transverse pumping plasmons near critical surface may collapse, leading to the formation of density cavity due to ponderomotive force
從圖像中可看出，激光與等離子體的相互作用導致橫波與朗繆爾波之間出現的能量均分現象和密度空穴。This effects can be explained as follows : the radiation conditions are actually impedance matching condition in terms of microwave network, for a fixed dimension of a resonator and output transformer, only below the critical plasma density ", the matching condition can be satisfied in the smith circle map
我們提出，這一現象可從阻抗匹配的角度來解釋。對於一確定尺寸的腔體、阻抗變換器，存在一個等離子體密度的臨界值，只有在等離子體密度低於這個臨界值時，腔體的輸出阻抗和波導的特性阻抗才能滿足匹配，即滿足所謂的輻射條件。Some researches about frequency doubling are made, and two methods to improve intensity of second frequency generation are given. we realized q - switched 532 nm laser, by using nd : gdvo4 as laser crystal, using cr4 + : yag as saturable absorber, using ktp as intra - cavity frequency doubling crystal. average power of 109mw, repetition of 40khz, pulse width of 30ns, pulse energy of 2. 6uj, peak power of 91w are obtained
4 .對倍頻理論進行研究和分析:討論兩種提高二次諧波功率密度的方一法;實驗匕在國內首次實現ld端面泵浦nd : gdvo4 / ktp ，用cr4 + : yag作為可飽和吸收片的綠光激光器，腔內倍頻得到了平均功率為109mw 、重復頻率為40khz 、脈寬為3ons 、單脈沖能量為2 . 6閃、峰值功率為glw的調q綠光輸出。The varied rule of increment ( the equation is abbreviated ) of water depth - wave length ratio shows that wave length decreases with a complicated process, related with increasing density of wave energy
水深波長比差值（方程式略）的變化規律反映出淺水波長縮減為一復雜過程，並與波能密度加大相關。By theory and practice simulation, the several types of constant envelope modulation techniques are analyzed and compared, including theirs modulation principle, phase path, the modulated wave envelope, power spectrums, error bit rate and the influence of its power spectrums of the band - limited and non - linear, etc. especially we have researched the ijf - oqpsk modulation technique, and the performance of its inter - symbol interference and time jitter free, and its strongly resisting of spectral spreading
結合理論和實驗模擬結果，分析討論了衛星通信中的各種恆包絡調制技術，對它們的調制原理，相位路徑，已調波包絡，功率譜密度，誤碼性能，以及帶限非線性通道對其功率譜的影響等方面都作了研究和比較。特別研究了ijf ? oqpsk在消除碼間干擾和定時抖動方面的性能及其優良的旁瓣特性和抑制頻譜擴展特性。分享友人