灌溉過度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guàngàiguòdù]
灌溉過度 英文
over irrigation
  • 灌 : Ⅰ動詞1 （輸水澆土） irrigate 2 （倒進去; 注入） pour in; fill 3 （飲酒; 勉強他人飲酒） drink wine...
  • 溉 : 動詞[書面語]1. （澆水） supply with water 2. （洗滌） cleanse; wash
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 灌溉 : irrigate; irrigation; watering
  • 過度 : excessive; over; undue; ana-; hyper-
  1. In recent years, the water - saving and control irrigation technique of rice has diverted from plot experimental and demonstration to lare scale. and has got remarkable economic and social benefits. amed at the characteristics of this irrigation area, optimal selection for water - saving techniques of rice, deciding the amout of leaching water and irrigation modles, investigating the adaptability of the water - saving and control irrigation technique in saline land. studying the increase in production mechanism of the technique are important to extend the technique, to better and develop saline land as well as slick spots. according to the results of field experiments, optimization study was conducted on the water - saving irrigation technique of rice in saline land, the effects of different water - saving irrigation techniques on the physiological indexes and yield of rice were systematically analyzed. by using mutiplepurpose fuzzy optimization method, better. water - saving irrigation technique was selector out, that is. the control irrigation technique in rice. the mechanism of it was analyzed from the aspect of the physiological and ecological saving water of rice to provide the implemental process and technical point ; throgh the quantitive analysis and comparision on control irrigation and control class ( flood irrigation ), high production and quality mechanism of the technique was analyzed in terms of physiology indexes of rice, the variation of soil moisture, the pest resistance and the lodge resistance, the change of soil temperature in paddy fields. the yield constitutive factors, the quality of rice and so on. in saline land. control irrigation and intermittent leaching modles were adopted to validate the adaptability of the technique in irrigation of rice in saline land, to analyze rice ' s physiological - ecological indexes and the change of soil salt content under the conditions of control irrigation leaching of rice and and to provide control irrigation and combined modle of intermittent leaching to adapt to different conditions

    本文從試驗及試驗資料入手，取得以下主要成果和結論：對鹽堿地水稻節水灌溉技術進行優化研究，系統地分析了不同節水灌溉技術對水稻生理指標及產量的影響，採用了多目標模糊優化的方法，對灌水技術進行綜合評判，優選了節水灌溉技術，論證該地區宜採用水稻控制灌溉技術；闡述控灌技術通過調節和控制水稻的需水規律，降低水稻高產情況下的無效水量消耗，從水稻生理、生態節水兩方面分析了控灌技術節水機理，針對性地總結出水稻各生育期實施節水控灌技術的步驟及技術要點；通過控灌與淹灌的定量對照比較，從根系、莖蘗、冠層葉片及綠葉動態到株高，土壤水分變化，抗病蟲害、抗倒伏能力，稻田土溫變化，產量構成因素及稻米品質等諸多方面進行動態比較，分析控灌技術高產優質機理；在鹽堿稻地採用控制灌溉+間歇淋洗模式，跟蹤測試田間水鹽變化狀況，驗證控制灌溉技術在鹽堿地區水稻灌溉中應用的適應性，通過分析水稻控制灌溉淋洗條件下水稻生理生態指標，提出優化控制灌溉+間歇淋洗組合模式，為進一步在高礦化度地區試驗水稻控灌技術奠定基礎。
  2. Abstract : results of pot experiments showed that water deficit affected the height, buds, bulls falling and quantity of productive bulls of cotton

    文摘:通過盆栽試驗在棉花不同生育時期進行不同程度的調虧灌溉試驗。
  3. According to the least twin multiplication to calculating the sensitivity index in several water production functions. thus, the writer obtains the fitted the value of the sensitivity index and the varied rule. at the same time, the writer puts forward a new method named rag a ( real coding based accelerating genetic algorithm ) and combines raga with dpsa to calculating the best irrigation system under the non - sufficient irrigation of well irrigation rice in sanjiang plain

    根據《隨機水文學》理論中的時間序列分析法，建立了適合三江平原井灌水稻需水量預報的非平穩時序隨機模型；通過分析降雨隨機特性，選定季節性時序隨機模型，建立了適合三江平原井灌水稻降雨預報的月平均降雨模型；根據最小二乘法，計算出幾種常用水分生產函數中的敏感指數及敏感系數，進而得到三江平原適宜採用的水分生產函數漠型及模型中敏感指數的變化規律；本文提出遺傳動態規劃法（ raga ? dp ） ，即採用改進的基於實數編碼的加速遺傳演算法（ realcodingbasedacceleratinggeneticalgorithm ，簡稱raga ）與動態規劃法（ dpsa ）相結合，推求非充分灌溉條件下三江平原井灌水稻的最優灌溉制度。
  4. West of the mississippi river alone, about 18 million hectares, once thought useless, have been reclaimed through irrigation projects.

    單是密西西比河以西就有一千八百萬公頃一度被視為無用的土地，通過灌溉工程現已得到開墾。
  5. In the first chapter, the improvement and development of furrow irrigation technique, theory foundation of controlled alternate furrow irrigation, and related research advance at home and abroad were analyzed and elucidated, and the main problems needing to be studied further and to be solved were put forward. in the second chapter, the soil infiltrative parameters, irrigating water advancing and water redistribution in soil were studied by adopting the controlled alternative furrow irrigation in field

    根據建立的水量平衡方程，採用模式搜索技術中的爬山法，利用infiltvs分析軟體，計算得到的不同溝灌方式灌溉水流的推進過程與利用實測資料回歸分析得到的水流推進過程幾乎完全重合，預測精度很高，因此證明本文建立的模型和分析計算方法是合理可行的，完全可用於不同溝灌方式土壤入滲參數和水流推進過程的估算。
  6. According to the optimal irrigation scheduling, the irrigation demand hydrographic in four representative years of huimin and wudi are computed

    在灌溉制度模擬優化的基礎上，推求出代表年惠民、無棣推至田間的基本灌溉需水量和需水過程。
  7. The main points of hlsip quality control includes : during the design stage, it is necessary to control the scheme comparison and optimum design, esp. the waterwork, electromechanical device and irrigation region planning, to improve the design quality and pay attention to control the long - term benefits of design results ; during construction period, the supervisor should help proprietor choose construction contractor, sign the construction contract, supervise the manufacture of equipment and strictly execute the quality control procedure to subject the construction to controlled mode ; in addition, the contractors must improve their quality self - control, maintain the notion " quality first " and insist the full process, multiway, and multi system control of construction quality

    高揚程梯級提水灌溉工程質量控制的重點包括：設計階段控制好方案對比、設計優化，特別是水工建築、機電安裝、灌區規劃等多專業多目標的確定和協調，提高設計質量和深度，注重控制設計成果的長期效益；施工階段協助業主選擇好施工承包商，制定出嚴謹、完備的施工合同，搞好設備監造，嚴格執行質量控製程序，使工程施工時時處于受控狀態；同時要提高承包商的質量自控能力，堅持施工質量的全過程、多方法、多體系控制。
  8. Overpumping groundwater for drinking water and irrigation has caused water levels to decline by tens of metres in many regions, forcing people to use low - quality water for drinking

    過度抽取地下水做為飲用水和用來灌溉在許多地區已經使水位下降了幾十米，迫使人們使用質量較差的水來做為飲水。
  9. Hydrometeorology is concerned with the study of these atmospheric processes which affect the water resources of the earth and which are of interest to the meteorologist and the hydrological engineer. measurements of rainfall and water loss as a result of evaporation are essential for various applications in connection with water resources planning, drainage design, water quality control, reservoir design and operation, irrigation as well as hydrological forecasting and flood control

    水文氣象的研究范圍包括所有影響地球水利資源而氣象學家和水文工程師又有共同興趣的大氣過程。量度雨量及因蒸發作用而引致水的損耗非常重要，所得結果可以應用於水利資源策劃、排水系統設計、水質控制、水塘設計和管理、灌溉、水文預報及防洪等。
  10. The main issues of the research are put as following : firstly, with the international comparing of market sharing rate and trading competitive index, it was revealed that wheat in china has inferior international competitiveness with a bit rising during current years, however, which is still behind that of the main wheat export countries. secondly, after the international comparing of the main factors that affect the international competitiveness of wheat, it was discovered that chinese wheat has the obvious cost advantage on unit product, while because of the high circulation fee, it results in inferior advantage on the price ; low and unstable quality is another factor which leads to inferior wheat competitiveness ; the input of fertilizer and labor makes little impact on the productivity of chinese wheat, while the input of seeds, irrigation and machine makes a strong impact, so it should be more invested in seeds, irrigation and machine to reduce wheat ' s unit cost. the assistant industries of the wheat, such as breed, production materials and processing industries, have inferior international competitiveness and lagged development

    其次，通過對影響小麥國際競爭力的主要因素的國際比較發現：中國小麥單位產品生產成本具有明顯優勢，但由於較高的流通費用，導致在價格上不具有優勢；小麥質量較差、品質不穩定是導致中國小麥國際競爭力較低的主要因素；生產要素中化肥和勞動力投入對中國小麥生產力水平的影響程度較小，而種子、灌溉和機械投入對小麥生產力水平的的影響程度較大，因此小麥生產投入要以增加種子、灌溉和機械的投入為主，代替大量的化肥和勞動力投入，進一步降低小麥單位產品成本，增強中國小麥國際競爭力；中國小麥的上下游輔助產業（包括品種資源、生產資料和加工業）的國際競爭力較弱，發展較為滯后；中國小麥生產者的組織化程度較低嚴重製約了中國小麥質量的提高、流通費用的降低和加工業的發展；小麥生產經營活動本身的特點決定了在充分發揮市場機製作用的基礎上，必須通過政府的宏觀調控來克服其市場機制的失靈，保障市場機制有效運行，但通過國際比較研究發現：中國政府在生產者支持、市場體系建設和國際貿易政策上對小麥的支持水平較低，與提高中國小麥國際競爭力的要求有較大差距，尤其是較低的生產者支持水平和市場體系建設程度制約了中國小麥國際競爭力的提高。
  11. After the observation and analysis on the uniformity coefficient of irrigation and the distribution of soil moisture under each different treatment, a result was got that 35cnrs embedded depth is comparatively appropriate for vegetable cultivation for the high uniformity coefficient and the vegetable cultivation for the high uniformity coefficient and the concentrated distribution of irrigation water in the main root zone

    通過對各處理灌水均勻度和土壤水分分佈的觀測、分析，認為滲灌管埋深35cm時對蔬菜栽培是比較合適的。此時灌水均勻度高，灌溉水大部分分佈在蔬菜主要根系區。
  12. Over - grazing and irrigation methods that wash away topsoil were to blame for some of the damage, experts said. building developments and climate change were doing the rest

    專家指出，因過度放牧或將表土層完全沖刷的灌溉方式都要對土地沙漠化負責.當然房屋開發和氣候變化也逃脫不了干係
  13. Up to the real characteristics of this reservoir, we have done some works on the software development for reservoir ' s dispatching system, and the main results in this paper are as follows : ( 1 ) the city water supply and irrigation water need are statisticed and revised in year 2010, then the water supply process line has been predicted

    本論文研究和開發了黑泉水庫調度系統，為黑泉水庫的科學管理和優化調度奠定了基礎。論文取得的研究成果如下： （ 1 ）對黑泉水庫水平年2010年的城市供水量和灌溉供水量做了逐時段的統計修正，得到了新的水平年供水過程線，並預測了遠景年供水過程線。
  14. The first part is about the computing of crop water requirements ( or crop evapotranspiration ) and net irrigation requirements ( nir ) of ten crops in bojili irrigated district. then the traditional irrigation schedules of winter wheat and summer maize, which are the main crops in bojili, were evaluated with simulating model isareg. third, the field application efficiency in the experimental areas was evaluated from three methods

    本文即是由灌區實測資料計算各種作物需水量，推求其凈灌溉需水量；然後通過模型檢驗現行作物灌溉制度是否具有合理性，並對田間灌溉系統進行評價，求其實際田間灌溉效率；最後由兩種不同灌溉制度方案的對比，確定試區合理的作物灌溉制度，在此基礎上求出各代表年的田間灌溉需水量和用水過程線。
  15. Beginning with the analyse of present situation and cause of formation of saline - alkali land, the irrigated area overall water salt trends are analysed, and the irrigated area saline - alkali land and the groundwater level and distribution law of groundwater degree of mineralization are expounded, the trendence of irrigated area saline - alkali land is put forward. then water salt balance model is estanbished according to the relationship of irrigating and drainage. regarding the irrigated area as a balance area, by analysis of mineralization degree of water pumping from the yellow river and drained off water from irrigated area, the change of the draining off water ion is forcasted in water reducing condition

    課題研究主要從鹽堿地現狀與成因及灌區總體水鹽動態分析兩方面入手，闡述了灌區鹽堿地、地下水位、地下水礦化度的分佈規律，分析了灌區鹽堿地的成因及變化趨勢；根據灌區灌溉、排水條件與以上各種因素的關系，建立了灌區水鹽均衡模型；把灌區作為一個均衡區，通過對黃河來水礦化度、灌區排水礦化度的分析，預測了在灌溉引水、排水減少時排水離子量的變化；運用灌區水鹽動態模型原理，對灌區現狀（ 1998 、 2000年）與規劃水平年總體水鹽平衡進行了計算；總結分析了灌區水鹽動態變化趨勢，計算並提出了排水控制標準。
  16. Experimental study was performed to determine the moderate water deficit effect and physiological irrigation index of tobacco with lysimeters by controlling the lower limit of soil water content

    摘要為確定煙草的適度虧水效應及煙草水分生理灌溉指標，進行了煙草蒸滲儀試驗，通過控制土壤水分下限研究煙草的適度虧水效應。
  17. It can reflect soil water stress and salt stress. ( 6 ) choosing soil solution relative concentration as suitable variable established a funct - ion about crop relative yield, soil water and salt. using the way of testing model with actual data to valid its higher precision, it can reflect the relationship of crop yield, soil water and salt, and be considered as reference in water saving irrigation management

    （ 6 ）選取試驗條件下的適宜自變量-土壤溶液相對濃度建立作物相對產量與土壤水分鹽分水鹽響應模型，通過實測資料檢驗確認模型具有較高的精度，可以較準確地揭示作物產量與土壤水分鹽分的量化關系，為含鹽土壤的節水灌溉研究提供了一定的基礎研究，可供灌溉規劃管理參考。
  18. Through the water quality analysis on the cod tp, tn in the irrigation water and drainage water in a model experimental field, the regulation and its influence on environmental water pollution by the drainage water was also studied

    通過對蕭山聞堰鎮某二季晚稻試驗田灌溉用水和農田排水的逐次記錄和取樣分析，研究了農田退水中cod 、 tp 、 tn的排放量和排放濃度變化，以及農田退水對本地水環境的影響。
  19. Among these numerous prediction methods, bp neutral network methods is considered as the best one and applied prevalently, with high precision, good effect and feasibility. so this study chose bp to predict water demand in tangshan city of the programming year of 2010 year. because the original statistic data of water resources utilizing was about resident living and factory producing, water demand with bp method was just the two

    對幾種典型需水量預測方法進行評析，在眾多預測方法中選擇應用最為廣泛、預測精度高、效果好的bp神經網路法預測規劃水平年2010年城市需水量，由於原始統計數據主要城市生活和工業用水， bp預測的也只是這兩部分用水量，對于農業用水則通過灌溉用水定額和灌溉面積計算，生態環境用水則是類比調查確定。
  20. Takes tugou in yanchi county as an example, according to the water resources of tugou, with the implementation of farmland irrigation developments and water irrigating system and adjustment of the agriculture plants, the carrying out of technigues of the agriculture multi - plants, making tugou village a good model of water using efficiently, which provides theoretical basis for the same dry sandy area

    以鹽池縣土溝村為例，根據土溝村水資源的條件，通過加強農田水利建設、推行節水灌溉制度、調整農業種植結構以及多相農業節水種植技術的實行，使土溝村在高效用水方面具有一個良好的用水優化模式，為乾旱風沙區同類地區的井灌節水利用方面提供一定的理論依據。
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