灌溉水的鹽度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guàngàishuǐdeyándù]
灌溉水的鹽度 英文
salinity of irrigation water
  • 灌 : Ⅰ動詞1 （輸水澆土） irrigate 2 （倒進去; 注入） pour in; fill 3 （飲酒; 勉強他人飲酒） drink wine...
  • 溉 : 動詞[書面語]1. （澆水） supply with water 2. （洗滌） cleanse; wash
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 鹽 : 名詞1. （食鹽; 鹽類） salt 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 灌溉 : irrigate; irrigation; watering
  • 鹽度 : chlorinity
  1. In recent years, the water - saving and control irrigation technique of rice has diverted from plot experimental and demonstration to lare scale. and has got remarkable economic and social benefits. amed at the characteristics of this irrigation area, optimal selection for water - saving techniques of rice, deciding the amout of leaching water and irrigation modles, investigating the adaptability of the water - saving and control irrigation technique in saline land. studying the increase in production mechanism of the technique are important to extend the technique, to better and develop saline land as well as slick spots. according to the results of field experiments, optimization study was conducted on the water - saving irrigation technique of rice in saline land, the effects of different water - saving irrigation techniques on the physiological indexes and yield of rice were systematically analyzed. by using mutiplepurpose fuzzy optimization method, better. water - saving irrigation technique was selector out, that is. the control irrigation technique in rice. the mechanism of it was analyzed from the aspect of the physiological and ecological saving water of rice to provide the implemental process and technical point ; throgh the quantitive analysis and comparision on control irrigation and control class ( flood irrigation ), high production and quality mechanism of the technique was analyzed in terms of physiology indexes of rice, the variation of soil moisture, the pest resistance and the lodge resistance, the change of soil temperature in paddy fields. the yield constitutive factors, the quality of rice and so on. in saline land. control irrigation and intermittent leaching modles were adopted to validate the adaptability of the technique in irrigation of rice in saline land, to analyze rice ' s physiological - ecological indexes and the change of soil salt content under the conditions of control irrigation leaching of rice and and to provide control irrigation and combined modle of intermittent leaching to adapt to different conditions

    本文從試驗及試驗資料入手，取得以下主要成果和結論：對鹽堿地水稻節水灌溉技術進行優化研究，系統地分析了不同節水灌溉技術對水稻生理指標及產量的影響，採用了多目標模糊優化的方法，對灌水技術進行綜合評判，優選了節水灌溉技術，論證該地區宜採用水稻控制灌溉技術；闡述控灌技術通過調節和控制水稻的需水規律，降低水稻高產情況下的無效水量消耗，從水稻生理、生態節水兩方面分析了控灌技術節水機理，針對性地總結出水稻各生育期實施節水控灌技術的步驟及技術要點；通過控灌與淹灌的定量對照比較，從根系、莖蘗、冠層葉片及綠葉動態到株高，土壤水分變化，抗病蟲害、抗倒伏能力，稻田土溫變化，產量構成因素及稻米品質等諸多方面進行動態比較，分析控灌技術高產優質機理；在鹽堿稻地採用控制灌溉+間歇淋洗模式，跟蹤測試田間水鹽變化狀況，驗證控制灌溉技術在鹽堿地區水稻灌溉中應用的適應性，通過分析水稻控制灌溉淋洗條件下水稻生理生態指標，提出優化控制灌溉+間歇淋洗組合模式，為進一步在高礦化度地區試驗水稻控灌技術奠定基礎。
  2. ( 2 ) aiming at the bigger irrigation quota of fall irrigation system and the complicacy of the salt movement in soil, the paper applies reservoir leaching model bring forwarded by w. h. van der molen to hetao irrigation district located in aridity area, and establishes salt leaching simulational model under the fall irrigation system. through calculating, the feasible fall irrigation quota is 100 - 120m2 / 667m2 in light salinization soil, and the feasible fall irrigation quota is 120 - 150 m2 / 667m2 in mild salinization soil. the model is reasonable and exact, and it can be researched deep

    （ 2 ）針對在秋澆灌溉制度中秋澆定額較大，土壤中鹽分運移規律復雜的特點，利用w ? h ? vandermolen提出的水庫沖洗模型，建立了地處乾旱地區的河套灌區區域內的秋澆制度鹽分淋洗模擬模型。經計算在輕度鹽漬化土壤中秋澆的灌溉定額以100 120m ~ 3 667m ~ 2為宜；中度鹽漬化土壤秋澆的灌溉定額以120 150m ~ 3 667m ~ 2為宜，模型合理可靠，準確可行，可進一步向縱深方向進行研究。
  3. Some soils are affected by salinity - alkalinity : about 15 % of irrigated area suffer from varying degrees of salinity and sodicity and about 10 % from water logging

    一些土壤受鹽堿影響：約15 %的灌溉面積有不同程度的鹽化和蘇打堿化，約10 %的土壤受淹水之苦。
  4. Glenn noted the water that percolates out from normally irrigated soil, technically known as irrigation return flow, is often as salty as 10 percent seawater

    格倫指出，從淡水灌溉的土壤滲出的水，專業名稱叫做「迴流」 ，通常它的含鹽度也相當于像海水鹽度的10 % 。
  5. Facing to the reduction of the water diversion from the yellow river for hetao irrigation district inner mongolia autonomy, and giving attentin to agriculture production and improvement of salinization, this paper researches optimization model of district water - saving irrigation water management. the paper also quests for the optimization model of crop irrigation system and the optimization irrigation strategy aiming at the short of water for agriculture. in order to save water and use water high efficiently, this paper researches the change regulation of irrigation system of spring - wheat that is the important crop in the irrigation districted establishes the multidimensional dynamic model of irrigation rules of spring - wheat. lt also makes the simulation model of salt leaching of fall irrigation rules during non - growing period, and sorts the elements influencing water - saving of irrigation system

    在內蒙古河套灌區的引黃水量減少又要兼顧灌區的農業生產和土壤鹽漬化向良性發展的形勢之下，本文針對灌區內區域灌溉水管理的現狀，對灌區內區域節水灌溉水管理優化模型進行了研究。研究針對農業水資源短缺的現狀，在節水灌溉條件下，對作物的灌溉制度進行優化模型探索，尋求最優灌溉策略。全文圍繞節水與高效用水，綜合應用了系統分析、灌溉排水及節水灌溉的原理和知識，研究了灌域內主要作物春小麥的灌溉制度的變化規律，建立了春小麥灌水制度的多維動態優化模型；建立了非生育期的秋澆制度的鹽分淋洗模擬模型；對節水灌溉水管理的影響因素的重要性進行了排序研究。
  6. Beginning with the analyse of present situation and cause of formation of saline - alkali land, the irrigated area overall water salt trends are analysed, and the irrigated area saline - alkali land and the groundwater level and distribution law of groundwater degree of mineralization are expounded, the trendence of irrigated area saline - alkali land is put forward. then water salt balance model is estanbished according to the relationship of irrigating and drainage. regarding the irrigated area as a balance area, by analysis of mineralization degree of water pumping from the yellow river and drained off water from irrigated area, the change of the draining off water ion is forcasted in water reducing condition

    課題研究主要從鹽堿地現狀與成因及灌區總體水鹽動態分析兩方面入手，闡述了灌區鹽堿地、地下水位、地下水礦化度的分佈規律，分析了灌區鹽堿地的成因及變化趨勢；根據灌區灌溉、排水條件與以上各種因素的關系，建立了灌區水鹽均衡模型；把灌區作為一個均衡區，通過對黃河來水礦化度、灌區排水礦化度的分析，預測了在灌溉引水、排水減少時排水離子量的變化；運用灌區水鹽動態模型原理，對灌區現狀（ 1998 、 2000年）與規劃水平年總體水鹽平衡進行了計算；總結分析了灌區水鹽動態變化趨勢，計算並提出了排水控制標準。
  7. This paper chooses the indicators of economy and land quality input which has influence on the output, depending on cd - productive function to establish the function between input and output : y : productive forces of the cultivated land f : input of the fertilizer and agricultural chemical i : input of the irrigation l : input of the labor q : input of the land quality a : the level of average management t : the level of changing management a, b, c, d, f : productive elasticity coefficient the factor of the land quality includes texture, content of the organic matter, degree of the pickled, the structure of the soil

    本項研究選擇了影響農用地總產出的經濟投入指標和土地質量投入指標，藉助c - d生產函數，建立土地投入產出的函數關系： y = a ? e ~ （ ft ） ? f ~ a ? i ~ b ? l ~ c ? q ~ dy為以土地總產值表示的土地生產力f為化肥和農藥的投入i為灌溉投入，即灌溉所需用的水電費l為勞動力投入（考慮了農業機械投入的修正） q為土地質量投入a為平均管理水平t為變化的管理水平a 、 b 、 c 、 d 、 f分別為各相應生產要素的產出彈性系數其中，土地質量因子包括表土質地（ t人有機質含量矚入鹽漬化程度px土體構型p ）等。他們之間的關系為： q （ a ； xt a 。
  8. The severe salinization has resulted in the economic loss about 14 billion yuan rmb ( price in 1996 )

    導致鹽漬化的因素有氣候、地形、水文地質、土壤質地等自然因素，以及灌溉方式和耕作制度等人為因素。
  9. It can reflect soil water stress and salt stress. ( 6 ) choosing soil solution relative concentration as suitable variable established a funct - ion about crop relative yield, soil water and salt. using the way of testing model with actual data to valid its higher precision, it can reflect the relationship of crop yield, soil water and salt, and be considered as reference in water saving irrigation management

    （ 6 ）選取試驗條件下的適宜自變量-土壤溶液相對濃度建立作物相對產量與土壤水分鹽分水鹽響應模型，通過實測資料檢驗確認模型具有較高的精度，可以較準確地揭示作物產量與土壤水分鹽分的量化關系，為含鹽土壤的節水灌溉研究提供了一定的基礎研究，可供灌溉規劃管理參考。
  10. Adopt the mean of analyzing the factors which influence the output of the crops to quantity and determine the factors, assess the correlation among the grading factors in the units and calculate the point value of these factors ; determine the weigh value of the factors. ten factors, which are content of organic matter, thickness of soil layer, quality of soil, pickled degree of land, condition of irrigation and state of shelter belt, the degree of land " s leveling, central focus region ( focus region location ), utilization method of soil, are chosen as grading index at last

    本文採用因素法定量化評價各地塊定級單元的相關性和權重性，最終選定了有機質含量、土層厚度、土壤質地、鹽堿化程度、排水能力、灌溉保證率、防護林完整度、條田平整度、中心區位，土地利用方式等因子作為定級的指標，使用了加權加和因素法進行了的定級計算，逐步完成了農用地質量情況的評價，劃分出了級別。
  11. But on the later condition the trend of accumulation turned to be stable in the w3 treatment ( vseawater / v pure water = 1 ) - in root zone soil, variation of sar value accorded with total salt accumulations and sometimes decreased at the treatment where the v seawater / v pure water > 1. contents of cl - and na + which were the main ions and leached obviously in 0 - 60cm soil were greatly influenced by rainfall, but the rainfall did not affected the contents of ca2 +, mg2 + and k + whose ability of leaching is worse than that of cl - and na + in the root zone soil obviously. the vertical distribution of salt ions in the 0 - 60cm soil were mainly affected by the ratio of v seawater / v pure water in the irrigation water on the condition of not enough rainfall, but on the cont

    海水灌溉下，耕層土壤中鹽分含量受降雨量影響很大，足夠的降雨條件下，鹽分不會積累，降雨量較低時，鹽分積累明顯，但在50海水處理下趨于平衡狀態；耕層土壤sar值的變化情況和鹽分含量變化情況相一致，在灌溉水中海水濃度大於50時有所下降；土壤中主要鹽離子為cl ~ -和na ~ + ， 0 - 60cm土層內， na ~ + 、 cl ~ -明顯的向土壤底層遷移，其在土壤中的含量受降雨影響顯著，而ca ~ （ 2 + ） 、 mg ~ （ 2 + ）和k ~ +在土壤中遷移能力較低，其含量受降雨影響較小； 0 - 60cm層次土壤鹽分的縱向分佈在降雨量較低的條件下主要受灌溉水中海水濃度的影響，而在降雨充分的條件下，地面覆蓋程度成為重要的影響鹽分和水分脅迫下菊芋的生理響應及其海水灌溉研究因子之一。
  12. 4. through field experiment, the effect of different irrigation quota on soil water and salt movement was studied under saline water irrigation. the suitable irrigation system were further discussed

    在田間微鹹水（ 2 . 5g l ）灌溉條件下，研究不同灌水定額對土壤水鹽運移規律和西安理工大學碩士學位論文作物產量的影響，並進一步探討了灌區適宜的灌溉制度。
  13. Abstract : based on the dynamic response model of crop to water - salinity, the relation between crop growing and soil - salt movement is analyzed. the optimal design model of irrigation schedule for high yield, water saving and salinity control is proposed. it helps to promote the management of water saving and utilization of poor quality water. case study shows that the model is reasonable and practical, the percentage of fresh water saved is 31. 1 % and the crop yield is optimized

    文摘:本文根據作物水鹽動態響應函數，分析了作物生長與土壤水鹽運動關系，建立了節水、控鹽、高產灌溉制度優化設計模型，為節水灌溉和微鹹水利用提供了決策依據.實例分析表明，本文提供的模型及方法是合理的；實施節水、控鹽灌溉制度能帶來明顯的經濟效益和環境效益
  14. Takes tugou in yanchi county as an example, according to the water resources of tugou, with the implementation of farmland irrigation developments and water irrigating system and adjustment of the agriculture plants, the carrying out of technigues of the agriculture multi - plants, making tugou village a good model of water using efficiently, which provides theoretical basis for the same dry sandy area

    以鹽池縣土溝村為例，根據土溝村水資源的條件，通過加強農田水利建設、推行節水灌溉制度、調整農業種植結構以及多相農業節水種植技術的實行，使土溝村在高效用水方面具有一個良好的用水優化模式，為乾旱風沙區同類地區的井灌節水利用方面提供一定的理論依據。
  15. Problems existing in the development of water resources in yin - chuan basin are : surface water, groundwater, water for city use and water for agriculture use as well as water for ecological use are not reasonably programmed, leading to the waste of water resources and occurrence of salted soil. at the same time, because of the large amount drainage of wasted water, solids and gas as well as the comprehensive use of chemical fertilizer, the groundwater was polluted in different degree, the range and extent of the pollution have a tendency to increase yearly. whether the water is used in industry or in agriculture, the waste of water is very serious, the technology of water usage is slow, and the production value of water is low

    銀川盆地在水資源開發利用中所存在的主要問題是：對于地表水和地下水、城市用水和農業灌溉用水以及生態用水等缺乏合理規劃，造成了水資源的浪費以及土壤鹽漬化問題的發生；同時，由於工業「三廢」的大量排放以及農藥、化肥的廣泛使用，使地下水不同程度地污染，而且污染程度和范圍有逐年加大的趨勢；無論是農業用水還是工業用水，浪費現象都十分嚴重，用水技術落後，單方水的工農業產值相對較低。
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