無因果關系 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wúyīnguǒguānxì]
無因果關系 英文
causal independence
  • 無 : 無Ⅰ動詞（沒有） not have; there is not; be without Ⅱ名詞1 （沒有） nothing; nil 2 （姓氏） a surn...
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 果 : Ⅰ名詞1 （果子） fruit 2 （事情的結局; 結果） result ; consequence 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（吃...
  • 關 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使開著的物體合攏） close; shut 2 （圈起來） shut in; lock up 3 （倒閉; 歇業） close down...
  • 系 : 系動詞（打結; 扣） tie; fasten; do up; button up
  1. In a long time, the controversy between the inevitability of criminal law causality and chanciness of criminal law causality have monopolized the words right of china ' s criminal law theory of causation. but the dispute is not beneficial to the criminal causation problems. therefore, it is urgent to find a new starting point and establish a new judging - mode

    因果關系的必然性與偶然性之爭，在相當長的時間內壟斷了我國刑法因果關系理論的話語權，但卻無益於刑法因果關系問題的有效解決，並同刑事訴訟中因果關系的認定過程脫節，缺乏實際的指導作用，因此亟需尋找新的切入點並建立新的判斷標準。
  2. In this part, the writer introduces the inevitability causality theory, chanciness causality theory and some new views of current scholars. in the writer ’ s view, the controversy between the inevitability of criminal law causality and chanciness of criminal law causality will not beneficial to the criminal causation problems

    該部分介紹了我國的必然因果關系說、必然偶然因果關系說以及當前學者們的一些新觀點，認為因果關系的必然性與偶然性之爭無益於刑法因果關系的認定，亟待尋找新的視角。
  3. 3. the third element influencing our judgment is the degree to which we can apprehend that endless chain of causation demanded by the reason, in which every phenomenon comprehended, and so every act of man, must have its definite place, as a result of past and a cause of future acts

    三第三類根據是，我們對理性所必然要求的無窮無盡的因果關系的了解，而且為我們所理解的每一現象因而也是人的每一次行動，作為以往的現象的結果和以後的現象的原因，應當有它的確定的地位。
  4. But also have its drawback, if report rate is low, rate of fail to report sth is tall, optional the gender is big, new drug is undesirable the much, old drug that reaction reports is little, be hard to decide causal, the occurence rate of imponderable harmful response

    但也有其缺點，如報告率低，漏報率高、隨意性大，新藥不良反應報告的多、老藥少，難于確定因果關系，無法計算不良反應的發生率。
  5. Environmental tort law in japan has originated in liability without negligence in public nuisance, today, liability without negligence and presumption of causation have become common legislation systems in environmental tort law all over the world, compensation and get rid of infringe are the major remedies in civil legal systems

    各國環境侵權法律制度中，無過失責任原則和因果關系推定規則已成為通制。在民事救濟上，主要是賠償損失和排除侵害，其中，在排除侵害的適用上，各國都帶有濃厚的利益權衡色彩。
  6. The author argues that two step shouid be taken to judge the causation properly. the first step is to anaiyze whether causation in fact is decided according to the but for ruie ; the second step to anaiyze whether causation in iaw is decided according the foreseeabiiity ruie. from those steps the causation can be decided and the scope of the carrier ' s iiability is fixed

    本文針對審判中判斷因果關系的方法和標準不統一的問題，提出應當明晰化實踐中採用的因果關系認定方法，認定因果關系時應當分兩個層次進行，首先是根據要不則無規則判斷事實上的因果關系是否成立，其次是根據合理預見規則判斷法律上的因果關系是否成立，最後根據因果關系得出承運人的賠償范圍。
  7. In china environmental tort law system in modern sense has already, the forms of it are constitution law, civil law, environmental protection law, interpretation of law, etc. china ocean environmental protection law ( 1982 ) has established the criterion of liability without negligence, the requisites to constitute an environmental tort are injurious act, damage, causation, etc. among of them injurious act is the prerequisite of environmental tort

    我國環境侵權法的無過失責任原則最先是由《海洋環境保護法》確立的。環境侵權的構成要件有行為的違法性（侵害行為） 、損害事實、侵害行為與損害事實之間的因果關系等三個條件構成的。其中行為的違法性（侵害行為）是構成環境侵權的前提，因為合法行為不能引起民事責任的產生。
  8. When the excluded cause is in the chain of causation, no matter whether it is the proximate one or not, the insurer will not indemnify the loss. furthermore, when the assured breached the warranties he had made, this principle wo n ' t be applied, either

    在一些特殊情況下，比如說彼保險人違反保險合同中的保證條款，無論損夫與承保風險之間是否有因果關系，保險人都可以拒賠（定期險的情況例外） 。
  9. As a forensic doctor we suggest that pay more attention to this problem in our identify practice and locate the sequence of vertebral body more exactly

    結論腰椎骶化和骶椎腰化是先天性脊柱畸形，是腰腿痛的常見病因，與外傷無因果關系，法醫學鑒定時應該足夠重視，準確定位。
  10. Led the french to hack each other to pieces cannot be understood without an explanation of the causal connection of this new force with the event

    但是一本民約論如何能使法國人互相殘殺，如果不把這種力量和那個事件的因果關系說清楚，就無法理解了。
  11. Additionally, the lack of consistency in results, dose - response relationship, and evidence from laboratory studies further limits the causal inference

    此外，缺乏一致性的發現、無法呈現劑量反應相關、以及缺乏實驗室證據等因素，也都限制了電磁場與癌癥間因果關系之推論。
  12. However, according to the bifurcated approach to problems of causation, the scope of damages that defined by the " cause in fact " is provided with the probability of enlargement infinitely and uncertainty, so it is necessary to restrict the scope of damages by some legal means within the meaning of techniques of law. meantime, it is unfair that the risk of transaction is only undertaked by the defaulting party, so it is necessary to make use of some legal means to delimit the reasonable damages for the defaulting party

    首先，筆者提出：根據全部賠償原則，違約方應賠償因其違約行為給合同債權人造成的所有損害，而借用國外學者關于因果關系二分法的觀點，該「事實上的因果關系」所劃定的損害賠償范圍具有無限擴大的可能性和不確定性，因此從法技術講，就有必須要利用一些法律手段對該賠償范圍予以限界；同時，交易活動本身固有的風險單由合同違約方承擔也是不公平的，因此也有必要利用一些法律手段為違約方劃定一個合理的賠償責任范圍。
  13. In this thesis, the author mainly investigates the application of liability without fault principle and causation of epidemic disease in this kind of crime

    對破壞環境資源保護罪在刑事責任上應採用無過錯責任原則，在處罰上擴大罰金刑和非刑罰措施，在司法認定該罪因果關繫上應采納疫學的因果關系。
  14. The thesis constructs the system of civil compensate for environmental damage resulting from gene pollution in some aspects, such as liability principal, constitutive requirements, compensation principle, compensation range, compensation mode and certification of causality. the thesis thinks that some rules from traditional environmental tort should apply to environmental tort resulting from gmos, including no - fault liability, inferred causality and the inversion of the burden of proof. the thesis indicates china should found the funds for prevention of gene risk and create the system of funds for prevention of gene risk in some aspects, such as the mission of funds, resource of funds and operation of funds

    最後，本文認為，與傳統污染相比，基因污染有隱蔽性、增殖性、不可清除性和後果的不確定性等特點;基於風險防範原則和污染者負擔原則，從責任主體、構成要件、賠償原則、賠償范圍、賠償的類型、因果關系的鑒定等方面創造性地構建了gmos導致的環境損害民事賠償制度，主張傳統環境侵權中的無過錯責任原則、因果關系的推定和舉證責任的倒置等也應適用於gmos導致的環境侵權;鑒于傳統民事侵權賠償救濟的種種局限，本文強烈主張構建gmos損害賠償社會化救濟機制，即成立基因風險防範基金，並從基金的用途或任務、基金的來源和基金的具體運作等方面開拓性地建構了基因風險防範基金制度的雛形，設計了基因風險防範基金的兩個配套制度，即基因稅制和gmos強制責任保險制度。
  15. Realities of security viewpoints of defensive realism are : first, it admits international anarchy exists as a fact ; second, it admits security dilemma exists extensively, which cannot be eliminated thoroughly while can be mitigated in some degree ; third, it holds that international institutions can play positive role in security area ; fourth, cognitive factors have effects on nation ' s strategy ; fifth, defensive realism denies there is inevitable cause and effect relation between the rising of new great power and war, etc. at last, the paper states briefly the unreality of the defensive realism, and points out that hegemonic stability does not mean peace and security

    先簡述現實主義的共同核心假設，再對防禦性現實主義的安全觀的現實性進行歸納，即1 、對國際無政府狀態的認定； 2 、承認安全困境的廣泛存在且不能根除，但可以緩解； 3 、承認國際組織對安全的獲得有一定的作用； 4 、承認認知因素對國家戰略的作用； 5 、認為新大國的崛起與戰爭之間並無必然的因果關系等。最後指出，防禦性現實主義也具有非現實性，歷史事實和實證研究都表明，霸權穩定與和平之間沒有必然聯系。
  16. In this article, the author poses disadvantages of chinese doctrines of liability fixation in civil liability of environmental pollution and suggests perfecting principles of liability without fault ; in the light of chinese increasingly serious environmental pollution, the author raises to draft " prevention and cure act in public hazards ", and clearly provides the shift of onus of proof and presumption principles of causality

    指出我國環境污染民事責任歸責原則的弊端，建議完善無過失責任原則。針對我國日益嚴重的環境污染問題，提出制定《公害防治法》 ，明確規定舉證責任轉移和因果關系推定原則。
  17. Causal relations of various kinds are a pervasive feature of human language and theorising about the world

    在人類使用的語言和人們對客觀世界的形式化描述中，不同種類的因果關系無所不在。
  18. A number of epidemiological studies have reported an association between human cancers and various surrogate measures of power frequency electromagnetic fields ( pf - emf ), but the epidemiological studies done in the past 20 years as a whole showed no persuasive evidence on the causal link of interest mainly because of methodological flaws, in particular inadequate exposure assessment and scarcity of exposure parameters, if any, truly associated with cancer

    摘要累積超過二十年的時問，雖有許多流行病學研究發現，極低頻電磁場與人類癌癥發生有關，但整體流行病學研究仍未能提供充分證據說明極低頻電磁場與人類癌癥之間是否具有因果關系；其中最主要的原因是，流行病學研究所使用的電磁場暴露評估方法並不完善，並且無法確定真正與癌癥相關的暴露參數。
  19. Connected the theory of logic, the article makes a systematic study about the intcnion and the extenion. it also thinks that " subjective malignant " is under the essence of cr imc, above the subject and the subject ive aspects of crime, and then, subjective malignant unites objective harmfulness to reveal the whole essence of crime

    在這一部分的最後，筆者指出，主觀惡性在犯罪論體系中上承犯罪的本質，下啟犯罪主體要件和犯罪主觀要件，作為犯罪成立的主觀根據，與由危害行為與無價值結果之間的因果關系所揭示的客觀危害性共同組成犯罪的全面本質。
  20. For tianjin, economic growth promotes its financial development scale, and there is no causality between economic growth and other aspects of financial development

    天津市的經濟增長促進了其金融規模的擴大，而經濟增長與金融發展的其他方面並無因果關系。
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