無定價的 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [wúdìngjiàde]
無定價的
英文
unpriced-
The quality of pearls is judged by the orient, which is the soft iridescence caused by the refraction of light by the layers of nacre, and lustre, the reflectivity and shine of the surface
珍珠的價值主要由它的光澤顏色大小有無表面的缺陷和形狀來決定的，其中光澤為最重要的因素。其特有的光澤是光Because of the data on the geotechnical investigation cost is the basis to evaluate the geotechnical investigation cost, both the government and the parties in construction should attach importance to accumulate, neaten and apply the data on the geotechnical investigation cost
無論是站在政府的角度，還是站在企業的角度，都要重視對勘察造價資料的積累、整理與利用。這是合理確定勘察造價的基礎。The adoption of opm will undoubtedly embody the development opportunity of a company, thus making the result of valuation more reasonable, which is helpful to catch the m & a opportunity and improve the success possibility
期權定價技術的應用，無疑會使企業發展機遇這一要素能在目標企業價值中得以充分體現，從而使評估值進一步趨向合理，這有助於企業把握有利的並購機會，提高並購成功率。First from system aspect, this paper uses voltage sensitivity, pv curves method, equivalent reactive compensation method, back - up generation method to evaluate the reactive value of the generators in seven buses system and ieee 14 buses system. the vs and pv methods can evaluate the source ' s ability of tracking the load ' s variation. the erc and back - up methods can evaluate the availability of replacing other generators. the value determines the cost
從對系統貢獻角度，採用電壓靈敏度方法（ vs法） 、 pv曲線法、等效無功補償法（ erc ） 、無功備用方法來確定一個七節點系統中的發電機的無功價值和ieee14節點系統的發電機的無功價值，電壓靈敏度法和pv曲線法可比較出不同電源跟蹤負荷變化的靈敏度大小，而等效無功補償法和無功備用方法可比較出不同電源替換其它發電機是否是最有效率的。Stock index futures pricing by no - arbitrage theory and an actual no - arbitrage mathematical model of stock index futures was given in this dissertation, arbitrager should find out whether there are some opportunities according to their arbitrage cost. to get a maximal income they should use transformative arbitrage strategy flexibly which was given in the dissertation
本文基於無套利理論對股票指數期貨進行定價，給出了股票指數期貨實際的無套利數學模型，根據該模型可得出:套利者應該根據自身的套利成本判斷是否有套利機會，在進行套利交易時應該靈活地運用本文給出的套利交易的變形策略，使套利交易收益更高。Compared to the analogy or the base - band sampling solution, this structure not only enhanced the system mobility, the flexibility and stability, but also reduced the cost, moreover it may be a public platform, which realize multi - purpose and multi - service patterns communication signal despread and demodulation, has fully reflected the thought of software radio
與採用模擬或基帶采樣解擴解調方式相比，這種結構既增加了系統的機動性、靈活性和穩定性，同時價格大幅下降，而且可以作為一個公用平臺，實現多功能、多制式通信信號解擴解調，充分反映了軟體無線電的思想。After a summary of mm irrelevant theory, i study how the corporate income taxes, personal income tax and capital gains tax affect the value of the firm. at the end of this section, i formulate a state preference general equilibrium model about tax effect on the corporate capital structure decisions on a basis of the taxation in china
應用現代資本資產定價理論，本章首先回顧了mm的資本結構無關理論，接著討論公司所得稅、個11 k司財務政策的稅收效應研究人所得稅和資本利得稅對公司資本結構的影響。In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the
本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。Upon the issue by the company of a share without par value, if an amount is stated in the memorandum to be authorized capital represented by such shares then each share shall be issued for no less than the appropriate proportion of such amount which shall constitue capital, otherwise the consideration in respect of the share constitutes capital to the extent designated by the directors and the excess constitutes surplus, except that the directors must designate as capital an amount of the consideration that is at least equal to the amount that the share is entitled to as preference, if any, in the assests of the company upon liquidation of the company
公司發行無面值股票后，如果在備忘錄中載明一個金額，該金額為此類股票代表的法定資本，則每隻股票應以不低於構成資本的金額的適當比例發行，否則股票發行的對價以董事指定的金額大小為準構成資本，超額部分則構成盈餘；除非董事必須指定對價的一個金額作為資本，該金額至少應等於公司清算時股票在公司資產中作為優先部分（如果有）的金額。It was increasingly put to work on tasks ranging from how to auction a radio spectrum to devising a better way of paying defence contractors than cost - plus contracts ( which create incentives for the contractor to be inefficient ) or fixed - price contracts ( which may result in overpaying )
機制設計被越來越多地用於各種場合，包括設計無線電頻段拍賣機制、以及為防務合同設計更加合理的支付機制以克服成本加成合同（會產生消極怠工的激勵）或固定價格合同（會導致給價過高）的弊端。The repricing of risks and the inevitable boost in insurance and security - related expenditure by both the public and private sectors were likely to have long - term macroeconomic effects. members also noted the deteriorating situation in japan
公營部門及私營機構對風險重新定價，以及保險和有關保安的開支無可避免地增加，都可能對宏觀經濟構成長遠影響。At last conclusions and advices are presented the research and realization of the disrelation in view logistic and data create a kind of new development mode of sofeware system with three tiers structure
三層體系結構無關性的研究及實現開創了一種新的三體體系結構軟體系統的開發模式，特別是對採用j2ee架構的系統有一定的參考價值。Prof dutta ' s research has revealed that pricing decisions within companies are usually the result of a messy interaction between marketing, sales, production, accounting and finance - not to mention business partners such as distributors, wholesalers and retailers
杜塔教授的研究結果顯示，公司內部的定價決策往往是市場、銷售、生產、會計和財務等部門之間無序互動的結果，更不必提分銷商、批發商和零售商等商業合作夥伴的參與了。The safety of transmission line plays a important role in power system safety it is not only the requirement of ensure supply power reliability, but also the necessary precondition of enhance power system stabilization, to remove faulty line quickly and accurately, also keep non - faulty line continuous work when some transmission line faults current differential protection is a kind of simple, reliable and good - selective protection manner to any variety of transmission lines, power system development needs current differential protection apply to transmission lines, moreover the advancement of electric and communication technology enable current differential protection apply to transmission lines firstly, the paper discusses, analyses the research and application transmission line protection in detail, compare the principle and realistic presupposition of general line pilot protections secondly, because conventional current vector differential protection are influenced easily by load current and transitional resistance, in order to at the same time quicken protection act, the principle and criterion include work characteristic of differential protect based on fault component sampled values are studied, results shows that differential protect based on fault component sampled values excels general vector current differential protection in reliability, sensitivity and anti - saturation of current transformer in addition, synchronous current sampling methods at all terminals of line is analyzed and estimated lastly, the principle and criterion. also device design about current sampling values differential protection based on optical fiber communication, which apply to short transmission lines are concretely investigated,
基於基爾霍夫定律的電流差動保護無論對於何種形式的輸電線路都是一種簡單、可靠、選擇性強的保護形式，電力系統的發展使得電流差動保護應用於線路保護成為需要，而電子、通信技術的發展使得電流差動保護應用於輸電線路成為可能。首先，本文對目前線路保護的研究和實際應用情況進行了討論和分析，比較了常用線路縱聯保護的實現原理和實現條件及優缺點。其次，針對常規相量電流差動保護易受正常負荷電流和故障過渡電阻影響的缺點，同時為加快差動保護的動作速度，對基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護的原理、判據、動作特性等作了討論和分析，結果表明基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護在可靠性、靈敏度、抗電流互感器飽和方面明顯優于常規相量電流差動保護，對電流差動保護各端的同步采樣方法和數據通信也進行了分析和評價。Evading risk in financial trading market cries for pricing options to a nicety. asian option, as the most flourish options in the finace market, the pricing has been focused on always. the exact pricing formula for the geometric average asian option had existed, but as to the european - style arithmetic average asian option, due to the dependence structure between the prices of the underlying asset, no analytical formula exists. on the hypothesis that the market is frictionless and without transaction costs 、 on the base of b - s ’ s and in the binomial tree model, we provide several algorithms for computing an accurate value of the european - style arithmetic average asian option. following rogers and shi and by jensen ’ s inequality, many different upper and lower bounds are provided ; meanwhile a formula have got by the comonotonicity and approximating the distribution function. all of the algorithms are easy for programming. with the development of computer, more accurater price can be computed quickly. and numerical example proved that these algorithms are very accurate
對于幾何平均亞式期權它的定價相對簡單，已經給出了定價公式。對于算術平均亞式期權，它的未定權益具有軌道依賴特性，一直沒有得到它的定價方程的解析解形式。本文基於對市場是無摩擦且在沒有交易費用的情況下，在b - s模型下，利用二叉樹模型給出了算術平均亞式期權定價方法;並總結了利用jensen 』 s不等式給出的各種不同情況下的上下界;同時應用共單調性和近似分佈函數的方法也給出了算術平均亞式期權價格的近似公式。The dissertation is divided into four parts : the first part differentiates and analyses three concepts related to high - tech products, and introduces home and international methods of ascertaining high - tech products and their characteristics ; the second one synopsizes the traditional methods of pricing common commodities and means of evaluating immaterial assets and these methods " inapplicability contrasted to high - tech products ; the third one summarizes the main factors of affecting the high - tech products price and principles that should be followed ; the fourth one puts forward different pricing methods based on different market structures
本文共分為四部分：第一部分主要辨析與高新技術產品相關的三個概念，並介紹了目前國內外確定高新技術產品的方法及高新技術產品的特點；第二部分對一般產品的定價方法和技術型無形資產的評估方法進行簡要的描述，並闡述了它們對高新技術產品定價的不適用性以及可借鑒之處；第三部分在第二部分的基礎上，總結出高新技術產品定價的影響因素及定價原則；第四部分在前面的基礎上提出基於各種市場結構的高新技術產品定價方法。Of course, there are n ' t no barriers when adopting the transfer pricing strategy, such as the barriers from the respective profit centers of the transnational corporation, objections from the overseas co - investors, restrictions from the government of the host country, differences of economic environment of various countries. all these to some extent have limit influences on the transfer pricing
當然，跨國公司在運用轉移定價策略時並非毫無障礙，它也會遇到各種限制因素，例如來自跨國企業集團內部各利潤中心的阻礙，來自海外合資者的反對，來自東道國政府的限制，再加上各國經濟環境的差異，這些在一定程度上都起到了制約轉移定價的作用。In following such a pricing approach, the risk - free rate does not need to be known
解決了如何在實際測度及不知無風險利率的情況下對一般（可能不可交易）資產進行定價的問題。In fact, the reference to prime unnecessarily links the pricing of mortgage lending to the pricing of other prime based lending, depriving banks of the flexibility of making independent adjustments to the mortgage rate or the lending rates for other loans
事實上，以最優惠利率為參考利率，不必要地將按揭貸款的定價與其他根據最優惠利率定價的貸款掛，令銀行無法靈活地獨立調整按揭貸款利率以至其他類型的貸款利率。There are obviously two different methods in reactive power pricing : the method based on spot price and the method based on embedded cost
無功定價的方法通常有兩種:基於實時電價理論的方法和基於綜合成本分攤的方法。分享友人