無競爭的出價 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jìngzhēngdechūjià]
無競爭的出價 英文
non competitive bids
  • : 無Ⅰ動詞(沒有) not have; there is not; be without Ⅱ名詞1 (沒有) nothing; nil 2 (姓氏) a surn...
  • : 動詞(競爭; 競賽) compete; contest; vie Ⅱ形容詞[書面語] (強勁) strong; powerful
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (力求得到或達到; 爭奪) contend; vie; compete; struggle for; strive 2 (爭執; 爭論) argu...
  • : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • : 名詞1. (價格) price 2. (價值) value 3. [化學] (化合價) valence
  • 競爭 : compete; vie; contend
  1. The disadvantage of such a system is that local filmmakers are crowded out of high - priced facilities aimed at the u. s. market and are outbid in the competition for local talent

    這種制度缺點則是當地製片人會受到排擠,法使用以美國市場為目標昂貴設備,而且必須,才能聘請到當地人才。
  2. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章,主要內容如下:第一章作為全文理論發點和基礎,圍繞網路組織定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織基本概念進行了闡述;第二章綜合運用核心能力、戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生理論基礎進行闡述;第三章首先從組織協調角度對網路組織進行了研究,給了網路組織結構,分類和特徵,同時並給了虛擬企業群簇;然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、值鏈模型,以及運行模式;第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論相關知識,通過構建網路組織模型,對上一章所研究網路組織結構形成機理給了一種理論解釋;第五章在分析網路組織運行風險基礎上,分別建立盟主網路組織博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織博弈論模型,詳細研究了網路組織協調機制,然後給了網路組織協調機制解決方案;第六章作為網路組織協調機制重要組成部分,本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制必要性基礎上,研究了網路組織信任關系類型,提了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  3. Despite the good trend on export of mechanical and electronic products, there still have some negative facts that restrict the international competitiveness of mechanical and electronic products in china. now the export management of mechanical and electronic enterprises is out of order and without effective competition medium. technological transformations and loans of mechanical and electronic enterprises are still not satisfied the practical needs

    目前,我國機電企業口經營秩序混亂,盲目、壓現象屢禁不止;機電產品生產企業技術改造和技術投入貸款還遠不能滿足實際要求;機電產品口結構中佔主導部分仍然是資源、勞動密集型中低檔產品;我國機電產品缺乏自己優質品牌,多以外國品牌實現對發達國家口。
  4. ( 3 ) it proved that the factors such as technology, market, management, fund and policy environment make different impaction on the result of the valuation of the investment opportunity of hi - tech enterprise during different developmental phases. ( 4 ) the competition intensity, the time lag of investment and the riskless rate make great negative impaction on the option value of hi - tech enterprise. ( 5 ) the conclusion of analysis achieved from which the varieties of the market supply and the market demand make impaction on the result of the valuation accord with the conclusion of analysis achieved from which the varieties impact to price on economics

    本文主要研究成果如下: ( 1 )投資機會值在高新技術企業值評估中佔有重要地位; ( 2 )在提投資機會值評估模型基礎上,結合實際,深入探討隨機跳躍頻率下評估結論對投資決策影響; ( 3 )從定性和定量兩個角度系統地說明了技術、市場、管理、資金及政策對評估結論影響程度是隨著企業發展階段不同而不同; ( 4 )證明了外部強度、投資時滯和風險利率對企業期權值評估產生極大負影響,即外部強度越強、投資時滯越長和風險利率越大,企業期權值就越低,反之就越高; ( 5 )市場需求和供給分析結果與從經濟學上供需對產品影響結論是一致
  5. However, the development of the network advertisements bring lots of legal problems meanwhile such as the network bait and the network advertisements of sales with giveaways, the inappropriate uses of the network keywords and the interlinkage skill, the plagiarism among the websites and the abnormal lowering prices ; the network advertisements ’ harassment, the encroachment of the right of privacy, the false and fraudulent advertisements etc. the network advertisements actions above damage the market ’ s legitimate competitive orders badly, infract the consumers ’ lawful rights and interests, so the means of regulating these actions effectively and safeguarding the healthy development of the market orders are the problems which need to face and settle by the countries ruled by law

    論文首先從網路傳播一般原理發,探討廣告及網路廣告含義、特徵、作用及分類等基本理論;其次分析了網路廣告中存在主要問題,如網路廣告立法缺陷問題、網路廣告不正當問題、消費者權益損害問題等。其中重點闡述了網路廣告法可依,擴大解釋不到位,管轄權難以確定等立法缺陷問題;網路誘餌與網路有獎銷售,網路關鍵字詞和鏈接技術,網站抄襲與不正常壓等不正當問題;以及網路廣告騷擾、侵犯隱私權、虛假與欺詐等損害消費者權益網路廣告形式。
  6. The international strategic management theory mainly discussed strategic alliance theory, strategic choice theory and miniature technology theory and we expatiated, analyzed and estimated potter ’ s competition dominance theory. at the same time, we researched that international companies of automobile industry mainly invest in china by means of product export, technique transference via market and outward direct investment. the first international company of automobile industry came into chinese market is american automobile company ( now daimler - chrysler ) in 1984

    總結了汽車行業跨國公司在中國投資投資規模日益擴大、投資日趨系統化與一體化、本土化、從搶佔有形資源到搶占形資源過渡等戰略和不斷推新產品和通過、通過產品質量、提高售後服務等等具體策略,以及分析了汽車行業跨國公司在華投資戰略變化及其原因。
  7. Company brand which is a kind of assorted intangible asset embodies the potential which on the one hand is important to the enterprises " competition, on the other hand representing the loyalty of costumers. how to numeralize the brand becomes an urgent task

    企業品牌作為一種組合類形資產,反映了企業發展潛力,決定了企業長期力,並體現消費者對品牌忠誠,如何量化品牌值,成為亟待解決一個課題。
  8. Because of higher price of new building, higher speed, higher bunker charge, the ferry companies can not compete with the container liner companies in the ocean freight field, and the threat from full container vessel would be virtual with the start of construction of inchon container terminal

    由於客貨船船本身比同等規模集裝箱船船要高很多,同時由於船速高,燃油費用也比集裝箱船高很多,因而其經營成本要遠高於集裝箱船,法與集裝箱船進行
  9. In the wake of rupert murdoch ' s $ 5 billion unsolicited bid for dow jones, thomson firmed up an ? 8. 8 billion ( $ 17. 5 billion ) offer for reuters, a competitor in the newswire and financial - information business

    在魯珀特?默多克給道瓊斯公司開了50億美圓約束力格之後,湯姆森集團確定了一份88億英鎊( 175億美圓),意欲並購它在新聞和金融信息行業對手路透集團。
  10. Secondly, the article also defines product brand, price and market position. in option to the specific development strategies, according to swot match matrix principle and combined with current superiority / inferiority and opportunity / threaten existing in outer environment, this chapter puts forward and specifies the necessary concrete sub - strategies which enterprise must proceed, including in time followed product development strategy, competitive cost of market competition strategy, small batch and multi - variety production strategy, and the suitable sales strategy conformed to the distinguished market position theory. at last, this chapter uses a large length to provide a detailed introduction of specific measure when the company implements various development strategies

    同時也明確了與企業具體發展戰略緊密相關品牌、產品、格、市場等定位問題;在具體發展戰略選擇時,本章根據swot匹配矩陣原理,並結合企業目前優劣勢和外部環境所存在機會和威脅,提並具體說明企業必須採取錫華順食品公司發展戰略初探各項具體分戰略,包括及時跟進產品開發戰略、成本領先市場戰略、小批量多品種生產戰略以及與差別市場定位理論相對應適應性營銷戰略;最後本文還以大量篇幅詳細介紹了企業實施各種發展戰略時具體措施。
  11. Starting with customer value, using marketing management theory and competition advantage theory as guidance, regarding value chain as a strategic tool, the author analyzes the main value activity of an enterprises systematically so as to bring forward the basic strategy - combination of cost advantage and otherness - for seamless steel enterprises to participate in market competition. furthermore, by introducing modern marketing management concepts, the author also brings forward how to build the marketing channel system for the seamless steel enterprises

    本文從顧客值入手,以營銷管理理論和優勢理論為指導,將值鏈作為一種戰略性工具來對企業主要值活動進行系統分析,以尋找企業獲取成本優勢和標歧立異途徑和方法,提縫鋼管生產企業參與市場應採取成本領先和歧異化相結合基本戰略,並引入現代營銷管理理念提了如何構建縫鋼管生產企業營銷渠道體系。
  12. In chapter 3, we chiefly study on the effectivity of third - degree price discrimination under two manufacturers, generally the studies on the effectivity of third - degree price discrimination in former papers were based on monopoly market, that is there is only one monopoly manufacturer in market. this paper expand the content of its research to the market conditions of two factories, based on a complete static information model and the linear demand functions and linear cost functions, the paper study the effectivity of third - degree price discrimination under two manufacturers, which compete in the same markets. it further respectively put forward the calculation formulas of the maximum sales volume and the maximum price and the maximum profit which belong to both manufacturers who is on the condition of common price or third - degree price discrimination in the two sub - markets, and also it put forward the necessary and sufficient conditions for third - degree price discrimination to be effective or to be same as common price

    本文第三章主要研究了兩廠商情形下三度格歧視有效性問題,現有文獻對於三度格歧視有效性問題研究基本上都是基於壟斷廠商情形,即市場上只有一個壟斷廠商情形,而本文將其研究內容拓展到了兩廠商情形,基於完全信息靜態模型研究了市場上兩廠商在線性需求函數和線性成本函數條件下三度格歧視有效性問題,並分別給了兩廠商在兩個子市場上,在單一格條件下以及歧視格條件下最優銷售量、最優格和最大利潤計算公式,給了各廠商格歧視有效和格歧視異于單一充要條件。
  13. Comparing conditions betweem exiting competition with not exiting competition, we come to conclusion that we can overrate the enterprise valuation if not considering the prelatic competition

    通過條件下和條件下兩種情況對比分析,可以看,如果並購企業沒有考慮成長期權中預期損失,就很可能高估了並購實物期權值。
  14. After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks

    如在改革開放初期,在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束情況下,各類企業最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張「負債有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報; 1989年以後,需求增速開始放緩,面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致中小企業資金緊張局面, 「錢袋鼓鼓」優勢企業(尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金上市公司)紛紛採用掠奪性定策略,試圖通過把中小企業擠市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益; 1998年以後,產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩,且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業法退,因此這些行業中現了過度現象,企業總體收益不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率持續上升,又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環。
  15. The basic theory in this thesis is strategy and investment theories. the basic means is finding out the main opportunity and threat of the environments and pgg csst ' s internal strength and weakness by swot analyzing, fixing on target market by analyzing market, and then decide the direction of product structural adjustment and design the investment plan. the theories can give a good reference for the future study on seamless steel tube project

    本文基本研究思路是:以戰略和投資理論為基礎,首先運用swot分析方法,找縫鋼管行業環境中威脅與機會、成都縫自身優勢與劣勢,然後對縫鋼管市場進行細分,確定目標市場,最後找適應市場產品結構調整方向,確定投資項目,並對該項目進行評
  16. Secondly, combining theory with positive study method, this thesis analyzes different stages of the r & d process and the 4ps ' of the marketing mix of trs e - government system deeply. the reasons for the lower competitiveness and causes is found out regarding r & d, products, pricing, channel and promotion, etc. management of trs mainly focuses on technology and lack of studies on customer needs, as well as unawareness of modern marketing which result in separating r & d from marketing, so the technology advantages of trs could not turn into marketing advantages efficiently.

    然後,運用理論和實證相結合方法,從產品開發和營銷組合各個環節,對導致trs電子政務系統力不足原因進行了深入細致分析,指trs公司在開發、產品、格、渠道、促銷等方面存在問題主要表現在:公司缺乏現代市場營銷觀念,在實際經營管理中過多專注于技術而忽視對客戶需求和市場營銷研究,造成產品與市場脫節,使先進技術優勢法有效轉化成產品市場優勢,阻礙產品市場提高。
  17. Real estate medium service is the full name of real estate consultantign assessment and economic activities. it is a special enterprise which arises in the course of the development of markert economy system and real estate industry, it ' s impossible for the real estate market to develop and expand only by means of government intervention. since the stock business accounts for a large proporlion of real estate business, real estate medium plays more and more important role in it, since the first medium, yingkou housing - service agency, established in 1992, the medium companies in yingkou has amounted to 42 with a staff of over 120 leader the coordination of the " invisible hand ", the market and the government ' s support, though it experienced disorder and hesitation at the beginning, but the medicul service in yingkou started a little late and has n ' t played a corresponding role so far, which is reflected in medium service ' s role in housing market keeping still and lack of well - known medium brand and so on. so it is therotica lly instructive and practically valuable to investigate the problems in the development of real estate medium service and optimize the service so as to make the service industry develop continuously and prosperously despite the changing environment and tense competition

    自1992年營口市第一家房地產中介企業?營口市房屋置業服務處成立以來,營口市房地產中介服務業經歷了初期序徘徊,而後在政府支持及市場這只「手」調控下,中介公司由一家逐步發展到42家,從業人員近120餘人,並且數量還在不斷增加。但營口市房地產中介服務起步較晚,還遠遠沒有達到它應該發揮作用,表現為中介在商品房交易中呈停滯萎縮勢、中介機構規模過小、人員素質參差不齊、品牌力度不夠等。因此,從營口市市情發,深入研究營口市房地產中介服務業發展問題,優化中介服務環境,對營口市房地產中介服務業在環境變化和激烈條件下持續健康地發展具有重要理論意義和應用值。
  18. In the qualitative, quantitative and directional way, successful factors, such as the superiority of marketing, the superiority of resource, the superiority of consumption, and the advantage of corporations supporting, etc, were described, and six important background factors, include of the increasing consumption, the competition from milk market, the challenge of joining into wto, the adjustment of industry structure, the winning against oneself, and accelerating development, were analyzed. new objects were put forward, that is, high quality, rationalizatio n of region distribution, having a core of brand, trade penetrating into various area, diversification of product exploitation, internationalization of preponderant product, and orientating function in market. development of tianjin milk industry should be based on materials and base, take resource integrating and market regulating as means, take trade infiltrating and product development as support, take specialization, industrialization, collectivization and internationalization as orientation, take the development of international milk corporation as mode, and take " creating name brand, entering the first - ten corporation of milk industry " as object

    本文在廣泛調查研究基礎上,圍繞天津奶業發展,全面客觀地評了天津奶業發展現狀,採用定性、定位、定量和定向方法,描述了天津奶業作為城郊型奶業在中形成市場優勢、資源優勢、消費優勢、龍頭企業依託優勢、外資企業進入優勢、奶類項目援助優勢等眾多成功因素,分析了天津奶業未來保持產業領先地位必須認真對待消費需求增長、乳業市場、迎接入世挑戰、產業結構調整、克服自身劣勢、促進跨越發展六大背景因素,提了天津奶業新一輪發展瞄準優質生產抗化、區域布局合理化、品牌整合核心化、行業滲透多角化、產品開發多樣化、高點對接國際化、市場避強導向化目標定位和以原料、基地為基礎、以資源整合和市場調整為手段、以行業滲透和產品開發為支撐、以專業化、產業化、集團化、規模化、國際化發展道路為方向,以國際乳品企業發展為模式,以「創造一流品牌、跨入乳業十強」為目標天津奶業發展思路,以及天津奶業二十一世紀前十年和前二十年兩大階段奶牛養殖五大奮斗目標和區域布局原則,最後有針對性地提飼養模式選擇、全流程安全生產、產業化龍頭培育、學生飲用奶推廣、政策扶持等促進天津奶業成長對策措施。
  19. In the addition, the government has to frame the basic price for stone material to avoid the unfair competition

    對石材荒料、成材等制定業內統一基本,確定漲浮率,制止業內不正當,杜絕序低口。
  20. The development of marketing strategy of western firms has three main stages, including mass marketing, diversification marketing, and niche marketing, because of changes of external environments. with improvement of throughput, transformation from sellers market to buyers market, values from product diversification, and fierce rivals, market is mature gradually

    之所以會現這樣三個時期,與企業所經歷外部環境變化不關系,隨著行業生產能力增長, 「賣方市場」向「買方市場」轉變,企業發現產品差異化所帶來值,加劇,市場正在逐漸成熟。
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