熱端 的英文怎麼說

This application covers the case where the hot side is pure steam, condensing isothermally

這主要應用在熱端是純蒸汽，冷卻是等溫線降溫時使用。

At hot end of beat pipe, several measures were taken to eliminate heat, namely ( 1 ) traditional sensible heat elimination ; ( 2 ) exhaust air is processed by air washer, then passes through hot end ; ( 3 ) exhaust air is handled by wet film, then passes through hot end ; ( 4 ) sprays water at the top of hot end, respectively

第一級採用熱管式間接蒸發冷卻器，熱端布置4種散熱方式： （ 1 ）傳統類型的顯熱散熱； （ 2 ）排風經過噴水室降溫后進入熱端； （ 3 ）排風經過填料式直接蒸發冷卻器降溫后進入熱端； （ 4 ）直接在熱端頂部淋水。

The calculation result is compared with that of some experiments and other references, and it is satisfactory. the subroutines can be applied to the stress analysis of turbine disks in aeroengines

計算結果表明介面子程序具有在不同應變率條件下、應變率跳級拉伸條件下以及循環載荷條件下的模擬能力，程序正確、可靠，適于渦輪盤等發動機熱端部件的應力分析。

On the basis of the analysis of fundamental principle of thermoelectric refrigeration, the steady state mathematical model of the thermoelectric system was founded. according to the model, the theoretical analysis and calculation are made on various working conditions, and analyzed theoretically the effects on thermoelectric system which caused by hot and cold temperature difference, the device ’ s effective system figure of merit, the properties of the heat changers, which established theoretical basic for the opening up and design of the thermoelectric system and its performance test

在分析熱電製冷基本原理的基礎上，建立了熱電裝置的穩態系統數學模型，並依據該模型對熱電裝置系統進行了不同的工作狀態下的熱力分析計算，並就熱電裝置的冷熱端溫差、電堆片的優值系數、散熱器的散熱性能與熱電熱泵裝置性能的影響進行了理論分析，為熱電裝置的開發設計和現有熱電裝置的性能測試建立計算理論基礎。

Experiment research on radiator used at semiconductor refrigerator

半導體冷藏櫃用熱端散熱器的實驗研究

Experimental study on the length of vortex hot tube effect on the performance of vortex tube

熱端管長度對渦流管性能影響的實驗研究

An introduction to the pre - installation preparation for the hot - end equipment of glass production line

淺談玻璃生產線熱端設備安裝前期準備

A experimental study on a cooling system of a small flow vortex tube with the humidifer at the hot end

小流量渦流管熱端加濕製冷系統實驗研究

A major application is also in glass coatings where it is used to improve scratch resistance and to decrease the coefficient of friction. it is especially helpful for glass container manufacturers. specification

主要用途：三氯-丁基錫是一種pvc穩定劑的重要中間體，它主要用於玻璃容器表面的熱端塗層。

Streaming from the hot end to the cold end of the regenerator was found which would waste much useful heating energy. modified structure of the jet pump could control this sort of streaming efficiently

實驗中還觀察到了直流現象，氣體從回熱器熱端向冷端運動，造成大量的能量浪費，通過改進噴射泵結構可以有效抑制直流。

An experimental setting of thermoelectric module which can simulate alterable work conditions in the cold and hot sides at the same time was designed. and the experiment research on the effect of the heat removal in the cold and hot sides was done

設計並建立了一臺可同時模擬冷、熱端變工況工作的熱電製冷實驗裝置，對冷、熱端傳熱狀況對製冷器性能的影響進行了實驗研究。

In order to improve the refrigerating efficiency of the micro - vortex - tube, we have proposed a cooling system of a micro - vortex - tube with humidifying at the hot end. the hot gas temperature is lower than the gas of environmental temperature through humidifying the hot gas in the hot end

為了提高微型渦流管的製冷效率，提出了渦流管熱端加濕製冷系統，通過對熱端氣體加濕降溫，獲得低於環境溫度的氣體，同冷端氣體一起製冷。

In the swirl, air stream at the periphery tend to have higher temperature compared to that in the center. by means of a separating plate, the airflow is separated into streams of hot and cold air. each stream of air then emerges from a particular end of the tube, named the cold and hot end accordingly

氣體在熱端管的流動過程中，外層氣流溫度升高，內層返流溫度降低，高溫氣流從熱端閥流出，低溫氣體通過冷孔板流出，從而將進渦流管的氣流分離為冷熱兩股溫度不同的氣流。

The optimal performance state ' s parameter of thermoelectric refrigerator under different work conditions was obtained on the assumption that the temperature in the cold side is invariable. and, the optimal performance state ' s parameter of thermoelectric refrigerator under the third kind boundary conditions was also obtained. the transmission of heat differential equation for the heat conduction process of thermoelectric module was derived and the solution with the first kind boundary conditions under the influence of thomson effect and the solution with the third kind boundary conditions without the influence of thomson effect was obtained

在假設熱電製冷的熱端溫度固定的條件下，得出熱電製冷器在不同工況下的最佳工作參數並進一步求得在三類邊界條件下的最佳工作參數;導出了電偶臂在電與熱的偶合作用下傳熱微分方程，並對其進行解析求解:在考慮湯姆遜效應的影響下得出一類跟三類邊界條件下傳熱方程的解析解，在忽略湯姆遜效應的影響下得出二類跟三類相的邊界條件下傳熱方程的解析解。

And the influence of the heat removal in the cold and hot sides and electric current and some other factors which affect the cooling performance of thermoelectric refrigerator was also discussed by numerical calculation. furthermore, the influence of thomson effect on the performance of thermoelectric refrigerator in different refrigerating capacity and electric current was analyzed. and the work parameter of thermoelectric refrigerator was pointed out under the conditions that whether or not considering the influence of thomson effect

通過數值計算詳細討論了穩態條件下冷、熱端傳熱系數及電流等因素對熱電製冷器製冷性能的影響，分析了在不同製冷量和不同工作電流下湯姆遜效應對溫度場的影響，指出了設計中是否要考慮湯姆遜效應的工況條件。

Finally, in to order to verify the validity of optimal design the open voltages and power outputs of graded bi2te3 / cosb3 thermoelectric materials in the temperature difference ranging from 300k to 800k were investigated. the research results show that : as for monolithic materials, bi2te3 alloys process higher figure - of - merit in the temperature ranging from room temperature to 450k, then it begins to worsen with temperature increasing

通過對結構梯度bizte3 / cosb3熱電材料開路電壓與熱端溫度的關系及梯度熱電材料在300k至800k的溫度范圍使用時的功率輸出研究結果表明:在均質材料cosb3和bizte3的長度比為巧: 2時，梯度結構bizte3 / c 。

In this paper, firstly, monolithic materials cosb3 and bi2te3 were prepared by sparkle plasma sintering ( sps ) respectively, and at the same time the microstructure of cosb3 and bi2te3 were studied by sem ; the seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities of monolithic materials were measured by standard - four - probe method ( ulvac zem - 700 ) in a he atmosphere simultaneously, and their thermal conductivities were investigated by laser flash method ( tc - 7000 ) in vacuum. secondly, the junction temperature of graded bi2te3 / cosb3 thermoelectric materials was optimized based on the thermoelectric transport properties of monolithic materials, also when graded materials were used in the temperature difference ranging from 300k to 800k, the length ratio of monolithic materials cosb3 and bi2te3 were optimized in theory. thirdly, graded bi2te3 / cosb3 thermoelectric materials were prepared by two - step sps sintering, and the relationship between its average seebeck coefficients and temperature were calculated by theory mo del

均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3的電導率和seebeck系數採用標準四端子法于he氣氛下在zem - 1上同時進行測量；熱導率採用激光微擾法（ tc - 7000 ）于真空狀態下進行測量；其次，在對均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3熱電傳輸特性研究的基礎上，對結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料的界面溫度進行了優化；為了使結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料在300k至800k的溫度范圍內具有最佳的熱電性能，本研究同時對梯度結構熱電材料當中均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3材料的長度進行了優化設計；第三，通過兩步放電等離子燒結的方法制備出了結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料；採用理論計算的方法研究了梯度結構熱電材料平均seebeck系數和溫度的關系；同時為了驗證設計的結果，本論文對結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料的開路輸出電壓和熱端溫度之間的關系及梯度材料在300k至800k的溫度范圍內使用時的功率輸出進行了相應的研究。

Carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite ( c / sic ) is one of the most promising thermal - structure materials up to 1650 for aero engines. it is very significant to deeply understand the oxidation mechanisms and establish the oxidation kinetic models for the design and application of c / sic composites

C sic復合材料是一種有希望滿足航空發動機熱端部件1650工作溫度需要的結構材料，深入了解其氧化機理並建立氧化動力學模型對c sic復合材料的設計和應用具有重要的指導意義。

Thermally driven comparison of small single - cyclic channel and small multi - cyclic channel in gravitation field is performed through experiments and numerical simulations. the results show that the change of temperature at walls of the heat end minishes and the temperature distribution uniforms with the addition of the cyclic channels. and the ratio of the circuit ’ s height ( h ) to the distance between cooled and heat end ( w ) has effect on heat transfer

本文首先採用實驗與數值模擬相結合的方法對重力場下單循環和多循環微小通道內流體的熱驅動進行比較研究，發現隨著循環通道的增加，熱端壁溫起伏變化減小，溫度分佈逐漸均勻化，而且通道高度與冷熱端間距的比值h / w的變化對通道換熱也有影響。

Diffusion bonding technology of mosi2 heating element

2發熱元件冷熱端擴散接合工藝的研究