熱能當量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [rènéngdāngliáng]
熱能當量
英文
thermal energy yield-
The afterheat, which is collected by recovery devices, in winter can be used as the low level thermal source of heat pump, and in summer can preheat feed water, thus equivalent an economizer. because energy flows in the system so reasonably that energy is used to the most, therefore, its energy conservation effect is significant, and the operating expenditure declines consequently. the sewage can be reused after due treatment, thua it has a certain social and ecological benefit, too
本研究中選用分離式熱管裝置提供洗浴用水，利用水源熱泵裝置，一機兩用，進行空間供熱和製冷，並通過余熱回收器對系統內的余熱進行回收，冬季可作為水源熱泵的低位熱源，夏季可對鍋爐給水進行預熱，起到「省煤器」的作用。這樣實現系統內的能量合理流動，從而達到節能的目的，同時洗浴污水經適當的處理后可以回用，因而還具有一定的社會和生態效益。Analysts said it was likely to have been priced at about four times the $ 2. 50 - $ 2. 70 per million british thermal units that china agreed to pay in its first lng deal in 2002, also with australia
分析人士表示，此筆交易的定價可能約為2002年中國簽下首筆液化天然氣交易時的4倍，當時的價格為2 . 50美元至2 . 70美元/百萬英國熱量單位，交易對象也是澳大利亞。Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet - parameter on evaporator. fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio - parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping
本文的主要內容如下： 1 ）對翅片管蒸發器結構特點進行分析，選取適當的微元控制體，就干、濕和霜工況下對每個微元分別進行傳熱傳質分析，基於經驗關系式確定霜的有關參數，對于霜工況下的霜生長建立模型，經適當假設，運用質量守恆、能量守恆和動量守恆方程建立適合動態模擬的蒸發器數學模型，為系統模擬奠定基礎； 2 ）對蒸發在大擾動下的開、停機過程，運用動態集中參數模型進行分析和計算，為更好地描述製冷系統運行的全過程奠定基礎，同時也為製冷系統實現自動控制提供一定的理論基礎； 3 ）對蒸發器正常運行過程，運用動態分佈參數和參數間定量耦合的觀點來分析和計算，為更好地了解穩態工況下各點參數的變化情況及各入口參數對蒸發器動態特性的影響即蒸發器性能對各參數變化的敏感性； 4 ）編寫翅片管蒸發器動態特性模擬計算程序，可以計算不同邊界條件和初始條件下的製冷劑熱力參數、空氣溫濕度和霜厚度分佈場，實現對翅片管蒸發器在干、濕和霜工況下的動態模擬。Tensile properties and impact properties measurements were done at room temperature. the volume resistivity of rectangular samples was measured using a zc36 electrometer and a high 240a voltage supply, for samples with a low resistivity level a dt - 9205b digital multimeter was used, silver paint was applied to ensure complete contact between sample and electrodes, namely, to eliminate the contact resistance. the phase morphology of blends was also studied using a jeol jsm - 5900lv scanning electron microscope ( sem )
體積電阻率的測定：當r _ v 10 ~ 8時，製成100 100 4mm板材，用zc36型高阻儀測量；當r _ v 10 ~ 8時，用dt - 9205b型數字式萬用表測試試樣的體積電阻，為了減小接觸電阻對測試的影響，採用銀導電膠將銅片粘接在試樣的兩個端面上，靜置24小時，待銀導電膠凝固，試謝長瓊:熱拉仲對pet / pe / cb復合導電體系形態和性能的影響樣的電阻穩定后再測量。The samples with smaller grain sides were obtained in our experiment, and the properties are corresponding with that of those samples prepared by melting method mentioned previously. several approaches can be proposed for further increasing the thermoelectric properties. preparation of the material with different compositional deviations availably controlled from stoichiometry is one of the ways to change the carrier concentration, and hence to optimize the value of power factor
該方法獲取的塊體樣品的片狀顆粒的粒度遠小於熔煉法制備的樣品，樣品的性能也與熔煉法相當，如果能有效控制樣品的化學計量比，提高生成物的純度將會更大程度的提高材料的熱電性能。When auxiliary heaters are turned on the chamber pressure may rise by an order of magnitude or more.
當輔助加熱器接近燃燒室工作時，壓強就可能上升一個數量級或更多。Through adjust the initial vaiue of the water supplied tcmperature in the second - net, the amomation systcm can auto run with a depressed standard to distribllte the energy averagely
即當供熱能力不足時，通過調整二次供水溫度的設定值，使自動控制系統在降低供熱標準的基礎上自動運行，實現熱量的平均分配。The thermal sensor in front of the sculpture, capable of reading tiny temperature changes, senses the amount of heat on its surface and transmits the signal to the controller hidden underneath. the controller then changes the colour of the led neon tubes according to the information it receives from the heat sensor
前方的指示牌有一個熱能感應器，它能測量出輕微的溫度轉變，透過轉接器的幫助，將發光二極體（ led ）的顏色轉變。當溫度越高， led的顏色便會由藍轉紅。With experiments and theoretical analyzing, we find when the heat discharge is smaller than the entrainment limited, what influences the ability of heat - transmitting of work quality is the quantity of injection and dry limit fluid inventory, the optimum quantity of injection of the three working fluid is 8 ~ 14g ; and the delivering factor that transmission coefficient is determined by capillary limit, not the heat transmission ability of the thermal syphon. therefore, among the three working fluid, acetone is the best. low wind - speed has the obvious function in heat transmission of the thermal syphon
本文通過實驗研究和理論分析，認為在熱流量小於攜帶極限時，影響工質傳熱能力的是cpu重力熱管的充液量和其乾涸極限，此次所實驗的三種工質，最佳充液量應當在8g ~ 14g ；傳輸因素主要決定普通熱管的毛細極限，而不是重力熱管傳熱能力的決定因素；三種工質中的最佳工質是丙酮；小風速時風速的變化對cpu重力熱管的傳熱有明顯的作用，但在風速大於1m / s以後，風速增加對于cpu重力熱管的傳熱能力的增加效果減緩。The heat contained in a natural steam field is exploited by drilling a suitable number of wells down to the reservoir.
天然蒸氣田所含有的熱能可以通過鉆井的方法，即打適當數量的井孔到達熱儲的方法進行開采。Thermal equivalent of electric energy
電能熱當量Argues that equal charge for equal thermal comfort is a basic point to treat the impartiality of heat charge that for residential apartments, an impartial treatment of the heat charging problem is much more important than enhancing precision of the heat meter, that the heat used to heat metering and charging should be an equivalent heat. that to deal with charging problems by recklessly cutting off an end user from the heating system would only damage the heating companies ' benefits, and that any system which satisfies household room based adjustment should be adopted
摘要等舒適度等熱費是解決熱用戶熱費公平問題所選定的一個分析問題的基點；解決公寓類住宅熱用戶的熱費公平問題，比提高熱量表的計量準確度等級更重要；計算熱用戶熱費的熱量應是當量熱量；供暖系統鎖閉改造，受損害的是改造者；能滿足分室調節的任何一種系統形式均可以採用。When it is too cold or there is not enough thermal energy in the first - nst so we can not regulate to the initial value even if the valves are all opened, we must at this time revise initial value of the t6mpeate of the second - net, lower the heat - supply standard, and make the pots which near the heat - source or far to the heatsource are both have energy to.,
當天氣太冷或一次熱網供熱能力不足時，即便是二次熱網閥門全開也不能調節到設定值，此時必須修正二次熱網溫度設定值，降低供熱標準，使熱源近端和末端都有熱量可供，解決系統失調。This plan avoids the phenomenon that it is too hot at the nearer of the heatsource but too coid at the end. most big heat - net use indirect heat - supply mode, when the fist - net can provide enough thermal energy, the regulating system can run dependably according the initial value
為解決好熱力站的爭熱現象，提出「熱量均攤」控制策略，避免了熱源近端太熱而末端太冷的現象的發生。大型熱網普遍採用間接供熱方式，當一次熱網供熱能力充足時，調節系統會根據設定值可靠運行。When activated by an built - in electric waves yanging from 2 to 25 ( microns ) in wavelength and 28 to 34 mw / sq. cm in intensity that coincide with the wavelengths and intensity of the electromagnetic waves released by a human body and are cosquently absorbed by the body ( so - called selective absorption )
其內部所含元素可以通過電能轉換為熱能，當激發到一定溫度，便會產生一種具有不同波長和不同能量的綜合電磁波，這種被吸收的電磁波能增強人體的自身調節機制及免疫力，使癥狀迅速康復，提高機體抵抗力。The thermal - wet comfort proprties of textiles under the conditions that the environment temperature is higher than that of human body ( called “ reverse temperature field ” ) are examined in this paper. four quanties ( i. e. equivalent thermal resistance, thermal resistance, resistance to water vapour transmission and air permeability ) were suggested as the physical indexes of thermal - wet comfort properties of textiles under this condition. their special meanings under this condition were explained also. the colthing microclimate testing meter was used to determine the indexes of seven different kinds of textiles. the statistical analysis was applied to analyse the relationship between these indexes and the results from wearing - clothing test. some elementary results were obtained
研究了在環境溫度高於人體體表溫度（稱逆溫差）條件下，服裝用織物的熱濕舒適性能，提出使用當量熱阻、熱阻、濕阻及透氣率作為在此條件下織物的熱濕舒適性物理指標，指出了在此條件下其特殊含義.並且用織物微氣候儀測試了此條件下7種織物的熱濕舒適性指標，與對比穿著試驗的結果進行了分析，得出了一些初步規律This experiment include many contents, in a word, that is summer condition experiment, winter condition experiment > summer - winter transition condition experiment and winter - summer transition condition experiment, furthermore summer condition experiment still include flux changing experiment and winter condition experiment still include thermal balance experiment this article dealt with the data of the test, calculating out energy absorbing ( energy discharging ) of buried pipe in winter condition ( summer condition ), input power of heat pump x heat exchanging of piece buried pipe length x co - efficiency performance ? op ( energy efficiency rate ? er ) and average heat exchanging coefficient ; in additiont this article compares the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of underground the first layer and the second layer buried pipe when heat pump was running, the results are that the heat exchanging ability of the second layer buried pipe outgos the first layer buried pipe, and heat exchanging is more stable ; and still analyse earth temperature resuming in the transition season. the results are earth temperature resume fast in the first week when the heat pump runs off
本文測試內容相當多，概括地說就是四個工況的測試，即夏季製冷工況的測試、冬季供熱工況的測試、夏?冬過渡季測試和冬?夏過渡季測試；另外在夏季工況的測試中還進行了變流量測試，在冬季工況的測試中還進行了熱平衡測試。本文對測試數據進行了處理，計算出了冬（夏）季工況埋管吸（放）熱量、熱泵空調器供熱量（製冷量） 、熱泵空調器輸入功率、埋管單位管長換熱量、供熱性能系數（製冷能效比）和平均傳熱系數等；另外，還比較了熱泵運行時地下一二層埋管進出水溫度變化情形，得出地下二層埋管換熱能力優于地下一層埋管，且換熱很穩定；並分析了過渡季地下一二層埋管溫度恢復情形，得出熱泵系統停機一周內地溫恢復特別快。The important research is about the theory and methods of the cluster analysis in view of statistical theory, the theory and methods of fuzzy cluster analysis, the fkn " s structure and the fkn ' s study algorithm ( fkn, fuzzy kohonen network ) - the organic fusion of the fuzzy c - means algorithm and self - organized feature map neural network. the paper proposes the ifkn ( improved fkn ) on the basis of the hard classification idea and the soft classification idea, then carries on the cluster analysis of the artificial synthetic control chart time series through matlab program and tt ? cluster result matches the cluster result of the famous dataengine " s software of the intellectual data analysis and data mining from german mit company. finally, the paper discusses the applying of the cluster analysis to the control process, which can be widely applied to the pattern recognition of the parameter " s changing trend during the control process and the image partition processing, and utilizes the ifkn to recognize the thermotechnical parameter " s changing trend based on the engineering of clinker sintering rotary kiln automatic control system of guizhou " s aluminium factory, through which good effect is obtained
數據挖掘技術在商業領域中已廣泛使用，然而在工業過程式控制制中的應用卻極少，本文正是在這種背景下，對數據挖掘中的聚類分析方法及其在工業過程式控制制中的應用研究作了償試，重點研究了基於統計理論的聚類分析理論和方法，模糊聚類分析理論和方法及模糊kohonen網路（ fkn ）的結構與學習演算法，即模糊c ? ?均值演算法與自組織特徵映射神經網路（ kohonen網路）的有機融合，並根據硬分類思想及軟分類思想提出了改進的模糊kohonen網路（ ifkn ） ，通過matlab編程對人工合成控制時序圖數據集進行聚類分析，其聚類效果與當今廣泛使用的數掘挖掘軟體平臺，德國mit公司著名的dataengine智能數據分析和數掘挖掘軟體的聚類效果相當，最後，論述了聚類分析在控制中的應用，它可以用於過程式控制制中的參數變化趨勢的模式識別及圖象分割處理等具體應用中，並以貴州鋁廠熟料燒結回轉窯自動控制系統為工程背景，利用ifkn識別其熱工參量變化趨勢，取得了較理想的效果。The half - a - kilometer deep and 200 - km - wide gulf stream has been estimated to carry energy equivalent to burning 160 billion kilograms of coal an hour
據推測， 0 . 5千米深、 200千米寬的灣流傳送的能量，相當於1600億千克的煤燃燒1小時所產生的熱能。( 2 ) the damping mechanism of multi - energy transitions takes effect when the vgcf content is among the semi - conductive area. when the vgcf content is low ( below 8 % ), the vgcf conductive circuit does not form and the heat loss is quite little. when the vgcf content is higher than 20 %, the transition efficiency between electric energy and heat is limited
這是由於當vgcf含量太少時（低於8 ） ，復合材料中導電網路還沒有來得及形成，起不到能量損耗的目的；而當vgcf含量太高時（高於20 ） ，電導率太高，復合材料成為電的良導體，電能與熱能之間的轉換效率很低，能量損耗也不高。分享友人