球面天文學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qiúmiàntiānwénxué]
球面天文學 英文
spherical astronomy
  • 球 : 名詞1 （以半圓的直徑為軸 使半圓旋轉一周而成的立體; 由中心到表面各點距離都相等的立體） sphere; glo...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 球面 : spherical surface; sphere球面艙壁 spherical bulkhead; 球面車床 spherical turning lathe; 球面反射...
  1. The article is based on nation nature science foundation of china, " biogeochemical cycling of pollutants in complex environments of tidal flats in the yangtze estuary " ( no. 40131020 ). the author chose open tidal flat of dong tang chongming yangtze estuary as research object and set up typical section plane so that under the good condition, the author measured hydrology element, total nitrogen and total phosphor index

    本文依託國家自然科學基金重點項目「長江口濱岸潮灘復雜環境條件下物質循環研究」 （批準號： 40131020 ） ，選擇了長江口崇明東灘敞開型潮灘為研究對象，設置典型斷面，在平靜天氣條件下，實測了水文、地球化學要素，獲得了水位、流向、流速、 tn及tp等指標6000多個實測數據，著重對長江口潮灘水動力過程、 tn和tp的動力輸移過程進行研究。
  2. The water, which is the source of life, has a close relation with the growing of the human beings and the development of the city. the shore of river, ocean and lake is the cradle of humankind civilization. there is the original city in drainage areas of some rivers. the waterfront which has internal permanent attraction for humankind is the most sensitive area in urban environment and culture. however, at present days of the industrial civilization, with accelerating of urbanization and fastly enlarging of city size, some problems, such as the pollution of the environment, the lack of resource, the expanding of population, the traffic confusion, the unbalance of culture and the ecosphere crisis, have arised. these problems have badly influnced the development of urban waterfront. the whole world has know the importance of ecosphere crisis and the protection of environment but, how to treat the urban waterfront which is the typical environment of human living ? this article try to study the protection and utilization of resource, the development of economy and culture and the shaping of space landscape about the urban waterfront with the aspect of sustainablity development

    但是在工業文明日益發達的今天，隨著城市化進程的加快和城市規模的飛速擴大所帶來的環境污染、資源衰竭、人口膨脹、交通混亂、文化失衡和生態危機等問題，嚴重地影響了城市濱水區的發展。生態危機和環境保護已經引起了全球的重視，而城市濱水區作為人類聚居的一個典型環境，該何去何從呢?本文試圖以生態學理論為基礎，用可持續發展的觀點從生態持續、經濟持續和社會文化持續等幾個方面對城市濱水區的資源保護和利用、經濟、文化的發展和空間景觀的塑造進行研究。
  3. Above this 34 - m antenna, called dss - 13, is one of those large dishes of the deep space network in goldstone, california and is primarily used for receiving echoes reflected from asteroids when they are beamed by groundbased radio signals

    圖上這座口徑34米的天線，編號dss - 13 ，隸屬美國加州的深空網路。當天文學家從地面向小行星發射無線電波時，小行星會把部分電波反射回地球，並由dss - 13所接收。
  4. Above ) this 34 - m antenna, called dss - 13, is one of those large dishes of the deep space network in goldstone, california and is primarily used for receiving echoes reflected from asteroids when they are beamed by groundbased radio signals

    （圖上）這座口徑34米的天線，編號dss - 13 ，隸屬美國加州的深空網路。當天文學家從地面向小行星發射無線電波時，小行星會把部分電波反射回地球，並由dss - 13所接收。
  5. Many planets ( for example, ganymede, mercury, the earth, jupiter and saturn ) and stars ( for example, the sun ) possess intrinsic magnetic fields. the explanation for their existence and variation remains a great challenge to planetary scientists and astrophysicists. this article attempts to review some recent developments and difficulties in the study of magnetohydrodynamics for the electrically conducting fluid interiors of planets and stars. it is the fluid motions, usually driven by thermal convection, that generate and sustain magnetic fields through magnetohydrodynamic processes in planets and stars. in planets, the magnetohydrodynamic processes are strongly affected by the combined and inseparable effects of rotation, magnetic fields and spherical geometry. the key dynamics involves the interaction between the coriolis and lorentz forces. in the sun, it is the solar tachocline, a thin shear flow layer located at the base of the convection envelope, that plays an essential role in the solar magnetohydrodynamic processes which produce the 11 - year sunspot cycle. some results of a new nonlinear three - dimensional solar dynamo model are also presented

    許多行星（如木衛三，水星，地球，木星和土星）和恆星（如太陽）具有內部磁場.對這些磁場的存在和變化的解釋對行星科學家和天體物理學家是一個巨大的挑戰.本文試圖總結行星和恆星的導電流體內部磁流體力學研究的新近發展和困難.一般由熱對流驅動的流動通過磁流體力學過程產生並維持在行星和恆星中的磁場.在行星中磁流體力學過程強烈地受到轉動，磁場和球幾何位型的綜合影響.其動力學的關鍵方面涉及科里奧利力和洛倫茲力間的相互作用.在太陽中其流線，即處于對流層的薄的剪切流層在太陽的磁流體力學過程中扮演了一個基本的角色，並由之產生了11年的太陽黑子周期.本文也給出了一個新的非線性三維太陽發電機模型
  6. Geoid is the reference datum of spatial data collection, so how to ascertain the geoid, that of all over the world, that of one nation, or that of one zone, is always an nuclear task of surveying science but there is not the quick and automatic solution. the density of the required data of astronomical measurement, gravimeter survey and geodesic survey is not satisfied

    大地水準面是空間測量數據外業採集所依據的參考基準面。確定全球、一個國家、一個地區的大地水準面的形狀始終是測繪科學的一項核心內容，一直未能有快速、簡潔、自動的解決方法。需要的天文測量、重力測量、大地測量等數據的密度無法滿足其需要。
  7. In the day of the economic global and knowdge economic, the situation and policy education of the high school students will confront with new opportunity and challenge

    今天，在經濟全球化和知識經濟時代，大學生形勢與政策教育面臨新的機遇和挑戰。論文概述了形勢與政策教育的基本理論。
  8. For its unparalleled optical properties, aspheric optical parts are obviously used in many fields such as military affairs, astronaviation, aviation, nuclear energy, chronometer and some important civil industry fields. especially in the modern national defense industry, along with the development of model weapons, the use of aspheric optical parts will be more and more extensive, with even bigger size and higher surface quality and face accuracy

    非球面光學零件以其優良的光學性能在軍事、航天、航空、核能、天文以及重要的民用工業領域都有廣泛的需求，尤其是在現代國防工業中，隨著型號武器的發展，非球面光學零件的使用越來越廣泛，所需要的尺寸也越來越大，其表面質量及輪廓精度要求也越來越高。
  9. The aim of this chapter is to provide a brief survey of the fundamentals of spherical astronomy.

    本章將簡述球面天文學的基本知識。
  10. London, england ( ap ) - - a dark red shadow crept across the moon saturday during the first total lunar eclipse in nearly three years, thrilling stargazers and astronomers around the world

    倫敦，英國（聯合通訊社） - -星期六，暗紅色的陰影爬上了月球的表面，這是近三年來的首次月全蝕，這次月全蝕讓全世界的天文學家們都激動不以。
  11. Besides, as crustal movement would affect sea level measurement, the hong kong observatory in co - operation with the lands department and hong kong polytechnic university has started to make measurement of the vertical ground movement at tide gauge stations, using satellite - based global positioning system techniques, since 2004. the data will support long term sea level change studies in future

    此外，由於地殼移動可能對海面水位測定有影響，香港天文臺與地政總署及香港理工大學合作由二四年起利用全球定位系統衛星技術，定期測量測潮站所在地殼的升降情況，支援日後本港長期海平面變化的研究。
  12. Point diffraction interferometer - a physical idea, is invented by smartt and strong in 1972, advanced by smartt and steel, and used to test astronomical telescope, it has simple structure and has not special demand to source. recently. with the development of fiber ' s manufacture and coupling technology. the simple modern fiber ' s center is smaller than before, this make it possible to progress fiber point diffraction interferometer ( pdi ), in addition to test convergent wavefront, it can test the reflective concave. the excellence of pdi is that it does not need standard mirror. in intereference testing, the standard mirror is the main reason which limit the improvement of precision, pdi can avoid difficulty to provide the wide future for high precision testing. pdi, which produce the standard sphere wavefront, is an instrument which realize the phase shifting with piezoelectric transducer ( pzt ), and collect the interferogram with ccd, in this paper, a adjusting methord is described, then data processing is obtained

    點衍射干涉儀這一物理思想，早在1972年smartt和strong就已發明，由smartt和steel做了進一步發展，並成功的用於檢測天文望遠鏡，它結構簡單，對光源沒有特殊要求，近年來，由於光纖製造工藝以及耦合技術的發展，單模光纖纖芯不斷縮小，為光纖點衍射干涉儀得以發展提供了前提條件，該干涉儀由激光照明，除了檢測會聚波前外，還可以用來檢測反射凹球面，進而應用到單個面形的檢測；另外，光纖點衍射干涉儀最大的優點是不需要標準鏡，在干涉檢測中，標準鏡是檢測精度受限的很大原因，光纖點衍射干涉儀能繞開這一難度，為進行高精度的光學檢測提供了廣闊的前景。
  13. The orbit of venus, for example, is inclined 3. 4 degrees to earth ' s orbit, so even when venus is in the same direction as the sun ( “ in conjunction, ” as astronomers say ), most of the time it is too far above or below the ecliptic to cross the sun ' s face [ see top illustration in box on opposite page ]

    例如金星軌道和地球軌道有3 . 4度的夾角，因此即使金星和太陽在同一個方位（天文學家稱之為合） ，大部份時候金星都遠在黃道的上方或下方，而不是橫過太陽表面（見右頁金星凌日的幾何學） 。
  14. Mr yeung said, " regional climate change study is a key area of work of the hong kong observatory. " besides, as crustal movement would affect sea level measurement, the hong kong observatory in co - operation with the lands department and hong kong polytechnic university has started to make measurement of the vertical ground movement at tide gauge stations, using satellite - based global positioning system techniques, since 2004. the data will support long term sea level change studies in future

    楊繼興表示：研究本地區氣候變化是香港天文臺工作重點之一。此外，由於地殼移動可能對海面水位測定有影響，香港天文臺與地政總署及香港理工大學合作由二四年起利用全球定位系統衛星技術，定期測量測潮站所在地殼的升降情況，支援日後本港長期海平面變化的研究。
  15. Research on superconducting josephson array oscillator, a national nature science fund subject, investigates a high property thz oscillate source with wide potential applications in many areas, such as aerospace, universal detection and object recognition

    超導約瑟夫森結陣列振蕩器是國家自然科學基金項目，這種振蕩器是一種具有廣闊應用前景的高性能thz振蕩源。這種器件在航空航天、天文探測、地球衛星遙感、衛星地面目標識別以及醫療診斷上均有著極為廣闊的前景。
  16. The dissertation is based on the item of scientific research - infrared phase - shifting twyman interferometer, which derives from nanjing research institute of astronomical optics & technology of chinese academy of sciences. the infrared phase - shifting twyman interferometer being developed is to be used in measuring rough surfaces, large aperture spherical surfaces, and so on

    本論文結合科研項目「紅外泰曼干涉儀」進行，該項目來源於中國科學院南京天文光學技術研究所，研製的干涉儀主要用於測量粗糙表面的面形、大口徑球面等。
  17. Astrophysicists working with ground - based detectors at the south pole and ballon - borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon

    回答：天文學家使用南極的地面探測器和氣球所載的儀器觀測這種結構，研究即將結束，並很快會報告他們的研究結果
  18. Noted british astronomer patrick moore announced on the radio in 1976 that at 9 : 47 am, a once - in - a - lifetime astronomical event, in which pluto would pass behind jupiter, would cause a gravitational alignment that would reduce the earth ' s gravity

    1976年愚人節，英國著名天文學家帕特里克?摩爾通過電臺宣布，當天早上9時47分會出現一個百年一遇的天文現象，冥王星將從木星後面經過，由此而形成的引力組合將使地球的引力減弱。
  19. Because the forces that are supposed to drive off mass from dying stars are spherically symmetrical, astronomers before the 1980s thought of planetary nebulae as expanding spherical bubbles [ see “ planetary nebulae, ” by martha and william liller ; scientific american, april 1963 ]

    由於原本認為，從垂死恆星表面將質量載運出來的作用力具有球狀對稱性， 1980年代以前的天文學家，把行星狀星雲想像成膨脹的球形泡泡（請參見延伸閱讀1 ） 。
  20. Fig 2 : the spectrun is one of the main tools in astronomy, but ir only tells what is happenign on the stellar surface

    圖二光譜天文學主要工具，但只反映星球表面狀況。光譜由香港中文大學物理系李詠傑同學拍攝。
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