瓶頸技術 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [píngjǐngjìshù]
瓶頸技術
英文
bottle neck technique-
The optical manufacturing for off - axis aspheric mirrors has become increasingly challenging for two reasons. the mirrors, in addition to being larger, are more aspheric and off - axis in order to meet the requirement of next generation space camera, which is commonly configured as three - mirror - anastigmat ( tma ) to get both wide fov and high resolution, and the required accuracy is more stringent
近年來，人們提出了「離軸三反消像散」 （ tma ）結構來滿足下一代空間相機「詳查」和「寬覆蓋」的技術要求，該結構中要求使用三塊離軸非球面反射鏡，而大口徑、高精度離軸非球面反射鏡的製造技術是研製tma結構空間相機的主要技術瓶頸之一。Development and bottleneck of micro - computer technology
微型計算機技術的發展與瓶頸In our country, in order to turn the risk investment into the brooder of high technology industry, the problem needed to be solved first is the bottleneck problem which restricts the shaping up of risk investment, that is the system arrangement of risk investment
我國風險投資要成為高新技術產業的「孵化器」 ，首先要解決的就是制約其順利發展的「瓶頸問題」 ? ?風險投資的制度安排。As a contrast, the loops linking customer terminals with the central offices are mostly traditional cupreous twisted - pairs, on which a data stream can only be transferred at a rate of no more than 64kb / s using an analog modem
隨著光纖技術的迅速普及，尤其是密集波分復用技術的大力採用，我國骨幹傳輸網的帶寬瓶頸問題已經基本得到解決。然而，在用戶終端到電信端局的接入網路上，絕大多數接入介質還是傳統的銅雙絞線。High accuracy kdp crystal optics is now considered as one of optics that is the most difficult to be processed for its series of disadvantageous characteristics to optics processing such as anisotropy, soft nature, easy to deliquesce, high brittleness, sensitive to temperature change, easy to crack and so on. therefore the long machining period, low percent of pass and astaticism quality has become the bottleneck of icf technology, and the surface quality control of kdp crystal processing has become the key problem to be solved in the research of icf in our country
Kdp晶體零件是目前公認的最難加工的光學零件之一，因為kdp晶體具有各向異性、質軟、易潮解、脆性高、對溫度變化敏感和易開裂等不利於光學加工的特點，所以加工周期長、合格率低、質量不穩定成為慣性約束聚變技術的瓶頸， kdp晶體超精密加工表面質量控制問題已經成為我國慣性約束聚變研究中亟待解決的關鍵問題。Cbr is used to obtain the domain knowledge and experience embedded in campaign plans by memorizing the existing cases, which is similar with the operating procedure mainly relied on the planning of aoc. moreover, cbr eases the bottleneck of the formalization of domain theory and experience of aoc through memorization. therefore, it is pretty rational and worthwhile for this thesis to introduce cbr and take it as the planning technology of aoc
基於案例的推理是通過回憶已有案例來獲得蘊涵在作戰計劃中的知識和經驗，但是對空中進攻作戰的知識和經驗進行規范化表示很困難， cbr則通過回憶避開了知識規則表示的瓶頸，因此，本文將cbr技術引入空中進攻作戰計劃生成中，具有相當的可行性和重要的應用價值。Along with the deeper study on the reliability testing and testing equipments, varieties of testing methods and fail data emerge as the times require, naturally the former analytic method would probably not satisfy us when the condition changes. the inapposite statistical arithmetic would clag the development of reliability technology undoubtedly
在電器可靠性技術領域，隨著對電器產品可靠性試驗及其裝置深入的研究，各種不同的試驗方法及不同類型的失效數據應運而生，繼續沿用以往的失效數據分析方法將可能不會得出令人滿意的結果，因此能否尋找出適合的數理統計方法將是制約可靠性研究的一個瓶頸。Therefore able to capture at the same time observe the nanoparticles into optical tweezers technology in - depth study nanoparticles bottlenecks
因此能夠捕獲的同時觀察納米粒子成了光鑷技術深入研究納米粒子的瓶頸。We pay more attention on the external assessments including politics, economy, laws, culture, technology and etc. in part two, according the assessment herein before, we seek after the way of building the very core rivalship ability of the sme, and the carving out strategy of sme
第二部分著重探討了高新技術中小企業的發展戰略。討論中小高新技術中小企業構建企業核心能力的途徑：抓住細分市場，實行目標集中的戰略；加大技術創新力度，提高企業核心產品競爭力；建立新型的企業人才機制；實施管理創新，突破家族化管理瓶頸。The west is the regions where ethnic minorities live in compact communities. the average quality of people is very low, at the same time, the proportion of illiterate and semiliterate is very loud. it is short of the qualified scientists and technicians and economical management personnel
西部地區是我國少數民族聚居地區，人口平均素質比較低，文盲、半文盲的比例相當高，缺乏一支符合要求的科學技術隊伍與經濟管理隊伍，以及具有較高素質的普通勞動者，人才問題成為了制約西部大開發的瓶頸因素。Millimeter - wave power source plays a key role in millimeter - wave systems
但是，目前毫米波功率資源仍是制約毫米波技術在應用系統中的關鍵性瓶頸問題。This scheme integrates universual data accesss technology of microsoft, which plays a more and more important role in three - lay c / s ( client / server ) and uses the technology of ado ( active data access ), adopts the asp script language in display the results and uses stored procedure of sql server in databases design. in the system of b / s, client realizes a high efficient access to the server database through displaying diversified active controls in browser and using ado to access the data source. the disposing of data accures under the database not in the font of this system. this kind of scheme cannot only bring the system a higher real time response, but also decrease data runoff of the networks, lower the possibility that web server becomes bottleneck of the system and make the system more transplantable
當前的web數據庫訪問技術正處于發展階段，針對這種情況，本文通過分析當前各種流行的web數據庫訪問方案的優缺點，結合在三層次的c / s系統中扮演越來越重要的角色的中間件技術，採用了microsoft公司所提出的一致數據訪問技術，利用ado控制項，結合當前的asp語言，底層數據庫採用了sqlserver7 . 0的存儲過程技術，設計了一種自己的web數據庫訪問方案，即在browser / server系統當中，客戶端通過顯示在瀏覽器中的各種activex控制項，通過了ado連接數據庫，數據的處理利用了存儲在數據庫內部執行，實現對後端數據庫的高效訪問，並且這種方案在給系統帶來較高的實時響應性能的同時，減少了網路數據流量，降低了web服務器成為系統瓶頸的可能性，也增強了系統的可移植性。Specially since they are lack of capital, technology and talented people, they add hardship to development of jilin province. that how to improve the developing environmrnt, break the bottleneckrestrictions and get quick an advance, are all the problems crying for solution
特別是企業資金缺乏、人才匱乏、技術落後等問題已成為制約中小企業發展的瓶頸因素，如何破解這些瓶頸因素，創造外部優良環境，實現中小企業的快速發展。In order to put smart antenna into practice easily, the author propose a new criterion and algorithm, maximal signal criterion and step - change searching prestore - weight algorithm which adapt to circinal array antenna and can be implemented into practice easily
白適應演算法是智能天線技術實現的瓶頸，因此尋找一種更簡單實用的自適應演算法把智能天線技術真正應用到實際工程中具有重要的現實意義和實用價值。This system uses lotus domino / notes r5 as its developing and running platform of oas, takes a associative developing mode of browser / server and client / server, document management is the central function, along with receive transaction dispatch transaction, document hasten and other function, it realize the automation of the office flow0 this paper introduces the national development and overseas of oa along with its correlative technology and the function and characteristic of lotus domino / notes firstly, analyzes the difficulty that oas faced with, brings forward a associative developing mode of browser / server and client / server and shows the design project and instance, the paper introduces the development of domino in web and the realization of workflow, gives the solution of some questions in the development and application of office automation system
本系統以lotusdomino notesr5作為oas的開發、運行平臺，採用browser server與client server相結合的開發模式，以公文管理為核心，完成了收文辦理、發文辦理、公文催辦等功能，實現了辦公流程的自動化。論文首先介紹了oa在國內外的發展狀況及其相關技術以及lotusdomino notes的功能和特性，分析了目前oas所面臨的困繞，提出了browser server與client server相結合的開發模式並給出設計方案及實例，重點介紹了domino的web開發和工作流的實現，並且針對oas開發和實施中關于notes應用與外部數據庫之間的數據交換問題、工作流的自動化和靈活化問題以及網路瓶頸等問題給出解決方案，最後就安全性策略進行探討。This paper based on the man and machine system theory, aims at the bottleneck problem exit in the automatic manufacturing system - material handling system. the paper puts forward a new material delivering equipment - semi - automatic guided vehicle, which is used to replace the agv ( automatic rail guided vehicle ) in ams ( advanced manufacturing system ), to make up its defects, such as high cost, great technical difficulty, low reliability, and difficult to spread in our country etc. the paper brings forward a new technique of communication that is combining mailslot with windows socket
本文以人機一體化系統理論為基礎，針對製造自動化系統目前存在的瓶頸問題?物流系統，提出開發一種全新的送料設備?半自動無軌運輸車，用來取代ams （先進製造車間）中的agv （自動導向小車） ，彌補其製造成本高、技術難度大、可靠性不高、在國內難以推廣的缺點。On the basis, design optimization of film grabing structure of hspc is realized. it solves the technical bottleneck of high - speed photograph. the design ability of the hspc is improved
在此基礎上，實現了高速攝影機抓片機構的優化設計，解決了高速攝影機高速攝影的技術瓶頸，提升了攝影機的研製水平，為高速攝影性能的提高提供了一條新的研究途徑。Foreign investment, industry, import and export. it deems that the biggest shortcoming of tep is not that tax level ' s decrease shocks import and export markets, but that the ratio - grads - structure is irrationality, which results in insufficiency of protection to key parts and semi - finished products. it is just the bottleneck of the whole industry
主要是從關稅有效保護率、外商投資、產業、進出口四方面在於關稅下調導致進口劇增沖擊了國內市場，而在於產業的關稅梯度結構不合理、對關鍵資本投入品的保護不足、技術進步緩慢從而成為整個產業發展的瓶頸。Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants
文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映This program is launched to solve a fundamental issue existed : the direct factor influencing the optical transmission - variation of refraction index of the media in flow - field, in other words, to use ground simulation equipment or facilities to investigate the ao effects when qualitatively visualizing and quantitatively measuring the interaction of high - temperature, turbulent or shock wave flow - field with optical beam propagating through them, so that technology support can be provided for the high - speed interceptor development
本項目就是針對這一瓶頸技術存在的基礎性問題：流場介質折射率變化是影響光學傳輸最直接的因素，即針對光線穿過高溫和湍流、激波等復雜流場作定性顯示和定量測量問題而開展的氣動光學效應地面模擬測試研究工作，為高速攔截彈的發展提供技術基礎。分享友人