直接加熱法 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhíjiējiārèfǎ]
直接加熱法
英文
direct heat method-
Direct heating in an electric furnace is the dominant commercial practice.
在電爐內進行直接加熱成了在商業上獨占的方法。Firstly. operation principle of induction heating is introduced and the actuality of the power supply for induction heating is summarized. then, the scheme of structure of the power supply is established : uncontrolled rectifier and buck chopper constitute dc circuit. in this part, operation principle of a kind of soft switching buck chopper is presented mainly and the conclusion that the power semiconductor devices operate in soft switching is also illustrated by analysing the operation principle of all stages ; series resonant inverter is selected as inverter circuit via comparing the advantage and shortcoming of parallel resonant and series resonant. moreover. the work principle of series resonant inverter is analysed and the calculating method of the best dead time is put forward as well
文中首先介紹了感應加熱電源的工作原理並綜述了國內外的研究現狀。接下來分析並制定了電源主電路的構成方案：在對比幾種功率調節方式的基礎上選擇了不控整流加斬波調壓作為直流部分。在這部分里，重點研究了一種軟開關buck變換器，通過分析各階段的工作原理說明了開關器件如何工作在軟開關狀態；對于逆變器部分，在比較了串、並聯逆變器優缺點的基礎上選擇了串聯諧振逆變器，並詳細分析了串聯逆變器的工作原理，提出了最佳死區的計算方法。From the feature of the force and deformation of the tpih, 5 different elements are used to mesh the different zones of the tube, which are structural beam 3d elastic 4, structural pipe plastic straight 20, structural pipe elastic elbow 18, structural shell elastic 4 node 63 and contact 3d pt - to - surf 49 ; the contact problem is assumed to be flexible - to - flexible ; the temperature field is assumed to be body load. a mechanical model corresponding to reality has been established for numerical simulation. based on the above, the 3 - d fem numerical simulation of tpih has been carried out by using the ansys program
針對加熱彎管過程的受力和變形特點，採用三維梁單元、三維塑性直管單元、三維彈性曲管單元、三維殼單元與三維點對面接觸單元等5種不同的單元分別對管毛坯不同區域進行劃分，並對接觸單元採用柔體-柔體的處理方法，將溫度場作為體載荷處理，建立了符合實際的加熱彎管問題數值模擬力學模型：在此基礎上，應用商用軟體ansys對加熱彎管過程進行三維有限元模擬與研究，獲得了成形時推力、彎矩、支撐力大小及其變化趨勢。The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film
試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。The direct root - finding method, as a conventional method for analyzing transient heat conduction of wall, will produce much inevitable problem such as root - missing and low efficiency. at all times, people quested for more efficient and simple method to analyze its dynamic heat conduction
傳統的分析墻體不穩定傳熱的方法?直接求根法存在失根、效率低下等諸多問題，一直以來，人們不斷尋求更加簡單、更高效率的方法來分析其動態傳熱過程。Standard test method for determination of water moisture content of soil by direct heating
用直接加熱法測定土壤中含水量的標準試驗方法The traditional ag / graphite electrical brush is a kind of excellent electrical contact material. with the increase of the content of graphite, though the properties of lubrication may be increased, the properties of mechanical and electrical are linear decrease. the applications will be very difficulty in complicated environment
傳統銀-石墨電刷材料是一種很好的電接觸材料，但隨著石墨含量的增加，雖然潤滑性能增加但其相對密度、硬度、導電性能都直線下降，已很難滿足現在各種復雜情況下的應用，因此需要採用一種新的方法或材料來代替石墨，即起到潤滑的作用又可增強、導電導熱。This was invented that first taiwan uses the solar heating air to expand acting and machine drawn water initial stage to the men that solar energy uses from 1615 france engineer luo virtue cock, and the mankind directly use solar energy as the one kind of sources of energy and motive force, and has had the history of more than 300 years
太陽能的利用從1615年法國工程師所羅門?德?考克斯發明了第一臺利用太陽能加熱空氣膨脹做功而抽水的機器開始，人類將太陽能作為一種能源和動力直接加以利用，已有300多年的歷史了。The development of solar energy cell : from 1615 this was invented that first taiwan uses the solar heating air to expand acting and machine drawn water initial stage to france engineer luo men virtue cock, and the mankind directly use solar energy as the one kind of sources of energy and motive force, and has had the history of more than 300 years
太陽能電池的發展：從1615年法國工程師所羅門?德?考克斯發明了第一臺利用太陽能加熱空氣膨脹做功而抽水的機器開始，人類將太陽能作為一種能源和動力直接加以利用，已有300多年的歷史了。It was approved by provincial technical authentication in 1999 that the high pressure hydrogenation stainless - steel sharp bend elbow made by our company has filled up the blank of the technology of high pressure close to hydrogen, direct heating the sharp bend elbow with flame in china, and with this product, our company was awarded the second and third prize of science technology progress in local and city, whats more, this product has also been recommended as the high - tech product by china council for the promotion of international trade and french supervising estimating commotion for scientific quality
公司自主研發的「 180不銹鋼無縫彎頭」 ，被評為國家級新產品「高壓加氫不銹鋼急彎彎管」 99年通過省部級技術鑒定，填補了「高壓臨氫火焰直接加熱急彎彎管」工藝技術的國內空白，榮獲地市科技進步二三等獎，被中國國際貿易促進委員會及法國科技質量監督評價委員會向歐盟市場推薦為高科技產品Ir - ta - ti metal oxide coated titanium anodes of variable composition were prepared by thermal decomposition. their micro morphorogies and electrochemical properties were characterized by scanning electron microscope, open circuit potential, cyclic voltammetry, consumption rate measurements and accelerated life test. the sem results indicated that all coatings were of a porous and cracked - mud microstructure influenced greatly by the composition of coatings. the electrochemical measurements showed that the ir - ta - ti ternary oxide - coated anodes exhibited excellent electrochemical activity and electrochemical stability in both acidic media and seawater which were affected by the composition and microstructure of the coatings. owing to good corrosion resistance and low consumption rate in seawater, metal oxde coated anodes belong to insoluble material, and can be potentially applid in impressed current cathodic protection systems as an anode
採用熱分解方法在鈦基體上制備銥鉭鈦金屬氧化物陽極，用掃描電鏡對陽極塗層顯微形貌進行分析，通過強化電解壽命試驗、開路電位測試、消耗率試驗及循環伏安曲線研究了金屬氧化物陽極的電化學性能. sem分析結果表明銥鉭鈦金屬氧化物陽極塗層呈現多孔多裂紋形貌結構.隨陽極塗層組成不同，塗層顯微形貌表現出很大差異，這種差異直接影響陽極電化學性能.電化學性能試驗結果表明銥鉭鈦金屬氧化物陽極在酸性介質和海水中具有良好的電化學穩定性和電化學活性.此外，銥鉭鈦金屬氧化物陽極在海水中的消耗率很低，屬于不溶性的陽極材料，作為外加電流陰極保護用輔助陽極具有廣泛的應用前景Abstract : the mathematical model of dhcr heating of continuous casting slab is established, and solved by using the finite difference method, then the temperature distribution and heating time during different heating periods are found. this model can be used for determining the dhcr heating system of continuous casting slab
文摘:建立了連鑄板坯直接熱裝加熱數學模型，並用有限差分法進行求解，獲得了各期加熱溫度分佈及加熱時間，此模型可用於連鑄板坯直接熱裝加熱制度的確定。The approach is that we first calibrate the filter radiometer with cryogenic radiometer and measurement equipment of relative spectral responsivity and then calculate the absolute spectral responsivity. because the drift in blackbody temperature directly influnces measurement accuracy, so we adopt a feedback system to stabilize blackbody temperature through controlling the current of blackbody that improves measurement accuracy greatly
該方法首先要用低溫輻射計及相對光譜響應度測量裝置對濾光輻射計進行標定，經計算可得到濾光輻射計的絕對光譜響應度；由於黑體溫度的漂移直接影響到測量精度，我們採用反饋系統通過控制黑體的加熱電流，來穩定黑體溫度。Article 2 the term " energy " as used in this law refers to coal, crude oil, natural gas, power, coke, coal gas, heat, processed oil, liquefied petroleum gas, biomass energy and other resources from which useful energy can be derived directly or through processing or conversion
第二條本法所稱能源，是指煤炭、原油、天然氣、電力、焦炭、煤氣、熱力、成品油、液化石油氣、生物質能和其他直接或者通過加工、轉換而取得有用能的各種資源。Combine oil and water together to make lotion and creams. no need to be heated, directly add to oil and water. origin : france. suggested usage : 1 % ( lotion ) - 2 % ( cream )
能結合水和油，做乳液和面霜專用。毋須加熱，直接將油、水加入攪拌即可。產地：法國。建議用量: 1 % （乳液） - 2 % （乳霜） 。This paper discussed the total process of fabrication for big diameter vertical heat exchanger, including mostly tubesheet machining, technics request of tubesheet piecing - up, and weld request of tubesheet - to - shell ; measure of machining for square manhole and measure of square manhole - to - shell weld for preventing distortion ; taking special machining technics arid check up method for request of plane degree and check up method upon tubesheet
摘要介紹了大直徑立式換熱器的製造過程，主要包括管板拼接、加工的工藝要求以及管板與筒體焊接要求；同時對方形人孔的製作及其與筒體的焊接防變形等採取了一定的措施，對管板上端面平面度的要求採取了特殊的加工工藝及檢驗方法。In this paper, the solar and land - atmosphere radiation rates are calculated by modtran3 model and satellite observation as well as surface data, solar direct irradiance infrared irradiance solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate were calculated from 43 samples of sunshine day and 5 samples of cloudy day 3 samples of rainy day of different latitudes in 12 stations. the paper analyzed solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate in sunshine day, the factors such as zenith angle, water vapor and latitude were found out correlating with solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate. solar heating rate and infrared cooling rate change on the same day and at the same station
在對晴空大氣的計算中，本文對太陽的直接輻射與地氣系統的紅外輻射狀況進行了分析，並討論在不同的大氣狀況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的情況，找出與太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率變化相關較大的因子?太陽天頂角和水汽條件、緯度；本文還進一步分析了不同緯度樣本的太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率日變化及有雲、有雨情況下太陽加熱率和紅外冷卻率的變化情況：另外，文中通過改變二氧化碳在大氣中含量的方法，討論了它對太陽加熱率與紅外冷卻率的影響。It is after the guide for the corporate criminal trial imposing severe punishment for harmful conduct by corporations was enacted by us government in early 1990s, that the corporate crime and the criminal liability emerged as an economic issue for the first time. inevitably, it stirred up discussion among jurisprudents and economists. topics concerned mainly focus on : 1 ) given that the immediate offender is not the full beneficiary of the crime, why would the criminal choose to commit that crime in the content of corporate contract series, what factors induce this corporation, but not others, to commit that crime
公司犯罪和刑事責任被作為一個經濟學問題提出來，是1990s年代初期美國頒布《公司刑事審判指引》以後的事情，這個指引為公司實施的加害行為規定了極其嚴厲的刑罰，從而引起了美國法學界和經濟學界的熱烈討論，討論的問題集中在： 1 ）給定實施犯罪的直接行為人不能全部享受犯罪收益，行為人為什麼要選擇在公司契約連接中實施犯罪Industrial electroheating equipment - test methods for direct arc furnaces
工業電加熱設備.直接電弧爐的試驗方法Industrial electroheating equipment - test methods for direct arc furnaces iec 60676 : 2002 ; german version en 60676 : 2002
工業電加熱設備.直接電弧爐試驗方法分享友人