確定性等價值 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [quèdìngxìngděngjiàzhí]
確定性等價值 英文
certainty equivalent
  • 確 : 形容詞1. （符合事實; 真實） true; reliable; authentic 2. （堅固; 堅定） firm
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  1. Firstly, by numerical and theoretical analysis, the author compares some existent confidence intervals, for example, " exact " confidence interval, wald confidence interval and bayesian confidence interval, and finds some deficiencies points of the confidence intervals, whose modification version has been proposed. also, several better confidence intervals such as are also presented. secondly, for given confidence coefficient and interval width, the author constructs a class of asymptotical two - stage interval estimate procedures. at the same time, under varies restriction of confidence coefflcientent interval width, the optional sample size of the first stage has been computed by numerical computation. the numerical computation shows that the method considered in this dissertation have good properties and applied value

    同時，由於poisson分佈的特性，我們知道不存在其參數區間長度小於0 . 5的置信區間，基於這些情況，我們主要展開了以下兩個方面的研究：一是利用數值計算分析與理論分析的方法對現有的若干置信區間如「精確」置信區間， wald置信區間， bayes置信區間等進行分析比較，發現了一些缺陷，針對這些缺陷，我們進行適當的修正，並得到幾種性質較好的置信區間如：修正大樣本區間jeffreys原則下置信區間二是針對已給定的置信系數與區間長度，我們提出了一種漸近的兩階段區間估計程序，並利用數值計算的方法，在各種置信系數與區間長度限定下，算出了最優的第一階段觀測次數（抽樣量） ，大量數據表明，本文考慮的方法性態良好，具有應用價值。
  2. It includes the significant beauty of the book design and press sign, the gorgeous and complicated beauty of the publications ' s content, the profound beauty of the publishing faith and tenets, and the dynamic and harmonious beauty of the publishing ecology. thirdly, it makes a holistic analysis of the beauty of publishing brand ' s individuality and the types of chinese publishing brand ' s individuality. lastly, it discusses on the shaping of the publishing brand ' s aesthetic characteristics

    首先立足於國內外出版品牌的現狀，闡述了出版品牌的美學品格研究的必要性；接下來論述了出版品牌的內涵美，包括意味雋永的形式美、絢爛紛繁的內容美、底蘊深厚的理念美、動態平衡的生態美；進而從整體的角度探討出版品牌個性美的內涵和我國出版品牌個性美的類型；最後討論出版品牌美學品格的塑造，包括：確定獨特的出版定位，涵養豐厚的文化積淀，形成自己的出版風格，建構出版審美價值觀等內容。
  3. Precision pricing credit derivatives is its one of preconditions of exertion of efficiency of financial. pricing credit derivatives must at first choose the measure model of credit loss, default model of credit event, the model of rate of recovery payments and the uncertainty of mean of default rate. second, it is critic to choose one of structural model, intensity model and hybrid model for pricing credit derivatives

    合理定價信用衍生品是其發揮金融效率的前提之一，定價信用衍生品必須首先考慮信用損失的計量範式、信用事件的違約範式、殘值率的模型化方式和違約率均值的不確定性等方面；其次，還要確定具體的定價模型方式：結構化模型、強度模型或"雜合方式" 。
  4. Whereas intangible property, stock - rights value is uncertain, there is need to regulate rules in the share evaluation, the ownership of stock - rights transfer and the relation with the shares issuer etc. in order to facilitate operation

    鑒于股權作為無形財產，其價值的不確定性較大，為操作之必要，應在股份評估、股權移轉、與股票發行公司之關系等方面做出法律規制。
  5. The investment of commercial real estate development has real option characteristics, because the real option method can properly deal with uncertainty, irreversibility and flexibility. in this part, the author construct a framework for analyzing the real options of commercial real estate investment decision, and analyzes the real options of commercial real estate investment decision from confirming the problem solved, analyzing the uncertain source, distinguishing the key uncertain factor, discerning the type of real options, constructing the real options option model, calculating the value of the commercial real estate, checking the result of calculation and redesigning, finds that the commercial real estate development has postpone option, expansion option, shrink option, change option, give up option. it proves that the commercial real estate has management flexibility in the development item, and the flexibility give

    由於實物期權方法可以很好地解決不確定性、不可逆性和靈活性，因而商業地產投資決策具有實物期權特性，同時從確定要解決的問題、分析不確定性的來源、鑒別關鍵的不確定性因素、識別實物期權類型、構建期權定價模型、計算項目價值、檢查計算結果和重新設計八個方面，構建了商業地產投資決策的實物期權分析框架，得出商業地產開發項目中通常存在推遲期權、擴張期權、收縮期權、轉換期權、放棄期權等期權類型，說明商業地產開發項目中具有管理和經營柔性，而這種柔性賦予了商業地產開發項目實物期權的特性。
  6. In the third part, this dissertation analyses the difference between traditional accounting and uncertainty accounting in the recognition and puts the ideas and standards of uncertainty into action. in the third part, it discusses enterprise pricing theory and market pricing theory. on the basis of them, it establishes some pricing models, such as rapport model, option model and eva model, etc to evaluate the value of asset, liability, equity, derivative instruments and contingent transaction

    討論了企業定價理論和市場定價理論對會計計量的影響，闡釋了影響會計計量不確定性的因素，然後對資產、或有事項、創業企業股票發行、股票期權、衍生金融工具等計量的不確定性進行了研究，在此基礎上，建立了期權、經濟附加值等多種計量模型。
  7. This paper makes use of the relevant theories of microeconomics, game theory and dynamic program to examine the dynamic pricing problem of a foreign firm that faces such an ad and administrative reviews policy on the condition that the foreign firm and the domestic firm are being at complete information and simultaneous determination, meanwhile analyzes factors affecting the foreign firm ' s product price in the export market ; and solve the theory problem of the dynamic pricing of export goods for our export firms, meanwhile conclude that our export firms and government should make it necessary to establish various guilds to unify and coordinate export price, export quantity and export areas

    摘要運用微觀經濟學、博弈論及動態規劃等有關理論，探討了在國內外企業處于完全信息（即確定性）且同時決策的假設條件下，面對國內政府的反傾銷及行政復議，國外企業為實現其在國內市場上所獲取的利潤貼現值的總和達到最大化的動態定價問題，同時對影響出口產品的定價因素進行了簡要的分析；解決了我國出口企業出口產品的動態優化定價的理論問題，得出了我國出口企業、政府應從長遠的利益出發，建立各行業協會，避免各自為政、低價傾銷的被動局面，統一和協調各行業的出口價格、出口數量及出口地區等重要結論。
  8. It also studies the problem of real option pricing when the underlying assets follow the pure jump poisson, mixed jump - diffusion merton and mean - reversion model, and obtains the price formula or partial differential equation to price and hedge the real option. when the value of real option can not separate from the value of project, or the uncertainties are endogenous to real option holder, it is difficult to pricing the real option by the ways of no - arbitrage. in this paper we present a approach named valuation with comparison, its basic point is to value the project or program with flexibility by means of decision tree analysis ( dta ) and stochastic dynamic programming ( sdp ), and the results are compared with that of non - flexibility, finally,

    當實物期權的價值不能從項目價值中分離出來，或者影響基本資產價格的不確定性內生於期權的持有者時，此時實物期權的價值一般難以直接利用無套利方法得到，本文通過對現有文獻進行歸納，提出一種比較定價法，其基本要點是利用決策樹、動態規劃法或二叉樹模型等技術來確定嵌有柔性的項目或方案的價值，然後將其與沒有柔性的項目或方案進行比較，從而獲得各種柔性的價值，作為這種方法的一個應用，本文研究了柔性勞動合約的設計與定價問題，研究表明，對企業重要員工採用長期勞動合約，而對一般員工採用短期合約可以節約勞動力使用成本。
  9. This dissertation will review instruction in a view of new mode of thinking represented by postmodernism. postmodernism, with equality and tolerance as its spiritual core, emphasizing non - center, difference, uncertainty and inconsistence, proposing multiplicity of significance and value, caring for the marginal and the vulnerable, will profoundly influence instruction and facilitate a series of changes in instruction ideas, practices and researches. as far as instruction ideas are concerned, they will undergo the following changes in the perspective of postmodernism

    為緩此窘境，本文藉助代表了一種新的思維方式的后現代思想審視之，進而認為以「平等」和「寬容」為精神內核的后現代思想對非中心性、差異性、不確定性、非連續性的強調，對意義和價值多元的倡導，對邊緣狀態和弱勢群體的關注等都將給教學以深遠影響，並將促使教學理念、教學實踐和教學研究各個層面發生一系列變化。
  10. In response to the rapid development of computer technology and extensive requirements of applications such as scientific research, finance investment, market management and prediction, etc. knowledge discovery in database and data mining is becoming a highlighted research topic on account of its important theoretical and practical value

    為適應諸如科學研究、金融投資、市場營銷及預測等這些具有不確定性領域的需要，知識發現和數據挖掘已成為當前一個具有重要理論和實用價值的研究課題，並得到國際學術界尤其是人工智慧工作者的廣泛關注。
  11. It poses the understanding of goodwill evaluation ' s development in our country and the suggestion for enterprises, which practice on goodwill evaluation. the thesis characteristic is systematic and practical, i try to bring in some new ideas in this thesis, and wish these contents might help enterprises to improve their standard of goodwill evaluation

    本文以系統性、可操作性為特徵，力求在以下內容有所創新，如對商譽性質的解析、商譽價值構成因素的論述、割差法原理分析、提出評估商譽價值新方法? ?分割累加法、企業商譽價值與時間關系、不確定性分析引進等方面。
  12. Deducing the pricing formula of executive stock option ( eso ) which is different from black - scholes model in a new method called " certainty equivalence "

    因此我們用「確定性等值」方法推導出不同於black - scholes模型的股票期權價值的定價公式。
  13. Chapter ii introduces executive stock option system, and analyzes its causes and effects ; chapter iii explain executive stock option system from the perspective of economics and explore the theoretical basis which executive stock option system existence in ; chapter iv discusses how to design executive stock option system, including the inherent elements of the design and construction of the external environment ; chapter v applies the average price stock option and “ certainty equivalent value ” in executive stock option system. chapter vi discusses executive stock option system in our country ’ s enterprise applications, analyzes the necessity our country ’ s enterprise to use executive stock option system and the problem exists in implementation, proposes from the second board to impel executive stock option system construction

    本論文第二章是經理股票期權制度的概述，介紹經理股票期權的發展狀況，並分析其成因和效應;第三章從經濟學的角度來解釋經理股票期權制度，從理論的高度來探討經理股票期權制度存在的理論基礎;第四章對經理股票期權的制度設計提出建議，包括內在構成要素的設計和外部環境的建設;第五章主要將平均價格期權和「確定性等值法」應用於經理股票期權;第六章是經理股票期權制度在我國企業中的應用，分析我國企業採用股權激勵機制的必要性和實施中存在的問題，提出了從創業板企業入手，推動我國經理股票期權制度建設的思路。
  14. In the second part, we try to apply orthogonal polynomial approximations to the dynamical response problem of the duffing equation with random parameters under harmonic excitations. we first reduce the random duffing system into its non - linear deterministic equivalent one. then, using numerical method, we study the elementary non - linear phenomena in the system, such as saddle - node bifurcation, symmetry break bifurcation, phenomena in the system, such as saddle - node bifurcation, symmetry break bifurcation, period - doubling bifurcation and chaos

    本文第二部分嘗試將正交多項式逼近方法應用於隨機duffing系統，提出與之等價的確定性非線性系統的新概念，並用數值方法對該系統在諧和激勵下的鞍結分叉、對稱破裂分叉、倍周期分叉、和混沌等各種基本非線性響應進行了初步探討。
  15. In the course of investment games played in higher education, the expected income is only a necessity for deciding whether the game players invest or not. the influential factors for the genesis of dominant results of non - paleto in the investment games process, are, to a large extent, the choosing and building investment motivation based on various psychological expectancy. apart from social security, income allocation, liquidity limitation and regional difference. it ' s a important factor from uncertainty psychological expectancy include peoples " psychological expectancy for future uncertainty resulting from current changes of chinese system and continuous high - income expectancy derived from the nature of higher education ' s store of value

    在高等教育投資博弈過程中，即期收入只是決定博弈各方投資與否的必要條件之一，影響高等教育投資博弈非帕累托最優結果產生的因素，很大程度上在於市場選擇和建立在種種心理預期基礎之上的投資動機；而影響心理預期的因素除了社會保障、收入分配、流動性約束、地區差異等以外，中國目前制度變遷造成的人們對未來不確定性的心理感受預期和高等教育「價值儲蓄（ storeofvalue ） 」本性帶來的持久高收入預期也是重要方面。
  16. As a complex nonlinear dynamics behavior, chaos is a general phenomenon in nature and is one of the most important discoveries in the 20th century later. chaos, which is generated by non - linear dynamical system, possesses many unusual characteristics and these characteristics enable chaos to have a great charming prospect and practical value in secure communication field. recently, chaotic communication has become a new and promising subject, so this dissertation selects it as research direction, and analyses emphatically the applications of chaos in cdma communication system. the main works are as follows : ( 1 ) chaotic phenomena and its related problems are summarized, and these problems, such as the relation of spread - spectrum code in cdma communication system and chaotic sequences, and the relation of chaotic synchronization and system secret performance, are discussed

    混沌是一種特殊復雜的非線性動力學行為，也是自然界普遍存在的現象，被認為是二十世紀末期最重要的科學發現之一。有確定性非線性動力學系統產生的混沌具有許多奇異的特性，顯示了混沌在保密通信等領域有著誘人的應用前景和重大的實用價值，目前，混沌理論在通信中的應用是一個全新的前沿課題。本文以此作為研究方向，著重分析了混沌在碼分多址通信系統中的應用。
  17. This essay explores how to figure out the period of calculating interest as well as times of it in the analysis of the feasibility of real estate projects and other problems, such as effect of tax variation, calculation of internal return rate and analysis of uncertainty

    摘要本文理論聯系實際地探討了房地產開發項目可行性研究中計息周期與計息次數的確定、稅收變動的影響、內部收益率的試算和不確定性分析等疑難問題，對進行房地產開發項目可行性研究具有一定的實用價值和指導作用。
  18. The present financial report stresses great emphasis on the disclosing of the information of the tangible things, such as the storage of the goods, machine and other equipment ; while it fails to give full presentation of the financial information of the intangible things, such as knowledge, human resource and self - imposed honor in their selling practice. the present financial report fails to reflect the hazard and the uncertainty of the selling practice ; and it fails to fully reflect the performance of social responsibility shouldered by the enterprises ; it fails to give a complete solution of the problems of confirmation, evaluation and report of the derived commercial tools ; ft lacks the disclosing of the grouped information. the present financial report is set according to the general st andard, which can not successfully cater to the users of the financial information in their demand for diversity and specialty of the information

    現行財務報告偏重於揭示存貨、機器設備等有形資產的財務信息，而對知識資本、人力資源、自創商譽等無形資產的財務信息揭示不足；現行財務報告缺乏對經營業務風險性和不確定性的反映；不能全面反映企業所承擔的社會責任履行情況；不能完全解決衍生金融工具的確認、計量及報告問題；缺少對分部信息的披露；現行財務報告是標準化的通用報告，這難以滿足財務信息使用者對信息需求的多樣性和特殊性要求；現行財務報告計量基礎單一，不能完整地反映經濟現實；市場價值計量基礎的運用面狹窄；現行財務報告重法律形式，輕經濟實質；時效性不強等等。
  19. The writer sticks to the negative concept, thinking that the ethical obligation can not become the active obligation in our country " s theory of criminal law, the ground are : the morality obligation does not have statue nature the criterions of morality obligations have the uncertainty the action violating morality obligations should not undertake criminal responsibility the value of criminal law backs the negative concept

    刑法理論界對此有肯定、否定和折中三種觀點。筆者持否定觀點，認為道德義務不能成為我國刑法理論中不作為犯罪作為義務的來源，理由是:道德義務不具有法律性質、道德義務的標準具有不確定性、違反道德義務不應該承擔刑事責任、刑法的價值取向支持了否定說等。
  20. It is very important to take < wp = 8 > quantitative model estimation and qualitative factors analysis into account owing to the characters of growth high - tech enterprises, say, dynamics, non - stability, and virtual economy

    成長型高新企業價值評估具有動態性、不確定性、虛擬經濟等特點，因而要注重定量模型估算與定性因素分析相結合。
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