種族分佈學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhǒngzúfēnbùxué]
種族分佈學 英文
ethnogeography
  • 種 : 種名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 族 : 名詞1 （家族） clan 2 （古代的一種酷刑） a death penalty in ancient china imposed on an offender ...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 種族 : race
  1. The aim of this work is to have a better understanding of the structure, differentiation and phylogenetic relationship of the tribe hyoscyameae in the solanaceae using evidence from leaf epidermis, seed morphology, palynology, embryology, floral organogenesis, trnl - f and its sequences, and plant geography. the results are summarized as follows : 1. leaf epidermis leaf epidermis of 21 species in seven genera of the tribe hyoscyameae and four species in four related genera was investigated under both light microscope ( lm ) and scanning electron microscope ( sem )

    解剖學在光學顯微鏡和掃描電鏡下，觀察了茄科天仙子族（ hyoscyameae ） 7屬21種及鄰近4屬4種共25種植物的葉表皮特徵，結果表明：氣孔器在各種植物的上、下的表皮均有分佈，多為無規則型，也有不等細胞型；葉表皮細胞形狀有不規則形、十字形、近長圓形和不規則多邊形，垂周壁較平直或各種波狀。
  2. The biological functions testified include : enhance iron ion assimilation of epithelial cell of intestine and equilibrate body iron concentration ; broad spectrum of antiviral activity, antibacterial activity and antifungal activity ; modulate marrow cell production and growth ; help to mature and regulate a number of immune cells throughout the body, thus boost body immune ability ; prevents " free iron " from forming free - radicals ; supress tumour growth and prevent tumour formation in animal models

    乳鐵蛋白是一種糖蛋白，為轉鐵蛋白家族的一員，在人和哺乳動物的許多器官與組織中廣泛分佈。乳鐵蛋白具有多種生物學功能，這些功能包括：促進人體腸道對鐵的吸收及調節體內鐵的平衡；廣譜抗菌（細菌和真菌） 、抗病毒感染作用等。
  3. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  4. Twenty - six species in the genus begonia were recorded for different purposes as medicine, food, beverage and pig feed in china ( ornamental uses excluded ). among these twenty - six species recorded for different uses, twenty - four species are used as medicine, eight species are used as food ( vegetable ) or beverage, and five species are used as pig feed. three species are commonly used for making beverage in the areas of their natural distribution. nine species have multiple uses, either for medicine, for food, beverage or pig feed. our study also indicated that some species are becoming rare and endangered owning to over collection and other factors

    秋海棠屬植物除了具有較高的觀賞價值外，在中國還作為藥用、食用、飲料和飼料等被利用.本文應用民族植物學研究方法，通過野外調查、文獻和標本收集整理和研究，共記載了中國產26種秋海棠屬植物被作為藥用、食用、飲料和飼料加以利用.在所記載的26種國產秋海棠屬植物中，有24種作藥用， 8種作食用（蔬菜）或飲料， 5種作飼料. 3種作飲料的種類在其自然分佈地被廣泛利用. 9種秋海棠作為多種用途加以利用，其中8種既被作為藥用、食用和飲料，也被作為飼料加以利用.本研究還表明，國產秋海棠屬植物中，有些種類由於過度採集利用或其它因素已變得稀有或瀕危.由此提出，合理開發利用和有效保護應成為今後中國秋海棠屬植物研究的重要內容
  5. The distribution of all the genera and species ( including new taxa and new data by present research ) of the world are summarized, according to the history of continental drift and the result shows that empoascini originated in the oriental region in pangaea 145maago. zoogeographical analysis of all the taxa in china shows that most of the genera and species of empoascini are distributed in the oriental region, which is identical with the geographical distribution worldwide, i. e. most taxa distribute in the tropical and subtropical zone. phylogenetic analysis of 40 chinese genera of empoascini with one outgroupikranewa is presented in this paper

    在生物地理及區系方面，總結了世界已報道及本研究新發現單元共計88屬1183種在世界各大動物地理區的分佈情況，結合大陸漂移學說的有關知識，認為小綠葉蟬族應起源於東洋區，起源時間在聯合古陸時期（約145ma以前） ；分析了中國已報道及本文新發現該族共40屬263種在中國動物地理區劃的歸屬，結果表明，中國小綠葉蟬族的種類分佈以東洋區占優勢，明顯多於古北區，這與世界該族昆蟲大多分佈於熱帶、亞熱帶的結果相一致。
  6. Although the anthropological foundations for aesthetic experimental writing are diverse, they can be summed up as : ( 1 ) anthropology has dual goals, first describing the diverse social and cultural systems found among human species, and then attempting to discover regularities in this bewildering diversity ; ( 2 ) contemporary anthropological aesthetics provides the foundation for new aesthetics ; it is in itself a kind of experimental writing under the control of the cultural situations

    摘要美學實驗性寫作的人類學依據是各異的，但可以簡要地概括為： （ 1 ）人類學有一個雙重目標，首先是要描述那些分佈於各個人類種族中間的不同社會文化系統，然後又試圖去探索令人困惑的多樣性下所隱藏著的社會文化模式的規律性； （ 2 ）當代人類學美學為新美學提供了基礎，它本身就是一種受文化情境制約的實驗性寫作。
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