端部加強層 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [duānbùjiāqiángcéng]
端部加強層
英文
end reinforcement-
And it can be divided into four phases of urban tourism of china, in which there are different characteristics. ( 2 ) the evolutive rules of urban tourism of china are as follows : 1 ) the exoteric extent of tourism notion is more and more swell ; 2 ) the form of urban tourism renovate with the development of cities ; 3 ) the layout of urban tourism inner and outer is from close and complanate to exoteric and tridimensional ; 4 ) the sustaining system of urban tourism is from absent to as clear as a bell, and will reach a rational and advanced extent. 5 ) the social delamination of urban tourism is form stern to syncretic ; 6 ) the evolvement tendency of urban tourism should be generalized as a curve of accumbent " s ", which present a course makes up of low - grade development, high - speed development and balanced development
主要觀點歸納如下： （ 1 ）城市旅遊是基於城市的發展而發展的，中國城市旅遊可分為古代、近代、現代和后現代四個階段，分別對應於前工業文明時期的城市旅遊、工業文明萌芽時期的城市旅遊、全面建設工業文明和后工業文明因素初露端倪時期的城市旅遊，以及邁向信息時代的城市旅遊，其間體現出不同的城市旅遊發展特徵； （ 2 ）經歷不同發展的時期，中國城市旅遊表現出如下的演進規律： 1 ）城市旅遊觀念開放程度逐漸增強，對城市旅遊的容納度日趨加大，對城市旅遊地位的認識從忽視到關注再成為生活的必要因素； 2 ）旅遊形式從單一走向多元，新的旅遊形式隨城市發展層出不窮； 3 ）城市旅遊的內外部空間聯系從封閉平面走向開放立體，達到網路化、連綿化、分區化、立體化布局； 4 ）城市旅遊支持系統從缺失走向健全，達到理性高端； 5 ）城市旅遊社會分層從森嚴走向融合，經歷了「小眾旅遊」 、 「大眾旅遊」 ，最終發展到「全民旅遊」 ； 6 ）城市旅遊產業演變態勢可以概括為一條橫臥的「 s 」曲線，表現為低開?高走?平穩發展。Adopting a method of on - the - spot study and investigation, the allthor of this dissertation has systematically analyaed the present situation of the financial administration of wolong tounship, wolong district of nangang city and provided a thorough and profound analysis to the financial administrative system of that particular township. in doing so, the article reveals that the management of financial affairs is the material base on which political power at reass - roots level and other social organizations depend for survival and exercise of their function. it then points out the existing problems and drawbacks in the present township system, and proposes some formulas and solutions after seeing through the appearance to get at the essence. in the lastpret of the article, moving from typical to general and looking form the perspective of the relationships between the tounship financial administration and the local administrative organizational reform, the author prebes into the tendency of the village and township administrative system reform - the separation of government and egterprises, enforcing supervisition of financial affairs and management of budgetary and extrabudgetary capital, appointing accounts, constructing the model of " small government and big society ", and building up political power at grass - roots level to tace the 21st century
本文採用了實地調查研究的方法，系統分析了南陽市臥龍區臥龍崗鄉現行的財務行政狀況，對該鄉財務行政體制進行了深入透徹的剖析，揭示了財政財務管理是基層政權及其它社會機構賴以存在和發揮職能的物質基礎這一命題，指出了現行鄉級體制中存在的問題和弊端，並透過現象看本質，提出了解決問題的方案和辦法；在最後部分由典型推向一般，從鄉級財務行政與地方行政機構改革關系的角度探討了鄉鎮行政體制改革的趨勢? ?政企分開，加強財政財務監督，強化預算內外資金管理，實行會計委派，構築小政府大社會的模式，建立起面向二十一世紀的基層政權。Part five is the analysis on the problem from the lay of the pressurized system and finance. due to fault of the pressurized system and the imperfect of the reformation of the division tax system, the township government has to reinforce its control to the village committee to finish its finance task assigned by the upper governments. the last part is the conclusion of the whole assay
第三個方面，從壓力型體制和壓力型財政的層面來分析鄉村關系存在問題的原因，指出由於壓力型體制的弊端和分稅制改革的不完善，迫使鄉鎮政府為了完成上級政府或部門的硬性任務及解決自身的財政壓力而置村民自治于不顧，加強對村委會的行政控制。
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