等價方程組 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngjiàfāngchéngzǔ]
等價方程組 英文
equivalent system of equations
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 程 : 名詞1 （規章; 法式） rule; regulation 2 （進度; 程序） order; procedure 3 （路途; 一段路） journe...
  • 組 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由不多的人員組成的單位） group 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（組織） organize; form Ⅲ量詞（...
  • 等價 : of equal value; equal in value; equivalence
  1. First, we reformulate the kkt systems of the constrained optimization problem and the symmetric variational inequality prpoblem into equivalent nonsrnooth equations by using the so called ncp functions

    本文研究求解約束最優化問題和對稱變分不等式kkt系統的bfgs演算法。首先利用ncp函數將問題的kkt系統轉化為等價的非光滑方程組。
  2. Secondly, a mathematical model suitable to large coastal region is developed, whose governing equations are deduced from the mild slope equation with dissipation terms and discretized with crank - nicolson scheme. this model is accurate and easy to be applied

    其次，將包含底摩阻耗散項的緩坡方程化為等價的控制方程組，採用crank - nicolson格式離散方程組，建立了適宜於大范圍水域內波浪傳播的數學模型。
  3. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  4. The manufacturability includes many aspects, such as geometry structure of parts, the rationality of the tolerance specification, fixturability and the assemblability etc. in the research, the main research topics are focused on the following aspects : the study on the incremental evaluation approach during the detailed design process, the study on the entireness evaluation after the design has completed and the study on the fixturability evaluation of the machined parts for modular fixture

    本文的研究內容主要涉及以下幾個方面：詳細設計過程中的可製造性逐步評價方法、基於簡化加工工藝規劃的整體可製造性評價方法、面向組合夾具的零件可裝夾性評價方法等。在本研究中，零件的設計方案以b _ rep實體模型表示，零件的公差和表面質量以實體模型中各個相關面的屬性表示。
  5. We reduce the cauchy problem of equations ( 8 ), ( 9 ) to an equivalent integral equations by the fundamental solution of a second order partial differential equation. then using the contraction mapping principle and the extension theorem of the solution we prove the existence and uniqueness of the global generalized solutions and the existence and uniqness of the global classical solution

    先是通過一個二階偏微分方程的基本解，把imbq型方程組歸） ， p ）的初值問題轉化為等價的積分方程組，然後利用壓縮映射原理、解的延拓定理等證明了歸） ，問的初值問題的整體廣義解和整體古典解的存在唯一性
  6. This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces

    本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。
  7. ( 3 ) a new system for humanity education in medical institutions of higher learning should be established, which is composed of five parts : a four - dimensional training model consisting of the in class, after class, campus cultural atmosphere and self - taught acquisition of humanity education ; a curriculum system made up of common humanity curricula, medical humanity curricula and hidden curricula ; a system of teaching methodology encompassing " self - realization ", " imagination ", " dialogue and discussion " and " experience and reflection " ; a supporting system comprised of the development of disciplines and the cultivation of teaching staff, improvement of educational facilities, and creation of campus cultural atmosphere ; and an instructional assessment system of teaching - learning process and effectiveness

    研究指出，高等醫學院校人文教育體系應該由以下五個方面組成：培養模式（第一課堂、第二課堂、第三課堂和自我教育） ；課程體系（共同性人文課程、醫學人文課程和隱性課程人教學方法體系（ 「隱喻」 、 「想象」 、 「對話」 、 「討論」 、 「體驗」 、 「實踐」和「反思」 ） ；教學支撐體系（師資隊伍和學科建設、教學條件建設和校園文化建設） ；教學評價體系（評價機制與評價指標體系建設） 。第六部分為結語，是對本研究的回顧與前瞻。
  8. On the basis of the safety system engineering theory. applying the dow fire & explosion index and the normal stability gauss mathematical diffusion model etc., combining with the practice of mouping port, the hazards during the handling and storage of liquid chemicals in bulk have been analyzed and the risks of fire explosion and leakage ( including water pollution and water pollution ) have been assessed. taking into account of insufficient consideration of the human factor in the dow fire & explosion index, the soft compensation coefficient has been raised

    本文以安全系統工程為理論基礎，運用道氏火災爆炸指數法、平均運動方程組以及常穩態高斯數學擴散模型，結合牟平港散化運輸、裝卸的實際，對牟平港散化儲運的火災爆炸危險性和毒物泄漏危險性（包括水污染性和大氣污染性）進行了定性和定量的分析評價。在評價程序上，針對道氏火災爆炸指數法中對人為因素和管理水平等考慮不足的問題，提出了軟補償系數的概念，找出了散化碼頭日常監督管理工作的重點。
  9. But they are, of course, equivalent in the sense that they arise from the same set of equations.

    但是從它們都是由同一個方程組產生的這一意義上來看，它們自然是等價的。
  10. In chapter 3, we give an equivalent form of semi - infinite programming, and a locally convergent ssle method is proposed for sip. we only need solve a linear system equations and a subproblem with a parameter per step, also a modified algorithm which saves cost of computations is given, at the end of the paper, we give a proof of the convergence for the algorithms

    第三章通過適當的變形，得到半無限規劃問題的一個等價形式，並給出一個局部收斂的序列線性方程組演算法，這個演算法在每一步，只需求解一個線性方程組和一個帶參數的非線性子問題，證明了演算法的收斂性，同時，給出了一個修正演算法，與前面演算法相比較，修正演算法節約一定的計算量，同樣具有較好的收斂性。
  11. By applying the method of reliability technique, according to the eletric equipments reliability evaluate rules, this paper systematically analyzes faults which possibility or usually appear in turbine, generator, speed - adjusting controller in water power station and their reasons and effect factors. meanwhile it also uses the method of fat to study the fmea and preventive fault measures of turbine of zz500 - lh - 1020 and find out the biggest risk from all parts risk in turbine of zz500 - lh - 1020. this paper analyses the technique of reliability management of main equipments

    本論文運用可靠性技術中的有關方法，依據《發電設備可靠性評價規程》對機組的可靠性狀態進行分類，系統地分析了水輪機、發電機、調速器等三大機械主設備中可能或經常出現的故障，產生這些故障的原因及其影響因素;同時，使用故障樹分析方法，研究了zz500 - lh - 1020軸流轉漿式水輪機轉輪的故障模式及其影響，同時也分析了預防處理這些故障的措施;通過危害度分析，找出了zz500 - lh - 1020軸流轉漿式轉輪中各個部件的危害性大小與危害性最大的部件。
  12. In order to get the optimal wavelength pairs for two - color satellite laser ranging, with the factors including atmosphere effect, the response of the receiver and the laser considered, beginning with the precision of atmosphere correction, based on the lidar equation, the wavelength figure of merit, which can determine whether the pair is selected properly, is obtained

    摘要為獲得雙波長衛星激光測距的最佳波長組合，考慮了大氣效應、接收光電器件的響應、激光器等因素，從大氣改正精度出發，利用激光雷達方程，得到了評價波長組合優劣的波長優數公式。
  13. As an important part of soft project of nsfc named " research on sustentation policy and performance of major project, nsfc ", this paper introduces relevant theories methods and research status of the world. based on retrospecting the 15 years " sustentation, from view of property and amount, by applying many methods of s & t evaluation, this thesis deeply analyses its sustentation policy and management mode, makes amount research on sustentation - output, summarizes the effect and puts forward some developing countermeasure

    本文作為國家自然科學基金委員會計劃局軟課題? ? 「國家自然科學基金重大項目資助政策及績效研究」的主要部分，系統地介紹了科技評價及科技管理的相關理論、方法以及國內外研究現狀，在對國家自然科學基金重大項目15年資助歷程回顧的基礎上，從定性和定量的角度，運用科學計量法、案例研究與回溯法等多種科技評價方法，深刻分析了科學基金重大項目的資助政策及管理模式，重點進行了重大項目的資助及產出的計量研究，總結了重大項目的作用及影響，提出了其組織管理的發展對策。
  14. Based on the analysis of the current situation of the state medium - small - enterprise and the difficulties met during the stock reorganization of the high technology medium - small - enterprise, the article tries to provide possible solutions on the issues of definition of property rights, management of state assets, stock evaluation of commercial and non - commercial capital, disposal of enterprise debt and the use of land, and the settlement of retired people respectively. applying the modern theory of financial management, the article also gives its suggestion on the comprehensive evaluation on the companies during their stock reorganization and on the optimal allocation of capitals. according to the western experiences of developing high technology industries by venture investment and the prospect of the roles played by the forthcoming growth enterprise market, the article concludes that the sate medium - small high technology enterprises raising money from growth enterprise market through stock reorganization may be a shortcut for their development. a case of an " institute of automatization ", whose scheme was planned by the author for practice, is discussed throughout the paper

    本文在對我國國有中小企業改革現狀的分析基礎上，針對我國國有中小高新技術企業的現狀及股份制改組過程中的難點，對產權界定、國有資產管理、經營性和非經營性資產的剝離、凈資產的折股、企業債務和土地使用權的處理、離退休人員的安置等等問題，分別提出了具體的解決辦法。運用現代財務管理理論，提出了股份制改組過程中的公司整體價值評價方法及最佳資本結構確定的方法。在分析國外利用風險投資機制發展高新技術產業的經驗及即將推出的二板市場相關內容基礎上，明確提出國有中小型高新技術企業通過股份制改組最終到二板市場上市融資是其快速發展的途徑。
  15. In the 3rd section we introduce how to use mathematical model to study financial problems, whose assets running on mixed jump - diffusion process, first we get the famous non - linear feynman - kac formula by fbsde, then let the solution of the bsde be a investor ' s utility function, and it ' s the so - called recurse utility function. second, we can prove that this utility function is a continue viscosity solution of the variation inequality which we get above, and we get the comparison theory. third we can use the result to financial market to study the optimal consumption and portfolio problem or evaluate the american option

    第三章介紹了利用金融資產價格運行基於復合跳躍? ?擴散過程的數理模型來研究金融經濟問題，通過結合運用正倒向隨機微分方程，推導得到著名的非線性feynman - - kac公式，並且將相應的倒向隨機微分方程的解記為投資者的值函數，這也就是通常所說的效用值函數；接著我們可以證明此效用值函數為某一偏微積分變差不等式的連續粘性解，並且得到了比較原則；這些結果可以應用到金融領域用於消費投資組合的選擇或是美式期權的估值。
  16. 4. based on the partition of equivalence classes, the resolving of linear equations and the calculation of the dual basis, three methodologies are proposed to determine the algebraic representations of coordinates of finite field elements with the elements themselves as the variable

    4 、基於等價類的劃分、線性方程組的求解和標準基之對偶基的計算，提出了域元素分量代數表達式的三種求法。
  17. Abstract : a numerical model for wave propagation in water of varying topography and current is proposed, and time - dependent wave mild - slope equation with a dissipation term and corresponding equivalent governing equations are presented. two different expressions of parabolic approximations for the case of the absence of current are also given and analyzed. examples of numerical simulation for wave transformation in large estuarine water areas are provided

    文摘:提出了水深與流場緩變水域波浪傳播數學模型水流中依賴時間變量並考慮能耗的波浪「緩坡方程」及其等價的控制方程組，分析比較了無水流情況此理論模型與其相應的兩種拋物型近似的差別，提供了長江口波浪變形數值模擬計算工程實例.實例表明，該模型能適應河口三角洲大范圍水域波浪傳播數值計算
  18. By making algebraically equivalent transformation for the standard centering equation xs = e, we obtain a new system of perturbed k - k - t equations and, for specific power transformation, recover the newton equations that are recently used by j. m. peng et al to show a lower polynomial complexity bound for large - update algorithm

    前述的兩種方法是針對擾動k一k一t系統進行的，而本文的另一種方法是採用ncp函數，直接將標準線性規劃k一k一t條件化為一個不含內點約束的等價方程組，以此改造標準攝動方程組。
  19. This paper pointed out and demonstrated the mistake and one - sidedness of huang jia - ying ' s and wang hua - yi ' s theories about gain solution between non - input nodes and other arbitrary nodes and put forward general methods of solving the problem by using linear equation system and mason ' s gain formula according to the equivalence relation of topography and linear equation system

    摘要指出了黃家英和王劃一兩位先生在討論非輸入結點與任意結點間增益時存在著的錯誤性、片面性；並利用拓撲圖與線性方程組的等價關系，得出運用線形方程組求解的一般性方法，同時對兩位先生出現的問題作了證明；最後又給出了用梅遜公式求解的一般性方法。
  20. But j. v. outrata, m. kocvara, et. al. pointed out in 1998 that the equivalent ssnp did n ' t satisfy the weaker mangasarian - fromotitz constraint qualification in any feasible points. so it will be very difficult to get the solution of lcp by means of existing methods for ssnp such as sequential quadratic programming ( sqp for short ) type algorithms, sequential systems of linear equations ( ssle for short ) type algorithms

    Kocvara等人在1998年指出了等價的ssnp在任何可行點處都不滿足比較弱的mangasarian - fromotitz約束規格，因此，通過用已有的求解ssnp的一些方法如序列二次規劃（簡記為sqp ）類演算法、序列線性方程組（簡記為ssle ）類演算法解等價的ssnp來獲得線性互補約束問題的解，會有相當的困難
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