統一利潤率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tǒngyīlìrùnlǜ]
統一利潤率
英文
uniform rate of profit-
This paper develops a deterministic inventory model for perishable items with a mixture of back orders and lost sales under inflation and time discounting, where the backlogged demand rate is dependent on the negative inventory level during the stock out period. the main differences from the existing related models are that the present model takes the maximum present value of profit in a repeatable order cycle as the objective function and proposes a more practical constraint of maximum customer - waiting time to ensure a proper customer service level. then the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to relevant systems are examined and a solution algorithm is shown to find the optimal replenishment policy. at last, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicatioh of the model
本文建立了一種考慮通貨膨脹與時間價值的變質性物品的庫存模型，在模型中允許短缺發生且拖后的需求速率與在缺貨期間已經發生的缺貨量有關.和已有相關模型的主要區別在於本模型把一個可重復的訂貨周期內的最大平均利潤的凈現值作為目標函數，且增加了在缺貨期間最長顧客等待時間的限制，以確保庫存系統擁有較高的服務水平.然後討論了模型最優解的存在性與唯一性，並提供了尋求模型整體最優解的演算法.最後用實例說明了此模型在實際中的應用The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory
第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。Being advanced organization model and management technology, modern logistics which can decrease material consumption and increase productivity is regarded as " the 3rd profit resources " and inter - trade, inter - department, inter - region and even international systems engineering
現代物流作為先進的組織方式和管理技術，被廣泛認為是在降低物資消耗、提高勞動乍產率以外的「第三利潤源泉」 ，是一項跨行業、跨部門、跨地區甚至跨國界的系統工程。The status shows that the profit of new car sales declined obviously in last year
據統計，在過去的一年中，新車銷售利潤率明顯下降。Application of the new system not only increased the efficiency of decision making, but also improved the correctness of decision making and increased the investment benefit. as shown in a incomplete statistic, 515. 900 million rmb was invested on new project including technical change project during 2002 - 2004, with an average profit if 96. 62 million rmb and a average payback period of 5. 33 year and a investment payback rate of 18. 76 %. key project and some representative project basically reach the expect purpose
據不完全統計，在2002年? 2004年期間，總公司用於新項目投資（包含技改項目）資金為51590萬元，年均總利潤為9662萬元，平均投資回收期為5 . 33年，投資回報率18 . 76 % ，在扣除安全、環保等不直接產生效益的投資項目后，重點項目及一些具有代表性的項目基本達到了總公司4年收回投資的預期收益目標。First, a new methodological framework is developed for investigating the optimal strategies of maintenance scheduling for generating units with risk well taken into account, based on the widely employed power pool mode and the uniform clearing price. two scenarios are examined in detail, i. e., for the two cases that the generation company studied is / is not a price taker in the electricity market operation. based on the electricity market clearing prices estimated, a new methodological framework is presented, mathematical models formulated and a solving method developed
以國內外廣為採用的聯營體模式、統一市場清算價結算的現貨電力市場為背景，在假設市場電價可以預測並能夠描述為某種概率分佈的前提下，採用方差或標準差來描述和度量風險；建立了相應的優化模型，為發電公司在制定發電機組的檢修計劃時適當兼顧利潤損失的期望值最小和風險最小這兩個目標提供了新的解決途徑。On the base of above - mentioned, two methods of evaluation customers are brought up. the first is the method of absolute evaluation, which is the customer profit contribution rate to evaluate the customer value. the second is the method of relative evaluation, which is to put up the evaluation index system of customer value
在上述的基礎上，本文提出了兩個層次的客戶評價方法，一是絕對評價方法即採用客戶利潤貢獻率評價客戶價值；二是相對評價方法即構建了客戶價值評價指標體系，其中各指標的權重應用了模糊統計賦權的數學方法進行計算。Come assets to create profits and assets of the business operations to create the cash acquisition of these two indicators improved, earnings per share and net assets yield rate has been upgraded and the secondary market price effects of mergers and acquisitions were not unified conclusion
得出單位資產創造的營業利潤和單位資產通過經營活動創造的現金這兩個指標通過並購得到改善，每股收益和凈資產收益率也有所提高，而被並購公司的二級市場股價效應並不統一的結論。However, each coastal city also has been granted the right to establish an economic and technical development zone ( etdz ) outside the city centre, which will offer a uniform tax rate of 15 % for all projects and waive the usual 10 % profit - remittance tax
然而，每個沿海城市都被授權在市中心以外建立經濟技術開發區，對所有的項目都實施統一的15 %的稅率，並免除通常的10 %的利潤匯款稅。Under such accounting checking method, more and more stern social contradictory, such as the question of population, resources, environment and the public causes are exposed. under this circumstance, we have to exam the social part of enterprises again. enterprises are required to burden corresponding social responsibilities during the course of running for high gains, acquiring cooperated development between enterprise and society and carry out the strategy of sustainable development
傳統的會計核算模式是將企業作為一個獨立和封閉的經濟實體，對其生產經營情況進行核算，這一核算方法主導下的生產經營模式已經誘導了日益嚴重的社會問題，在這一背景下，人們不得不重新審視企業的社會角色，要求企業在追求自身高利潤率的同時也要切實地承擔相應的社會責任，實現企業和社會的協調發展，實施可持續發展戰略。The index is the long - term average return of the investment in a trade, for the risk of system mainly comes from the environment of the trade
由於系統風險主要來源於行業因素，因此一個比較合理而現實的選擇是用行業的長期平均利潤率來近似的度量系統風險。分享友人