統一幣制 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tǒngyībìzhì]
統一幣制
英文
unification of the currency-
Abstract : after its birth, euro will challenge the heart status of euro - dollar, make the transation in emm more active, promote the union of internation financial markets in europe, stimulate the development of amm, mean while it will also aggravate the competition in emm. whether euro can operate successfully, as people have expected, is restricted by many factiors, such as the coherence and integration of monetary and financial policy, the good situation of economy in euro area, people " s confidence in euro and so on
文摘:歐元誕生后，會挑戰歐洲美元的核心地位，會活躍歐洲貨幣市場的交易，促進歐洲地區國際金融市場的聯合，刺激亞洲貨幣市場的發展，同時也會加劇歐洲貨幣市場的競爭.歐元是否真能如人們所預期的那樣成功，還要受許多因素的制約，如歐元區貨幣政策、財政政策的連續性、統一性，歐元區經濟狀況良好，人們對歐元的信心等因素But as a kind of mature management system, it has n ' t been applied successfully in most of chinese companies. the reasons of that include misunderstanding of science property of overall budget management 、 unfit budget management organization 、 lack of scientific management methods, and another important reason is that most of companies use the traditional building method of budget management system. the traditional building method based on the company ' s existing department functions, keeping the existing management process and work process fixedness, and expressing the department ' s work plan in quantity or currency form as their budget
然而全面預算管理作為一項比較成熟的管理體系，在我國大部分企業卻並沒有得到很好的實施，這其中固然有對全面預算管理科學性認識不足、預算編制工作的組織不到位、缺乏科學的預算管理手段和控制手段等原因外，另一個重要原因是大部分企業在構建全面預算管理體系時使用的是傳統的構建方法，即基於企業現有的部門職能劃分而進行的，在保持作業流程和管理流程不變的情況下，將部門工作計劃以貨幣或數量的方式表示出來，即成為公司預算。The essay raises that the focal point of chinese financial system reform should be to develop and perfect money market. on the base of analyzing both general functions of the market and special functions that the development of the market has influenced on chinese economy and finance, it objectively analyzes the current situation and outstanding problems of the market and advances major solutions to perfect the market, which is, with the premise of constructing credit bases of the market development and with the central task of raising the market efficiency, to perfect short - term bonds market ( including the repo market ) and commercial paper market, and to deepen policy functions of the market, for the sake of a stable and orderly market with substantial scale, united market organization, efficient clearing < wp = 5 > system, reasonable interest rate system, perfect medium organization and effective market supervision
本文認為，目前中國金融體制改革的重點應是發展和完善貨幣市場。本文在認真分析貨幣市場的一般功效以及貨幣市場的發展對中國經濟金融發展和改革的功效的基礎上，客觀分析了中國貨幣市場的發展現狀以及存在的突出問題，並提出完善中國貨幣市場的基本思路，那就是：以建設中國貨幣市場發展的信用基礎為前提，以提高中國貨幣市場的效率為主旨，完善同業拆借市場、債券市場和票據市場，深化貨幣市場的政策功能，其目標是把中國貨幣市場建成一個具備相當的規模、統一的市場組織、高效的清算系統、合理的利率體系、完善的中介組織以及有效的市場監管的穩定有序的貨幣市場。This programme follows europe ' s search for monetary stability : the ems, the role of the french - german cooperation and the german integration, which leaves its marks throughout the whole of europe
探討歐洲金融體制的穩定性，包括：歐洲貨幣體系，法、德兩國合作所擔當的角色與德國統一對整個歐洲帶來的影響。原版英文發音。Due to technology limitation and unstable environment, the design of the first series rmb does not show much unity. the image includes industry, agriculture, transportation, and historical sites. they were complicated and without main theme
由於當時各解放區的環境和全國解放初期條件的限制，第一套人民幣的設計思想還不夠統一，圖案既有反映工農業生產的勞動場面，也有反映交通運輸的情景，還有的反映北京等地名勝古跡的內容繁雜，主題思想不突出不明確。Based on the analysis of commercial banks " current concept about fund management, this paper brings forward that fund management is the main - string in its operation, and that the concept of fund management, including security and profitability, is extended from current " forrying fund " to the management of the fund cost and fund risk the paper comprehensively discusses the principle of fund management, the management of fund costs, the tactics of management about fund liquidity, the measures of management about fund risks and how to solve the problems on interest risk in the period of frequent interest fluctuation. the paper puts forward ideas on how to improve the fund management. the security, liquidity and profitability of the fund, which are both contradictory and integrated with one another, are internal factors of fund management. fund liquidity is traditional core question. commercial banks face with a number of risks of witch credit risk is the greatest one because our country has adjusted interest rates 8 times since 1996, which covered a period of frequent interest fluctuation
商業銀行面對許多風險，但最大風險是信用風險。由於我國自1996年以來已連續調整了8次利率，近幾年是利率波動頻繁時期，研究利率的敏感性問題顯得特別重要。要改善資金管理，提高商業銀行的經營水平，就要建立資金管理是商業銀行經營主線的理念，對資金要統一規劃和管理；要改革銀行的體制，建立現代企業制度和法人治理結構，在體制上為資金管理提供有利的運行平臺；增加改善資金流動性管理所需的貨幣政策工具，擴大資金調控手段；打破貨幣市場的僵化局面，為資金管理創造有利的宏觀環境；續續優化負債結構和負債載體設計；增強資金信用風險規避和化解的措施；通過銀行資源整合，努力尋找資金的安全投放渠道，最終完成經營模式由傳統型向現代型的轉變。Visa fees are set centrally by the british government in pounds sterling, and are converted into local currencies by british posts overseas
簽證費是由英國政府按英鎊統一制定和結算的，在海外由當地使領館按相應的英鎊匯率轉換為當地貨幣。This paper from the view of financial capital globalization, studies on the effects of financial capital flow, the relationship between capital flow and financial crisis, the choice of regulation or deregulation and the problem of china ' s financial safety. firstly, this paper discusses the conceptions of economic globalization, financial globalization and financial capital globalization and based on the existing capital flowing theories and financial theories, sets up an academic framework for further study. secondly, this paper applies a representative new currency crisis model - - - - - - c - p - r model to analyze the effects of capital controls
本文首先對金融資本全球化與經濟全球化、金融全球化進行界定，在充分吸收現有的資本流動相關理論和金融危機理論的基礎上，建立起統一的理論分析框架；然後運用一個有代表性的第三代貨幣危機模型? ? c ? p ? r模型分析了資本控制的有效性；繼而，建立了一個小型開放經濟的三階段模型進行了資本控制有效性的數理分析，並在此模型中，運用博弈論進一步探討了間接資本控制的有效性及有效稅率；進而，比較討論了發展中國家可供選擇的資本控制措施，認為資本控制應主要採用間接措施；最後，從資本流動角度對中國金融安全現狀進行分析，並有針對性地提出政策建議，尤其是資本帳戶的開放一定要恪守循序漸進的原則。Let me draw your attention to an interesting and highly significant parallel between your system of a unified currency across eleven countries and hong kong s currency board system fixed to the us dollar. we both depend to a very much greater degree than would otherwise be the case on internal market flexibility as a mechanism of economic adjustment
現在就讓我列出大家在11個國家實行的統一貨幣制度，與香港實行與美元掛的貨幣發行局制度兩者間存在的一個很有趣而又非常重要的相似之處這就是兩者都在很大程度上倚賴內部市場靈活性來作為經濟調節機制。The 1992 maastricht treaty proposed a single currency between these nations ? the united kingdom, denmark, and later sweden opted out of these plans ? and established the rules for joining, which included targets for inflation, interest rates, and budget deficits
1992年馬斯特里赫特條約建議在這些國家內實行統一的貨幣（英國、丹麥，以及其後的瑞典都決定退出這項計劃） ，並制訂了參與的規則，包括通貨膨脹的程度、利率及預算赤字等。The chapter one and two, as the basis of this dissertation, make out that asian currency will ally anyway, mainly for the reasons from economy, politics, society and on the analysis of related data from asian and wto etc. at the same time, it takes use of the theory on macroeconomics, advocating that the asia break away from the economics control of us and europe and deploys the resource by itself
論文的第一章和第二章作為論文的基礎部分，從政治、經濟、人文以及宏微觀的角度，並結合來自東盟、 wto組織等相關數據說明亞洲貨幣必將統一。論文在此利用宏觀經濟學有關理論對亞洲貨幣統一的必然性進行了分析，提出擺脫美、歐的經濟控制，獨立進行配置資源。Inteffiational speculation - orien. ed capital has being expanded sil1ce l970s, and express new character of institution and derivation. in l990s. tl1e second cl1apter ltighlights tl1e reason and the result of volatility in exchallge rate under an open econonty situation. first, after the anal }. sis ot + er the participants of exchangc lnarkct, the auu1or first argues that tire free flow of internatiot1al speculation - orientcd capital is the lnai11 source of volatility " in exchange ratc
首先，本章回顧了國際貨幣制度背景，指出目前的國際貨幣制度實際上處於一種危機后並沒有得到意見統一的狀態，無規則的國際貨幣制度將長期延續下去；然後，本章對國際投機資本的范疇進行了定義，並相應指出，從20世紀70年代初期以來，國際投機資本的規模是急劇膨脹的，並且在20世紀90年代，國際投機資本還出現了組織形式機構化和操作工具衍生化的新特徵。In addition to the uk visa fee, which is set in pounds sterling, applicants pay a service charge at one of our 12 visa application centres around china of rmb 220
申請人申請英國簽證，除了要支付按照英鎊統一制定和結算的簽證費用以外，還要給在中國區設立的12個簽證申請服務中心之一上交220元人民幣的服務費。The article will utilize multiple linear return the measurement analysis tool to carry on the analysis in entire asian area several inferior regions drawing up with superior, the currency cooperation first has launched in the association of southeast asian nations inferior region, realized the currency unification in the small scope, this process will advanced also in entire area currency ’ s cooperation mechanism, thus enable the east asian currency cooperation pattern to have gradualness at the same time
文章運用多元線性回歸的計量分析工具對整個東亞地區的幾個次區域的擬和優度進行了分析，貨幣合作將首先在東盟次區域展開，在小范圍內實現貨幣的統一，這一過程將與區內的整個貨幣合作機制同時推進，從而使東亞貨幣合作模式同時具有階段性和層次性的特徵。These series of reform meant that the elementary managed floating rate system of rmb which was based on the market was set up
這一系列改革措施標志著我國初步建立了以市場供求為基礎的、統一的、有管理的人民幣浮動匯率制度。On the base of above all, the article puts the exchange intervene to the whole of internal and external economic balance to discuss the harmony between exchange rate policy and internal monetary and financial policy, and makes the conclusion that our central bank should widen the range of exchange rate waving, loose the exchange control generally, devalue the rmb to cooperate the internal monetary and financial policy. as to external economy, the author thinks our central bank should enhance the cooperation with the international economy, and describes the relationship between the exchange intervention and our country ' s join in wto. the relationship between the exchange intervention and the opening of our country ' s capital item
在此基礎上，文章將央行外匯干預置於一國經濟內外均衡的統一整體中，討論了央行外匯干預的匯率政策與國內貨幣、財政政策之間的協調，指出我國應放寬匯率波動區域、逐步放鬆外匯管制，適時進行本幣貶值以配合擴張的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策解決我國目前的經濟問題；對外，文章指出央行干預外匯應加強與國際經濟的合作，並討論了外匯干預和我國加入wto及資本項目開放的關系。Based on the analysis of chapter iii a nd chapter iv, this section presents overall appraisal of the effects of financial innovation on monetary policy and points out that, financial innovation weakens the effectiveness of the traditional vehicles of monetary policy, undermines money supply as the intermediary target of monetary policy, also, financial innovation reduces the effectiveness of traditional transmitting mechanisms of monetary policy. therefore, facing new financial situations, the revisions of monetary policy are inevitable
最後，在第3章和第4章的基礎上，給出了金融創新對貨幣政策效應的總體評價，指出，從總體來看，金融創新降低了三大傳統貨幣政策工具的效用，逐漸動搖了貨幣供應量作為貨幣政策中介目標的基礎，同時，金融創新還在一定程度上削弱了傳統的貨幣政策傳導機制的效用。Chapter 4 draw out some beneficial enlightenment : establishing some trending standards to currency cooperation in east asia, scooping out and propagating the east asia peer value, strongly pushing forward the " tough system equipment " structure, china and japan carry the duty of early class behavior group to push the system to change
歐元的制度供應來自社會科學知識的積累（最優貨幣區理論的演進與發展人歐洲統一的思潮與運動、德國央行的成功經驗、國家的作用及集體行動，這幾方面的因素和力量通過影響制度供應曲線的斜率和曲線本身移動來推動制度變遷。He provided his new empire with a uniform script, currency, a measuring system and a bureaucracy
之後，他還統一了文字、貨幣、度量衡以及官制。It has created a new form of financial organizations, it is the representation of the information revolution which is leading to the social system changes in the financial field. the emergence and the development of the electronic banking cause a series of problems which was researched by a great number of scholars
首先，網路銀行的發展在一定程度上導致了金融機構向著多層次和多樣化的方向發展，提高了各經濟單位對金融服務的需求和經濟部門的效率;同時，網路銀行的虛擬化和數字化，使過去的資本支付職能減弱，對傳統貨幣理論的沖擊，給央行制定貨幣政策、實施金融監管帶來了難度。分享友人