胞質蛋白受體 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bāozhídànbáishòutǐ]
胞質蛋白受體 英文
extranuclear receptor protein
  • 胞 : Ⅰ名詞1 （胞衣） afterbirth2 （同一個國家或民族的人） fellow countryman; compatriot Ⅱ形容詞（同胞...
  • 質 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性質; 本質） nature; character; essence 2 （質量） quality 3 （物質） matter; substance;...
  • 蛋 : 名詞1. （鳥類或龜、蛇類所產的卵） egg 2. （像蛋形的東西） an egg-shaped thing 3. （辱罵之詞）
  • 白 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （似雪的顏色） white 2 （清楚; 明白; 弄明白） clear 3 （空的; 沒加他物的） pure; clear; ...
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 蛋白 : 1. （卵中透明的膠狀物質） egg white; albumen; gary2. [生物化學] （蛋白質） protein
  1. First, to construct a recombinant plasmid pegfp - c - fos with c - fos promoter and egfp, and then transfect it into human bladder transitional cell carcinoma biu - 87 cell ; second, based on the changes of the expression of gfp in the biu - 87 cell which induced by the aconitine and hab toxins, the concentration of the hab toxins could be detected

    目的：構建一個含c - fos啟動子和egfp報告基因的pegfp - c - fos重組質粒載體。體外轉染膀胱癌biu - 87細胞后，利用赤潮毒素作用后細胞表達綠色熒光蛋白的變化來檢測赤潮毒素，初步建立一種以細胞為基礎受體水平的赤潮毒素檢測方法。
  2. Interferon is human body gets virus or double stranded the exciting generation immunity of rna exciter is respondent, by the cell synthesis reachs excretive gens protein kind

    干擾素是人體受到病毒或雙股rna刺激物的刺激產生免疫應答，由細胞合成及分泌的一族蛋白質類。
  3. Translocation from endocytic compartments to the cytosol is the essential and rate - limiting step in the intoxication process of most toxins such as ricin, diphtheria toxin, shiga toxin and pseudomonas exotoxin ( pe ). a number of these toxins are transported to trans - golgi network ( tgn ), and in many cases such transport to the tgn is required for the translocation and cytotoxicity. in deed, 5 % of the ricin endocytosed by cells has been shown to reach the tgn

    蓖麻毒素進入細胞的機理不甚明了，一般認為是rtb先與細胞膜受體結合，主要經過受體介導的內吞作用進入吞噬體，然後沿著內體、高爾基體、內質網等逆向分泌途徑，有序地運輸到內質網，最後從內質網轉位進入細胞漿，在胞漿內攻擊核糖體，從而抑制蛋白質的合成，導致細胞死亡。
  4. For example, the signal transduction of g protein - coupled receptor is mediated by g protein and can generate intracellular messages ; there exist some transmembrane proteins in the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum, and some of them are related with the synthesis and transportation of some proteins, while others are related with substance metablism, such as glucose - 6 - phosphatase ( g6pase ). in addition, after binding with the 7 - tm receptors affiliated to frizzled protein family, wnt can activated disheveled protein in cytoplasm which is essential to embryonic development

    如g蛋白偶聯受體通過g蛋白介導產生胞內信使（ camp ， cgmp ， dg ， ip _ 3 ）將胞外信號傳遞到胞內，從而引起生物學效應；內質網上也存在著一些跨膜蛋白，其中一些與蛋白質的合成及運輸有關，一些與物質代謝有關，如葡萄糖- 6 -磷酸酶。
  5. According to medical research, when vitamin b12 enters the body, it forms a compound with an intrinsic factor secreted by the parietal cells large cells of the peptic glands on the gastric mucosa mucous membrane of the stomach, before being absorbed by receptors in the ileum lower part of the small intestine in the presence of calcium ions

    在維他命b12的吸收方面，根據醫學報導，維他命b12在吃進人體后，首先會在胃部，和胃壁細胞parietal cells分泌的一種蛋白質內因子intrinsic factor結合，形成復合物后，再由小腸段中的回腸ileum吸收。在回腸之接受體receptors吸收時，需要有鈣離子之存在。
  6. Ip3 - ip3 receptor ( ip3r ) interaction mediates the release of ca2 + from the endoplasmic reticulum in response to many different extracellular stimulus. for higher plants, however, though it is now generally accepted that ip3 participates in signal transduction in many important cellular processes, only limited evidence is available for the presence and properties of the ip3r - like protein so far. here, using the immunological methods with an antibody raised against a mammalian inositol 1, 4, 5 - triphophate receptor ( type 1 ), we found that, 1 ) the antibody across - reacted the proteins with about 200kd in microsomes from oryza sativa and about 200kd from arabidopsis thaliana respectively

    本實驗用sds - page電泳和免疫印跡的方法，用哺乳動物大鼠三磷酸肌醇受體的多肽做抗體對類三磷酸肌醇受體蛋白鑒定，結果表明：抗體與水稻和擬南芥微粒體蛋白分子量大約為200kd的蛋白交叉反應，同時還發現在水稻微粒體蛋白62kd和擬南芥微粒體蛋白45kd處有交叉反應的蛋白條帶存在，表明在植物中有類三磷酸肌醇受體蛋白的存在；用免疫膠體金方法，發現類三磷酸肌醇受體蛋白主要分佈於液泡膜和細胞質膜上。
  7. " in our experience, they ' re intertwined and inseparable, " berridge said. " in our brain, they are separable. " pecina and berridge made microinjections into rats " brains of drugs that stimulated receptors for opioids, or heroin - like substances, causing nearby neurons to activate particular genes that began producing proteins

    研究過程中，派斯娜和貝利吉對老鼠的腦部進行了藥物顯微注射，刺激老鼠腦部感受鎮靜物質或類似嗎啡的物質的受體，從而導致附近的神經細胞刺激特殊的基因，並使其開始產生蛋白。
  8. Gc binds to mr with higher affinity than gr. this gc - receptor interaction is also controlled at the pre - receptor level by two important factors : corticosteroid binding globulin ( cbg ) and 11 b - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases ( 11 - hsds )

    糖皮質激素與受體結合的量除與血漿中糖皮質激素水平、皮質醇結合蛋白（ cbg ）濃度有關外，還受到細胞內受體前糖皮質激素代謝酶? 11 -羥基類固醇脫氫酶（ 11 - hsd ）的調節。
  9. It is toxic for most mammalian cells since ricin a chain ( rta ) is an rna specific n - glycosidase that removes a specific adenine residue in a highly conservative region from among over 4000 nucloside residues present in 28s rrna, and causes protein synthesis inhibition and cell death

    Rta具有n -糖苷酶活性，可催化28srrna在4234位脫去腺嘌呤，使核糖體60s亞基失活，從而抑制蛋白質合成，導致細胞死亡。 b鏈（ rtb ）是結合鏈，能和細胞表面半乳糖受體結合，協助a鏈進入細胞內。
  10. Hla - g1, which is a newly defined non - classical hla class i molecule, plays an important role in mediating immunotolerance and protecting embryo and even some kinds of tumors from nk cells attacking. the full - length coding sequences containing cdna of hla - g1 were cloned from placenta, monocytes and liver cancer tissue of chinese donors. sequence analysis reveals that it is a highly conserved human gene with only two amino acid mutation sites compared to foreign nationality. its truncated form was overexpressed in

    從中國人外周血單個核細胞胎盤組織和肝癌組織等樣品中克隆了包含完整hla - g1讀框的cdna與國外同行獲得的該基因及其蛋白質序列比較分析表明，該基因雖然有著細微的種族特異性，但高度保守並獲得了它的截斷型重組蛋白，根據蛋白一級結構和同源比較方法，模建了它及其與特異性受體kir2dl4形成復合體的空間結構模擬，預測了它們之間相互作用的特徵。
  11. Rubber tree ( hevea brasiliensis ) is an important economic woody - crop in tropical areas. its latex is the unique source of crude rubber used in current industry. because of its special and important use, the rubber tree has been extensively planted in tropical areas. increase production is always the main target in rubber tree cultivation. since the ethrel was applied in increasing latex production in 1968 for the first time as a chemical stimulant, not only the latex production had been increased largely, but also a new set of rubber tapping system had been established, leading to a series of economic benefit. owing to ethrel " s extensive application, its side effects had been found more and more obviously, such as tapping dry, speeding up senescence, shortening the life span of rubber tree etc. in order to overcome the side effects and increase production more availably, for a long time, people had carried out lots of research work on cell level, membrane level, physiology and biochemistry of laticifer contents. but the mech anism why ethrel increased latex production was not yet understood completely. this study had cloned the ethylene receptor gene ( efrl ) from rubber tree, and researched the relationship between etrl expression in laticifers and ethrel stimulation on transcription level and protein translation level. the results were as follows : 1

    但是，由於乙烯利應用的普及，乙烯利刺激割膠引起橡膠樹發生死皮病及加速膠樹衰老，縮短膠樹壽命等副作用也越來越明顯。為了克服這些副作用，使乙烯利能更有效地刺激增產，長期以來，人們在細胞水平、膜水平和乳管細胞內含物的生理生化層面上進行了大量的研究，但仍未完全了解乙烯對膠樹的作用機制。本研究從分子水平入手，克隆橡膠樹的乙烯受體基因（ etr1 ） ，並在轉錄水平和蛋白質翻譯水平上研究etr1基因在乳管細胞中的表達及與乙烯刺激的關系，取得了以下結果： 1
  12. Immunohistochemistry method was used to observe the temporal and spatial expression of nmdar2, signal molecules, skeleton proteins and connexins in son neurons and glias ( astrocytes and microglias ). radioimmunoassay was used to detect vasopressin ( vp ) content in plasma before and after hyperosmotic stimulation. ultrastructure between activated son astrocytes and neurons was observed by double immune - electron - microscopic staining method

    應用免疫組織化學方法光鏡下觀察高滲刺激后，大鼠視上核膠質細胞（星形膠質細胞和小膠質細胞）受體（ nmdar2 ） 、信號分子、骨架蛋白及縫隙連接蛋白的表達的時空變化；應用放免測定檢測高滲刺激前後血漿中vp含量。
  13. Abstract : plant responses to salt stress via a complex mechanism, including sensing and transducing the stress signal, activating the transcription factors and the corresponding metabolizing genes. since the whole mechanism is still unclear, this review emphasize the biochemical events during the plant adaptation to salt stress referring to an index of importance : the homeostasis in cytoplasm, the biosynthesis of osmolytes and the transport of water. most of these biochemical events were elucidated by study of halophyte and salt - sensitive mutations, also many important genes involved were cloned and used to generate stress - tolerance phenotypes in transgenic plants. on the other hand, about the molecular mechanism in signal transduction, the research of arabidopsis mutations and yeast functional complementation provided helpful traces but not full pathway

    摘要植物對鹽脅迫的耐受反應是個復雜的過程，在分子水平上它包括對外界鹽信號的感應和傳遞，特異轉錄因子的激活和下游控制生理生化應答的效應基因的表達.在生化應答中，本文著重討論負責維持和重建離子平衡的膜轉運蛋白、滲調劑的生物合成和功能及水分控制.這些生理生化應答最終使得液泡中離子濃度升高和滲調劑在胞質中積累.近年來，通過對各種鹽生植物或鹽敏感突變株的研究，闡明了許多鹽應答的離子轉運途徑、水通道和物種特異的滲調劑代謝途徑，克隆了其相關基因並能在轉基因淡水植物中產生耐鹽表型;另一方面，在擬南芥突變體及利用酵母鹽敏感突變株功能互補篩選得到一些編碼信號傳遞蛋白的基因，這些都有助於闡明植物鹽脅迫應答的分子機制。
  14. Gonadal development and fecundity are affected by certain essential dietary nutrients, especially essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, and vitamins etc. thus, during the last two decades, more attention has been paid to the optimal level of different nutrients in broodstock diets. it is well known that protein is a kind of indispensable nutrient because of its important physiological function on body structure and supplying energy to the growth and development of shrimp and crab. protein and amino acids of broodstock diet have been identified as major dietary factors that determine successful reproduction and survival of offspring

    而這些問題的解決則要求對中華絨螯蟹生殖過程中的攝食和消化生理機制，親體性成熟期對各種必需營養素（如必需氨基酸、必需脂肪酸和維生素等）的需求，卵細胞發生過程中營養物質的合成、轉運及貯存規律，以及在受精卵、胚胎和后續以內源性營養為主的?狀幼體發育階段對卵黃磷蛋白的消耗和利用模式等環節進行較為深入的研究，在全面系統地了解中華絨螯蟹的生殖營養生理的基礎上，探討親體生殖營養對卵質、孵化及后續幼體生長發育的影響。
  15. Further experiments revealed that as the healing nerve began to form the protein myelin - the insulating sheath around nerves - this receptor not only caused a reduction in the macrophages ' binding to myelin, but also an outright repulsion from the forming myelin

    深入研究揭示，當恢復的神經開始產生蛋白質髓鞘-圍繞神經的絕緣鞘-這種受體不但抑制巨噬細胞與髓鞘的結合，還會直接抑制髓鞘的形成。
  16. An integrin, or integrin receptor, is an integral membrane protein in the plasma membrane of cells

    粘合素，或粘合素受體是細胞膜中一種必須的膜蛋白質。
  17. These probes bind to specific parts of cells or to particular molecules, such as particular sequences of dna or protein receptors

    這些探針與細胞的特殊部位或特定分子結合，如特定的dna序列或蛋白質受體。
  18. In this experiment hcv structural gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ), and was inserted into baculovirus expression vector pfastbacl to construct a recombinant transposing vector pfbl - cee. the plasmid pfb 1 - cee was transformed into dh1 obac competent e. coli cells. high molecular weight dna was prepared from the overnight cultures from the selected e. coli colonies, which was recombinant baculovirus shuttle vector containing hcv structural gene, named bac - cee

    本實驗用pcr擴增hcv結構區基因，克隆到桿狀病毒表達載體pfastbacl中，構建成重組轉座載體pfb1 - cee ，轉化dh10bac大腸桿菌感受態細胞，篩選陽性菌落，抽提大分子質粒dna ，獲得含hcv結構區基因的重組桿狀病毒穿梭載體bac - cee ，脂質體介導轉染sf9昆蟲細胞，出現細胞病變后，收集含有重組桿狀病毒顆粒的培養上消，重新感染sf9細胞，收集sf9細胞，進行12 . 5 sds -聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳，可見表達的蛋白條帶。
  19. In the new study, researchers created tumor - fighting cells by harvesting normal t cells from melanoma patients and genetically engineering these cells to carry receptor proteins on their surfaces that recognize cancer markers

    在一項新的研究中.研究員在黑色素瘤患者身上提取t細胞並通過基因工程再造這些細胞，以使其攜帶可以識別癌細胞的蛋白質受體，從而創造出了抗癌細胞
  20. Cascades are important in signaling pathways, there extracellular signals ( such as hormones or ions ) bind with receptors on the cell membrane, triggering changes in membrane proteins that activate proteins on the cytoplasmic side of the emmbrane, setting off a chain of reactions

    在信號傳導通路上級聯反應起著重要的作用，細胞外的信號（激素，離子等）和細胞膜上的受體結合，引起膜蛋白的變構，進而和細胞膜上靠近細胞質的蛋白結合，引發一系列的反應。
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