自由進近 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìyóujìnjìn]
自由進近
英文
clear approach-
So far, the main frame of the conjugation of betrand are established, on the basis of which, it is given that the primary condition the directrix line must be satisfied, the relative curvature of the conjugating surfaces, the relations between non - interventional condition and curvature axle of the directrix line, and so on. the transmission of normal circular - arc gear is a typical bertrand conjugation. in order to promote the transformation from theory to technology, the general principle of this kind of transmission is studied
為了使研究更加貼近於工程，便於解析處理，提出準面的概念，並確立由準面到準線的研究路線，給出了各種傳動形式下準面與準線的具體特徵，證明了共軛準面上兩準線的誘導測地曲率等於零的這一不干涉條件，進而指出，當準面為平行軸和相交軸傳動的節曲面時，不干涉條件自然滿足。Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources
基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。Developing the lithography process models to properly characterize critical dimension ( cd ) variations caused by proximity effects and distortions introduced by patterning tool, reticule, resist exposure, development and etching, they are beneficial to develop a yield - driven layout design tool, the engineers could use it to automate the tasks of advanced mask design, verification and inspection in deep sub - micron semiconductor manufacturing
建立準確描述由於掩模製造工藝、光刻膠曝光、顯影、蝕刻所引起的光學鄰近效應和畸變所導致的關鍵尺寸變化的光刻工藝模型，有助於開發由成品率驅動的版圖設計工具，自動地實現深亞微米下半導體製造中先進的掩模設計、驗證和檢查等任務。Second, proposing a hybrid recommendation strategy which used multi - agent system, collaborative filtering, and top - n together to generate right recommendations for customers in different profitability tiers. in the first part, we have defined customer value from two categories : intrinsic value and network value. based on customer ' s historical behavior, segment them with considering their recency, frequency, and monetary
明確指出高價值客戶可體現在兩個方面：一是具有高自身價值的客戶，二是具有高網路價值（客戶的網路影響力）的客戶；其次，由顧客的歷史和當前行為，特別是從recency （最近訪問時間） 、 frequency （訪問頻度） 、 mon6t8ry （購買投人）因素出發，進行顧客內部價值挖掘：並通過形式化顧客的網路價值，給出完整的分層演算法和相應實驗。There are two tracks for the modern educational architecture in chengdu, one is the changdu native self - built architecture, the developing course is to inherit the traditional architecture style and improve it at first, then growing to take in and accept the advanced western educational architectural styles, the other track is that the western churches, entering chengdu from the coastline area, built schools and brought new architectural styles, the development of the religious school buildings is to absorb the native architectural signs, elements and try to combine with the native style
成都近代教育建築有兩條發展軌跡，一是國人自辦的成都本土教育的建築，它們發展軌跡是由最初對傳統建築的沿襲與改造，而後逐步發展到對于西方先進的教育建築類型的接納和吸收的過程；另一，近代西方教會勢力由沿海地區西進而來，他們興辦的學校，給成都帶來新的教育建築類型，教會學校建築的發展是逐漸吸收本地建築符號、元素，試圖與當地建築風格相融合的過程。The equation including the nonlinear dispersion, i. e. the modified nonlinear schrodinger ( mnls ) equation, is a better model. in this thesis, we take mnls solitons as a model for femtosecond soltions. then based on the recently developed direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, we study the raman self - frequency shift of femtosecond solitons and its suppression by the means of frequency filters. for this purpose, first, we define the physical parameters of mnls solitons ; next, through the direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, under adiabatic approximation, we obtain the evolving parameters of mnls soliton on our questions and then choose the parameters of frequency filters based on it ; at last, we directly numerically simulated our questions by split - step fourier ( ssf ) method after improving the arithmetic of the differentiation of the nonlinear item for satisfying mnls equation
本論文以mnls孤子作為光纖飛秒孤子的模型，通過新近建立的mnls孤子直接微擾理論，研究光纖中由拉曼效應引起的飛秒孤子在傳輸中的自頻移，以及通過頻率濾波對自頻移的抑制。為此，首先給出描述mnls孤子的各物理量，然後用mnls孤子直接微擾理論，解析地得到這些問題絕熱近似下的孤子參數演化，並由此選擇頻率濾波的參數，最後用分步傅里葉方法，在對非線性項微商的演算法做出了適合於mnls孤子的改善後，對拉曼效應及頻率濾波進行了直接數值模擬，其中頻率濾波參數用微擾理論確定。In recent years, it is due to the modification and improvement of the algorithms and especially the development of computer science and technology both in hardware and software that lead to the advent of such practical analytic tools as blast, fasta, clustalw, which can relatively cater for the need of research in both efficiency and accuracy. the fundamental way to improve computation efficiency and accuracy is to better the alignment algorithms in principle so as to minish the computation complexity
雖然近年來由於演算法自身的不斷改進以及計算機科學的發展，其實現程序依靠計算機硬體和軟體開發技術的提高得到了效率和精度上的改善，從而使現在應用廣泛的序列比對或數據庫搜索程序如blast 、 fasta 、 clustalw等才獲得了相對滿意的計算效率，但是從理論基礎和思想原理上改善序列比對演算法以期降低計算復雜度，才是提高計算效率和精度的根本途徑。On the other hand, the electric field and intensity distributions of the he11 mode in the hollow fiber are calculated by using the exact solutions of maxwell equations based on the vector model, and the diffracted near - and far - field distributions of the he11 - mode output beam under the fresnel approximation are studies. we derive an analytical expression on the far - field distribution of the he n - mode output beam in free space and discuss its applicable condition. we also analyze and compare the differences between the he11 - and lp01 - mode output beams, and find that the near - field distribution of the lpoi - mode output beam is a gaussian - like one, but the near - field distribution of the he11 - mode output beam is a doughnut - like one, whereas the far - field distribution of both the lp01 - and he11 - mode output beams are a doughnut one
此外，我們把中空光纖中lp _ （ 01 ）模（標量模型）和he _ （ 11 ）模（矢量模型）的場分佈以及它們各自的輸出光束的近場與遠場分佈進行了比較，發現兩種模式的輸出光束在近場分佈有很大的區別， lp _ （ 01 ）模輸出光束在近場是一個高斯分佈，而he _ （ 11 ）模輸出光束在近場是一個中空光束，在遠場兩種模式的輸出光束分佈是基本一致的，這正是由於在中空光纖中採用了弱波導近似以後所引起的誤差。Despite the great progress made in recent years in beijing ' s environmental protection and ecological conservation, there is still much for us to do to reach the requirement of a green olympic games, owing much to the restrictions in natural geography and climate conditions and the environmental pollution caused by human activities
盡管近年來北京市生態保護與建設工作取得較大進展，但由於自然地理、氣候條件的限制和人為污染源的影響，北京市生態狀況和環境質量與舉辦奧運會的要求還有一定的差距。This paper mainly focuses on the noise limiting by means of the direct sequence spread spectrum ( dsss ) and the analysis of the transmission performance of the plc and some digital modulation technology. the contents of the paper is as follows : 1 ) the technical feasibility is proved after simulating noise limiting principle of dsss by means of systemview, the simulation software ; 2 ) a kind of band pass filter ( bpf ) is realized according to the requirement of filter and the principle of butterworth approximation, which satisfies the index of performance of dsss. 3 ) the low voltage plc system includes the sc1128, the specific modulation / demodulation ic, the bpf filter and other circuit components, furthermore, the control function of system is realized by means of the personal computer and the microcontroller
本課題在對低壓電力線的傳輸特性和數字調制技術進行分析的基礎上，將通信理論中的直接序列擴頻技術（ dsss ）用於解決低壓電力線通信的干擾問題，主要研究內容如下： （ 1 ）用通信模擬軟體systemview對dsss技術的通信和抗干擾原理進行模擬分析，分別對時域和頻域下採用dsss技術前後接收信號的頻譜進行分析，驗證dsss技術在本系統中的可行性； （ 2 ）由dsss技術對濾波系統的要求，根據濾波理論分析了巴特沃思型濾波器的逼近原理並設計了合適的濾波電路； （ 3 ）用調制解調晶元sc1128和自行設計的濾波器加之輔助外圍電路，構造出低壓電力線載波通信系統，並採用atmel公司的單片機設計了接收和發射電路的微控制器； （ 4 ）分別對採取抗干擾措施前後輸入和輸出信號進行對比實驗，並對結果進行分析，驗證了dsss技術對干擾信號的抑制作用。It is especially attractive for the downlinks and suppressing intercell mai. when multiuser detector is adapted in blind mode, it usually adopts eignvalue decomposition or singularvalue decomposition of received sample correlation matrix and tracking alrithgms, which result in high computational complexity. at the same time, approximation computation in tracking alrithgms also result in slow convergence
為實現盲自適應檢測，通常採用對接收信號樣本矩陣進行特徵值分解（ evd ）或奇異值分解（ svd ）后進行跟蹤，由此帶來的子空間秩跟蹤使得實現復雜度很高；另一方面，在跟蹤演算法中考慮一些實際情況而作出近似處理，從而引起誤差積累和正交性誤差，導致每次跟蹤開始階段跟蹤速度變慢。Among the causes that contributed to bring about this result were lauristons mission, and the abundance of provisions at tarutino, and the reports that were continually coming in from all sides of the inactivity and lack of discipline in the french army, and the filling up of our regiments by recruits, and the fine weather, and the long rest enjoyed by the russian soldiers, and the impatience to do the work for which they have been brought together, that always arises in troops after repose, and curiosity to know what was going on in the french army, of which they had so long seen nothing, and the daring with which the russian outposts dashed in among the french encamped at tarutino, and the news of the easy victories gained by bands of peasants and free - lances over the french, and the envy aroused by them, and the desire of revenge, that every man cherished at heart so long as the french were in moscow ; andstronger than allthe vague sense growing up in every soldiers heart that the relative strength of the armies had changed, and the preponderance was now on our side
對比迅速的改變，雖然俄國人還不知道法國軍隊的位置和人數，無數的跡象都表現出必須立刻發起進攻。這些跡象是：洛里斯頓的派遣，塔魯丁塔的糧草充裕，來自各方關於法國人的無所事事和混亂的消息，我軍各團隊都補充了新兵，晴朗的天氣，俄國士兵長期的休整以及休整后的士兵通常對公務自發產生躍躍欲試的心情，對于久已消失蹤跡的法國軍隊的情況的好奇心，俄國哨兵現在竟敢有在塔魯丁諾法國駐軍附近放哨的勇氣，關于農民和游擊隊輕易就戰勝法國人的消息，由此而產生的羨慕心情，只要法國人還占領著莫斯科，人人都抱有復仇的決心，還有更主要的，每個士兵雖然不十分清楚，但是都意識到力量的對比現在已經起了變化，優勢在我們方面。實際力量對比既然起了變化。For the ten years of late, the cellular automata has made the new progress in hydy nimiee dynamices. by gaining the moment equations from lattice boltzmann equation and using chapman - enskog expansion, the fluid dynamices equation and energy equation of 13 - bit lattice gas automata model with polyvelocity have been deduced. the validity of the model using for non - isothermal fluid dynamics has been proved
近十年來，細胞自動機已在流體力學的研究中取得了進展，應用13 - bit多速格子氣自動機模型，在由格子boltzmann方程求得矩方程的基礎上，根據chapman - enskog展開方法，導出了該模型的宏觀熱流體力學方程，從理論上證明了所建模型對熱流體力學問題描述的正確性。" a journey of a thousand miles begins with one step. " so go ahead take that step
行遠自邇，由淺近處開始。所以向前邁進，踏出那一步吧！Because of the worsening of energy resource and the requirement of motor manufacturers to enlarge their profit, to increase motor ' s efficiency and reduce the cost of effective material are more and more considered in recent years
由於能源危機的加劇和電動機製造企業提高自身經濟效益的需要，近年來，提高電動機效率、節約其生產成本越來越重要。同時，進一步提高電動機的計算機輔助設計水平也一直廣為關注。The analysis of these two sequences and reported sequences ( three families, 15 sequences in total ) by nj method and the simplest principle shows, the evolutionary trees established by these two methods are consistent and the sequences of the same family constitute one group. the sequences of thaliana and the sequences of brassicaceae each makes up a sub - group in it. the sequences of violaceus distribute in brassicaceae sub - group and this phenomena shows that the relationship is very near
我們對這些序列與已發表的相應序列（合計3個科， 15個序列）用nj法和最簡約性分析，結果表明：由兩種方法構建的進化樹是一致的，同一科的序列形成一組:在十字花科組的分之圖中，來自於擬南芥屬的序列與來自於蕓墓屬的序列又各自形成亞組;來自於諸葛菜屬的序列分佈在蕓墓屬的分之圖中，揭示出諸葛菜屬與蕓矍屬有著極其近的親源關系。The higashi - osaka municipal small and medium sized enterprises promotion association hspa is at the center of operations with creation core higashi osaka as its base. the sub - cluster managers market specialists and cluster manager are the key players of the program in assisting innovative companies with product and market development. the program is organized under a partnership with the neo cluster project, the driving force behind the kansai front runner project the ministry of economy, trade and industrys industrial cluster project, and in cooperation with governmental institutions such as the kansai bureau of economy, trade, and industry and the osaka prefectural government, the business academia collaboration coordinators of the 13 universities that occupy the creation core higashi osaka facilities, jetro, government financial institutions, commercial banks, public testing laboratories, higashi - osaka chamber of commerce and industry, and the product and market development research society organized by various businesses
以creation core東大阪為活動據點，東大阪市中小企業振興會成辦事務局，重新配置專家，以開拓銷路負責人和製造業推進事業經理人為核心，以經營戰略積極的擁有獨自技術和擁有市場佔有率特性產品的企業為中心，與經濟產業省的產業集群計劃關西領先窗口企劃的推動組織企業推進共同體合作，組建了由近畿經濟產業局，大阪府等行政關系機關， creation core東大阪內的13所大學的產學合作中介人， jetro ，政府系金融機關，民間金融機關，公營考試機關，東大阪工商會議所，商社等支援，合作機關組成的新產品開發，新市場開拓研究會。( 3 ) despite of many studies on oxidationjlithiation of porous nickel, a very important factor abstract has not been pay much 8ttedion to, that is, most of the matcria [ s in mcfc actually work under a ioad generated by the self weight of mcfc stack, which undoubtedly has a great effect on the materials performance in mcfc
（ 3 ）盡管近些年來，對于金屬ni在熔鹽中的氧化鋰化行為已進行了相當深入的研究，但是有一個很重要的因素卻未被關注。即， mcfc電池堆中的電極材料在實際啟動和運行過程中總是處于由電池堆自身產生的負荷狀態，負荷的存在無疑對電極材料的性能產生不容忽視的影響。Depending on how the ground surface is denuded, the feature of the current crustal stress field and rock stress environment can be calculated analyzing the result in this paper : by analyzing the recovering feature of the elastic deformation of the rockmass in unload - stage under various pressures, it has been found there is close relationship between the recovering degree of the elastic deformation of the rockmass and the unloading degree of the pressure the direction of the major principal stress in the crustal stress field is not consistent with the direction of the crushing stress regional tectonics borne during the last tectonic movement. the evolving degree of the regional geomorphology evidently affects the current crustal stress field, which changes from the self - weight stress field to the horizontal stress field, with the changing of the eroding degree of the regional geomorphology ranging from valley area to hilly country to flat country. in valley area, where there is two stress belts, the bankslope s tress belt and the self - weight stress belt within the mountain. the direction of the major principal stress is nearly parallel to the ground surface and inclines towards the valley in the bankslope stress belt. it is nearly vertical in the self - weight stress belt
通過本文的研究成果，根據區域性地貌的演化特徵，我們可以大致地對現今地應力場進行判斷：在分級卸荷條件下，巖體中彈性變形的恢復具有明顯的規律性，這種規律對于研究地應力場的演變是有幫助的；地應力場中最大主應力方向與區域構造形跡在最近的構造運動中所受區域性擠壓應力的方向無明顯的對應性；區域性地貌形態的演化程度對現今地應力場的特徵具明顯的影響，隨著區域性地貌侵蝕程度由峽谷區、丘陵區、平原區的變化，現今地應力場特徵由自重應力場、水平應力場為主含少量自重應力場特徵向水平應力場的規律變化；在峽谷區，山體中具有兩個應力帶：自重應力帶和卸荷應力帶，最大主應力方向在卸荷應力帶中近平行於坡面並傾向于河谷、在自重應力帶中近於直立；根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致地估算最大主應力和中間主應力的量值和方向；在丘陵區和平原區，最大主應力的方向近於水平，並與附近區域性侵蝕盆地和河流的展布方向基本平行，根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致估算其最大主應力的量值；根據區域性地貌形態的特徵來分析工程區的現今地應力場特徵，並進而大致了解巖石的應力環境，這種分析方法得出的結論與許多實際的地應力測試成果基本一致，對于大型水電工程地下廠房和壓力隧洞的設計是有所幫助的。United ' s players tried in vain to create a two - goal cushion - markus neumayr was nearest to it with a trademark free - kick that brought a terrific save from olejnik
曼聯的球員們多次努力試圖打進2球以確保優勢，但沒有成功? ?紐梅爾最為接近，他商標式的自由球迫使奧賴金克做出精彩撲救。分享友人