自體抗原 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìtǐkàngyuán]
自體抗原
英文
autoantigen-
Transplantation has been developed to an effctive strategy for treatment of end stage diseases of multiple organs since 1950 ' s. despite success of current immunosuppressive drugs, transplantation immunologists and surgeons are still seeking to achieve tolerance to allograft. there are several different mechanisms such as clonal deletion, anergy, neglect, immuno regulation. which maintain tolerance to self - antigen. some strategies, derived from these mechanisms has been proved to be encouraged in suppression of allograft rejection
二十世紀五十年代以來，器官移植的進展使同種異體器官移植成為治療多種器官終末期疾病的有效手段。盡管目前免疫抑制方案非常有效，但免疫耐受仍是移植免疫學家和外科醫生關注的課題。有多個機制使免疫系統對自身抗原保持耐受，如：克隆清除、忽略、失能、免疫調節。Negatie results of tests for ceruloplasmin, antinuclear antibodies, and antimitochondrial antibodies do not definitiely rule out wilson ' s disease, autoimmune hepatitis, or primary biliary cirrhosis, respectiely ; howeer, these diseases do not adequately explain the other features of this patient ' s presentation
血漿銅藍蛋白、抗核抗體和抗線粒體抗體檢查結果陰性並不能排除肝豆狀核變性、自身免疫性肝炎或原發性膽汁性肝硬變，然而，這些疾病各自並不能充分地解釋該患者的其他臨床表現。Basing on this sense, the original confucian school in the pre - qin times interpreted the eremite motive as a moral self - consciousness and protest, embodying a consistent tension between the confucian dao ( way or confucian doctrine ) and politics as well as between their lofty moral integrity and independent non - cooperative attitude to politics
先秦原始儒家在此基礎上，對《周易》中隱逸行為的動機進行了道德化的闡釋，將其歸結於一種真誠的道德自覺和抗議精神，體現了儒家在道統與政統之間所始終堅持的一貫張力，以及不願同流合污的崇高道德氣節和獨立不屈的政治不合作態度。Female mice serum and vaginal secretion antibodies, their fertility and the pathological changes were determined. on the other hand, the effects of the anti - serum against synthetic peptide on the sperm - egg interaction during ivf and the location of p3 peptide in sperm were watched. the main results and conclusions were as follows : 1 ) the new antigen p3 peptide which harvested from the 430a peptide synthesizer were verified by the mass spectrograph and hplc, that the ratio of mass / charge of the synthetic peptide was equal to the molecular weight in theory and its purity was above 95 %
本研究的主要結果和結論如下：一、經抗原分子設計，在430a自動肽合成儀上合成的新抗原p3 ，經質譜儀分析證明其荷質比與理論一致；純化后，其純度大於95 ；將新抗原與klh偶連后免疫小鼠，經westernblot證實其誘導的特異性抗體可識別小鼠、大鼠、人睪丸組織中分子量約為22kd和55kd左右的蛋白質。In this thesis, a kind of reversible immobilization method based on the plasma - polymerized film ( ppf ) used for effective immobilization of active bio - molecules and easy reproduction of sensors is developed. the surface of quartz crystal microbalance ( qcm ) is firstly prepared with plasma - polymerized film of butyl amine by glow - charge technique and then covered with a negative - charged polyelectrolyte by self - assembling. through strong electrostatic attraction, antibodies ( antigens ) positive - charged are immobilized for the determination of antigens ( antibodies )
本論文基於等離子體聚合膜，設計了一種既能固定生物活性物質又易於傳感器再生的可逆固定化方法，即採用輝光放電的等離子體沉積技術，先在石英晶體上沉積一層正丁胺等離子體聚合膜，再在膜上自組裝一層帶負電的聚電解質，用以靜電吸附固定抗體（抗原）測定抗原（抗體） 。It is not known why rice plants resistant to both vectors differ in their susceptibility to the respective viruses.
為什麼抗兩種介體的水稻對各自的病毒的感病性不同，原因還不清楚。Phage display describes a selection technique in which a peptide or protein is expressed as a fussion with a coat protein of bacteriophage, resulting in display of the fused protein on the surface of the virion, while the dna encoding the fussion resides within the virion
自1985年gpsmith首次提出噬菌體展示技術以來，隨著生物技術的發展，噬菌體隨機肽庫已成為研究分子間相互作用的有力工具，特別是在抗原表位研究方面。The corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline ( nc ) copper bulks with various grain sizes prepared from igc ( inert gas condemsation ) and vacuum annealing in comparison with conventional microcrystalline ( mc ) copper ( as - rolled and electrolytic ) in acid copper sulphate solution and neutral solution containing chlorides under free corrosion conditions and anodic polarizations has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization, potentiometric analysis, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. x - ray diffraction was used to estimate the grain size of the annealed nc copper. field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and x - ray energy - dispersive spectroscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and analyze the surface composition after the polarization and potentiometric test of both nc and mc copper
本文研究了用igc （惰性氣體蒸發凝聚原位溫壓法）制備並真空退火到不同晶粒尺寸的納米晶銅和微米晶銅（冷軋紫銅、電解銅）在酸性硫酸銅溶液和中性含氯溶液中，在自腐蝕狀態和陽極極化狀態下的腐蝕性能。使用了動電勢極化、電位測定、循環伏安法（ cv ）和電化學阻抗譜（ eis ）等方法。 x -射線衍射（ xrd ）的方法用來估算納米晶銅晶粒尺寸。Many cucurbitaceae plants were known to he chinese medicine herbs and contain ribosome - inactivating proteins ( rip ), a group of toxic proteins that have been proposed and demonstrated to play potential use as toxins in the therapy of a variety of human tumors and viruses including hiv
核糖體失活蛋白（ ribosome - inactivatingproteins ， rip ）具有抗腫瘤和抗病毒等醫用價值，以及抗植物病毒和病原真菌等農用價值。它是一種多活性的物質，不同rip具有各自獨特的功能，其潛在活性還在不斷發現之中。Glutamic acid decarboxylase ( gad ) is a major target antigen of humoral and cellular autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes mellitus. the autoantibodies against gades protein is the most early and specific marker for type 1 diabetes mellitus, so it has been applied to the clinical practices widely
谷氨酸脫羧酶（ gad ）是胰島b細胞的一種主要自身抗原，與1型糖尿病細胞免疫和體液免疫有密切關系，已廣泛應用於臨床，作為糖尿病預測、診斷、分型、療效監測的重要依據。We research the causes of concrete cracking, develop the high performance anti - cracking additive, optimize the concrete mix and construction techniques, increase the stability of concrete volume by shrinkage compensation, enhance splitting tensile strength, and can meet demand of high workability of fresh concrete. in the study, a thorough investigation of this problem is made from all points of view, with the aid of various modern measurement & testing technology and different theories & methods in surface physical chemistry, structural chemistry, solid - state chemistry, composite materials, fracture mechanics, etc. our research results have shown that the various shrinkage of concrete cause concrete cracking in building engineering, such as autogenous shrinkage, dry shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, plastic shrinkage, carbonized shrinkage, etc
目前，解決混凝土開裂的方法是綜合的，我們調查研究了混凝土開裂的原因，開發研製了高性能抗裂外加劑，優化混凝土的設計和施工方法，並通過補償收縮達到混凝土體積穩定，提高抗裂強度，滿足混凝土拌和物高工作性能的要求。本研究採用多種測試技術，應用表面物理化學、結構化學、固體化學、復合材料學、斷裂力學等多學科的理論與方法，從不同的角度進行深入的研究和探討。通過調查研究建築工程中出現的混凝土開裂、滲漏問題，發現混凝土在非荷載作用下開裂主要是由混凝土的自收縮、乾燥收縮、溫度收縮、塑性收縮、碳化收縮等各種收縮變形引起的。This paper mainly focuses on the noise limiting by means of the direct sequence spread spectrum ( dsss ) and the analysis of the transmission performance of the plc and some digital modulation technology. the contents of the paper is as follows : 1 ) the technical feasibility is proved after simulating noise limiting principle of dsss by means of systemview, the simulation software ; 2 ) a kind of band pass filter ( bpf ) is realized according to the requirement of filter and the principle of butterworth approximation, which satisfies the index of performance of dsss. 3 ) the low voltage plc system includes the sc1128, the specific modulation / demodulation ic, the bpf filter and other circuit components, furthermore, the control function of system is realized by means of the personal computer and the microcontroller
本課題在對低壓電力線的傳輸特性和數字調制技術進行分析的基礎上，將通信理論中的直接序列擴頻技術（ dsss ）用於解決低壓電力線通信的干擾問題，主要研究內容如下： （ 1 ）用通信模擬軟體systemview對dsss技術的通信和抗干擾原理進行模擬分析，分別對時域和頻域下採用dsss技術前後接收信號的頻譜進行分析，驗證dsss技術在本系統中的可行性； （ 2 ）由dsss技術對濾波系統的要求，根據濾波理論分析了巴特沃思型濾波器的逼近原理並設計了合適的濾波電路； （ 3 ）用調制解調晶元sc1128和自行設計的濾波器加之輔助外圍電路，構造出低壓電力線載波通信系統，並採用atmel公司的單片機設計了接收和發射電路的微控制器； （ 4 ）分別對採取抗干擾措施前後輸入和輸出信號進行對比實驗，並對結果進行分析，驗證了dsss技術對干擾信號的抑制作用。This dissertation majorly researchs and designs full digital dc driving system with fuzzy control. it makes a scheme argumentation firstly, analyzing the pid algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm the ordinary digital pulse trigger algorithm and the double remainder method of pulse trigger in detail, and fuzzy control and the double remainder method are put forward to settle the under - mentioned problems, namely, the new viewpoint and the task having finished in this dissertation as follows : ( 1 ) in rder to overcome the influence of dc motor ' s parameter changing with time and nonlinear on the control system performance, this dissertation adopts fuzzy control as outside regulator and pi control as inside regulator in double regulators of the full digital dc motor driving system design ;. ( 2 ) aiming at the pulse trigger reliability of the ordinary d igital pulse trigger being low and leaking the pulse or the order of pulse confusion, this paper adopts the double remainder algorithm with short response time high pulse trigger reliability good adaptability and anti - jamming ; ( 3 ) this dissertation adopts tms320lf2407 which has good performance as major control chip this chip has power function with fast calculation capability, and accomplishes the software and hardware design in the dc motor driving system with fuzzy control ; ( 4 ) this dissertation also puts emphases on anti - jamming in hardware and software ; ( 5 ) after having designed the sample of full digital dc motor driving system with fuzzy control, a lot of experiments are performed to verify the performance and settles problems during experiment. the result of experiment proves the feasibility of design
首先進行了方案論證，對模糊控制演算法和數字pid調節演算法、觸發脈沖的一般演算法和雙余演算法進行了詳細地研究分析，提出應用模糊控制和雙余法解決下述問題，即該論文主要的新見解和所完成的工作： （ 1 ）為了克服直流電機參數時變性和非線性因素對控制性能的影響，本設計中，雙閉環調速系統的外環採用模糊控制，內環採用pi控制，使系統在一定范圍內對直流電機參數變化和非線性因素影響有自適應能力； （ 2 ）針對常規數字觸發器演算法中觸發脈沖的可靠性不高，經常出現漏脈沖或是脈沖混亂的情況，本文採用雙余法，該演算法具有響應快，可靠性高，具有良好的適應性及抗干擾能力； （ 3 ）本設計中採用了速度快、功能強的tms320lf2407作為系統的主控晶元，應用該晶元完成系統的軟硬體設計： （ 4 ）本文對系統抗干擾的軟硬體措施進行了重點研究； （ 5 ）設計了具有模糊控制的全數字直流傳動系統原理樣機，並進行了試驗驗證，對試驗過程中出現的問題及時解決，最終實驗結果證明設計是可行的。A dot - enzyme - linked immnosorbent assay ( dot - elisa ) for the detection of antidodies against newcastle diesease virus ( ndv ) was established by using purified ndv and self - made enzyme - labeled anti - chicken igg, the mehod was also evaluated through it ' s application
本研究用提純的新城疫病毒和自製的酶標抗體建立了檢測雞新城疫抗體的dot - elisa方法。試驗中用f _ （ 48 ） e _ 9株和lasota株提純抗原並對兩者進行了比較。Abstract : during the reduction of iron ore - coal pellet in air, the combustible gas generated from the reduction in pellet is burnt onto the firing surface around the pellet. between the pellet surface and the firing surface, ther e is such mixing gas containing the combudstible gas and burnt gas. it m ay b e sure that the iron ore - coal pellet is no oxidized in the week oxidizing atmos phere. the heat released by combusition on the firing surface is fast tranfered i nto the pellet, and the self - heating reduction of iron ore - coal pellet may occu r
文摘:鐵礦-煤球團在空氣中能夠還原的原因是：從球團排出的可燃性氣體在球面附近的火焰面上燃燒，在火焰面內側是氧化性較弱的可燃性氣體和燃燒產物的混合物，鐵礦-煤球團在弱氧化性氣氛中具有抗氧化性；在火焰面燃燒放出的熱量向球團傳遞，進行自熱還原Under the horizontal earthquake action and wind force, aim at " the pure frame structure with rectangle columns ", " the pure frame structure with special - shaped columns ", " the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns " and " frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns ", earthquake action analysis was done by the spacial finite element method through the changes structural parameter. analyzing systematically " structure vibration mode ", " vibration period ", " structure lateral rigidity ", " seismic action force ", " seismic response force ", " floor seismic shear force ", " lateral horizontal displacement of structure " and " members internal force ". results indicate : ( 1 ) based on equal area, the special - shaped columns replaced the rectangle columns, the structural lateral rigidity enlarges, the lateral displacement minishes obviously, the earthquake response increase slightly, the biggest increasing amount of frame columns axis - compress ratio is smaller than 0. 08. the whole aseismic performance of structure has improved ; ( 2 ) when the section ' s length and section ' s thickness ratio of special - shaped columns is smaller than 3. 6, the structure benefits to resist seismic action ; ( 3 ) the angle of horizontal seismic action with the whole coordinate is 0 degree, structure earthquake response is bigger, belonging to a control factor of structure aseismic design ; ( 4 ) the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns and the " a " - brace has the biggest lateral rigidity ; ( 5 ) the frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns have bigger lateral rigidity and smaller displacement, members internal force enlarged just rightly, have much superiority of resisting seismic action ; ( 6 ) in the higher seismic fortification criterion region ( 8 degree of seismic fortification intensity ), aseismic disadvantageous building site ( iii type site ), adopting special - shaped columns structure system, should reduce possibly the building ' s self - weight in order to reduce the earthquake response ; ( 7 ) the response spectrum method of computing seismic response and the time - history analysis method have similar analysis result
西安理工大學碩士學位論文在水平地震作用下，並考慮風荷載組合，分別對「矩形柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱框一析架結構」及「異型柱框-剪結構」等四種結構體系，通過改變結構參數，運用空間有限元方法，進行地震作用計算。系統地分析研究「結構振型」 、 「振動周期」 、 「結構側向剛度」 、 「結構地震反應力」 、 「樓層地震剪力」 、 「結構側向位移」 、 「層間位移角」 ，以及「構件內力」 。結果表明:在等面積原則下，異型柱代換矩形柱后，結構剛度增大，側向位移明顯減小，地震反應力略有增加，框架柱軸壓比最大增幅小於8 % ，結構整體抗震性能有所提高;當異型柱肢長肢厚比小於等於3 . 6時，結構有利於抗震;水平地震作用力與整體坐標夾角為0度時，結構地震作用效應較大，屬結構設計的控制因素之一;異型柱框一析架結構採用「人」字斜撐，側向剛度大於「八」字斜撐和「人一八」字混合斜撐;異型柱框一剪結構側向剛度大、位移小，構件內力增大適中，是一種抗震性能優越的結構體系:在抗震設防烈度較高地區（ 8度）和抗震不利的建築場地（ m類場地） ，採用異型柱結構體系時，應盡可能減輕結構自重，降低地震作用力;分別採用「振型分解反應譜」法和「時程分析」法進行地震作用計算，兩種方法所得結果基本一致。Autoantibodies can also recognize self - antigens already in tissues and generate immune complexes on - site
自體抗體也能辨識組織中的自體抗原，在該組織中形成免疫復合體。To abominable and complicated work condition of dynamic balancing machine and serious jamming, software anti - jamming technology is adopted. principle of software redundance, software hook, " watchdog " and auto - resume from malfunction is detailedly described and program is designed
針對動平衡機的工作環境惡劣和復雜，干擾嚴重的特點，採用了軟體抗干擾技術，本文詳細論述了軟體冗餘、軟體陷阱、 「 watchdog 」和故障自動恢復處理等技術原理和程序設計方法。On one hand, after the introduction of the household contract system to the rural areas, the original technology department could no longer meet the needs of large numbers of rural households with their individual businesses that widely populated across the country. on the other hand, the rapid development of the market economy confronted the farmers, most of which shook helplessly in face of the large corporations, with the overwhelmingly fierce competition
一方面，農村實行家庭聯產承包責任制后，原有的技術經濟部門無法滿足千家萬戶、分散經營的農戶各方面的需求;另一方面，市場經濟的發展已將個體農民推到了競爭的前沿，而弱小的農民單憑自身力量很難與強有力的市場主體抗衡。But other work indicates that, in addition, the b lymphocytes of lupus patients are inherently deranged ; they are predisposed to generate autoantibodies even when the self - molecules they encounter are perfectly normal
但原因不只如此，其他研究顯示，狼瘡患者的b淋巴球生來就表現異常；即使它們遇到的是完全正常的自體分子，也會傾向生產自體抗體。分享友人