規范預測法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guīfànyùcèfǎ]
規范預測法 英文
normative forecasting technique
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 范 : 名詞1 [書面語] （模子） pattern; mould; matrix 2 （模範; 榜樣） model; example 3 （范圍） boundar...
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 預測 : calculate; forecast; prognosis; divine; forecasting; foreshadowing; predetermination
  1. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  2. I also summarized briefly the qualifications for tender agency, factors which would block the development of tender agents and the countermeasures, a nd anticipated the foreground of its development in water conservancy systems of hebei province, and then, i advanced my suggestion on the standardization of tendering and bidding procedures in the relevant projects ; i also analyzed the insufficiencies of decision - making system, documents study and circumstances research in the tenders. at the same time, i introduced the skills and strategies in the tendering and bidding, and advanced my analysis results and suggestions. through the introduction of the procedure from opening to evaluating and deciding the tenders, and the scores registration method on evaluating tenders, i pointed out the status quo and main problems occurred in the tendering and bidding in the construction of water conservancy projects in hebei province, and put forward my suggestion on the system of opening, evaluating and deciding of tender in the projects

    在對招標人、招標代理機構和招標過程的法律規定與分析后，指出河北省水利工程建設招標人和河北省工程建設招標代理機構的現狀及存在問題，提出了市場經濟條件下，最合理的招標組織形式為招標代理，並簡述了招標代理機構的資格要求、河北省水利工程建設管理機制中阻礙招標代理機構順利發展因素及對策，預測了招標代理制度在河北省水利系統的發展前景，對進一步規范河北省水利工程招標活動提出建議；對投標過程中存在的投標決策、招標文件研究、投標環境調查不足之處進行了分析，同時介紹了河北省水利工程建設投標報價技巧及策略，對河北省水利工程投標活動現狀及存在問題提出規范化的分析和建議；通過對水利工程開標、評標、定標運行程序和河北省水利工程評標計分辦法的介紹，指出了河北省水利工程建設招標投標定標運行的現狀和存在的問題，提出了河北省水利工程建設開標、評標、定標運行體系的建議。
  3. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  4. In view of the fact that prediction of creep and shrinkage with current bridge provision for specific concrete under specific ambience sometimes has a big discrepancy with real values, a new method to obtain the expressions of creep and shrinkage from newly - built pc bridges short - term test results is presented, and relative equations have been established. therefore, a reliable long - term prediction on effect due to creep and shrinkage in pc bridges holds a firm bearing point

    研究中發現某一特定環境下工作的混凝土用現有規范公式預測得到的徐變、收縮特性常有偏差較大的現象，由此提出了從新建預應力混凝土橋梁短期試驗結果推算梁體相應素混凝土在工作環境下的徐變、收縮特性的思想和方法，並建立了計算式，為新建預應力混凝土橋梁可靠的徐變效應分析提供了前提和保證。
  5. The research achievements are as followed : studying the shortages and the improved methods of gm ( 1, 1 ) grey prediction model, considering the characteristic of the transformer chromatographic data, bring forward the method for converting a series of data which are sampled in different interval into a series of data in the same interval. the weakening operator is applied to reconstruct the transformer chromatographic data for attenuating or eliminating the influence of randomicity. the improved prediction model for power transformer interior fault is constructeded

    主要取得了以下研究成果：通過對gm （ 1 ， 1 ）灰色預測模型的缺陷及其改進方法的深入研究，針對變壓器色譜數據序列的特有規律，提出了原始非等間距色譜數據序列的等間距處理方法，運用弱化運算元改造原始序列，淡化或消除原始色譜數據序列由於受各種隨機因素影響所具有的隨機性，給出了適用范圍更廣的變壓器內部故障改進灰色預測模型的建模方法。
  6. We propose a combined slf method to extrapolate feeder load growth by using feeder ' s history peak value and the merits of gray theory and genetic programming ( gp ). at first, we adopt load transfer coupling method to correct load history and its error for load transfer. secondly, we get the real power - supply area by using layer overlap analysis, based on practical feeder path and distribution gis map layer

    將gis的空間信息分析功能應用於配網空間負荷預測的研究：綜合利用灰色理論及遺傳規劃（ geneticprogramming ， gp ）的優點，提出了一種根據饋線的歷史峰值負荷進行外推的組合slf法：首先採用負荷耦合回歸法來修正負荷歷史，消除由於負荷轉移引起的誤差；然後根據實際饋線路徑和配網gis圖形分層，運用圖層疊加分析得到饋線的實際供電范圍；接著採用灰色關聯度聚類方法對饋線負荷增長曲線進行聚類分析；最後採用gp來對灰色聚類結果進行符號回歸，分別得到每一類曲線的最佳擬合曲線形式。
  7. This paper firstly applied sequential cluster method to set up the classification standard of precipitation state based on the fact that there are much uncertainty and imprecise characteristics in the precipitation course ; then this paper presented a method which is called markov chain with weights to predicted the future precipitation state by regarding the standardized self - coefficients as weights based on the special characteristics of precipitation being a dependent stochastic variable ; and applied this method to a real hydrological observation station with nearly 50 years precipitation information in shanxi province at last, an ideal result was obtained

    摘要首先基於降水過程存在大量不確定性、不精確性的特點，應用有序聚類的方法建立降水豐枯狀況的分級標準；然後針對降水量為相依隨機變量的特點，採取以規范化的各階自相關系數為權重，用加權的馬爾可夫鏈模型來預測未來降水的豐枯變化狀況；最後以山西省某水文站近50年的降水資料為實例對該方法進行了具體的應用，獲得了較為滿意的結果。
  8. Based the result of calculation and analysis in this paper, it is feasible that predicting of the service life of reinforced concrete component exposed to chloride environment with a probability based method. the result of analysis is consistent with the changing rules of service life in practice. probability based limit state method is used for service prediction. it is more reasonable than a deterministic model and satisfied with the required method of national structure designing uniform code

    理論研究和實例分析的結果表明，本文建立的基於概率的極限狀態分析方法的氯離子侵蝕環境下鋼筋混凝土構件耐壽命的預測方法是可行和有效的，計算結華僑大學申請碩十學位論文果反映出工程實際中構件耐久性壽命的變化規律；本文使用的基於概率的極限狀態分析方法比確定性計算方法更科學，與我國現行結構設計規范中所規定的設計思想保持一致。
  9. Consulting criterion and experts ’ experience the grade standards of indexes are listed, and applying grey correlation analysis method to calculate value of the indexes, of which the form is a serial data. the last, an actual bridge uses synthesis evaluation model, of which calculating result is the same as conclusion of the experts. so the bridge condition synthesis evaluation model of this dissertation is relatively in reason ; chapter 3 discusses defects of current bridge condition evaluation methods, and analyzes various factors, which bring bridge degeneration

    參考《公路橋涵養護規范》中的分級標準進行評語量化，最後根據綜合評價模型進行實橋的評價，驗證本文所用方法的合理性;第三章，討論層次分析法建立橋梁評價模型存在的問題，分析影響橋梁退化的各種因素，並給出因素的模糊分級標準，運用模糊綜合評判方法估算橋梁平均退化率，以掌握橋梁的退化狀態，並舉例說明本方法的可行性;第四章，針對橋梁狀態評價具有信息不完全、關系不明確等灰色特性，以及目前我國橋梁管理部門儲備的橋梁數據資料較少的弱點，對橋梁狀態退化趨勢的預測採用灰色預測的方法，並給出了橋梁狀態的灰色馬爾可夫預測模型和非等時距灰色預測模型。
  10. As one content of the layout of earthquake - resistent and damage prevention of zhongzhou city, researches in damage prediction and correspond strategies of buildings have been carried through in two aspects as following : firstly, the domestic and aboard methods of damage prediction of buildings are compared and studied. the general methods, corresponding advantages and disadvantages as well as the scope of application for earthquake damage predicting of buildings are summarized. the main problems and solutions for earthquake damage predicting of buildings are submitted ; secondly, the current situations of buildings in the urban areas of zhangzhou city have been investigated

    作為漳州市抗震防災規劃的內容之一，本文就建築物震害預測及防禦對策著重開展了兩方面的研究工作：一是對國內外建築物震害預測方法的分析對比，總結了建築物震害預測的一般方法、優缺點及其適用范圍，並提出了目前建築物震害預測存在的主要問題及解決措施；二是開展了漳州市區建築物現狀調查，闡述了漳州市區主要建築類型的震害預測方法和步驟，給出了震害預測的計算實例，完成了漳州市區建築物震害預測、地震經濟損失、無家可歸和傷亡人員的估計，指出漳州市區建築物抗震防災的薄弱環節，並提出了相應的防禦對策。
  11. By comparing the numerical results of water infiltration with air and without air, it is shown that the method in this paper is more effective for solving problems of water infiltration in unsaturated soil. in this paper the forming process of oil - bearing basin is the main research object and the mathematic model of geology is built, in order to simulate the dynamic forming process of stratums especially oil - bearing stratum in geology history in the time and space concept, further to investigate the history of petroleum forming, transmitting, accumulating and predict the distributing rule and scope of petroleum, and offer an rapid, quantitative, exact, general choice for the researcher of petroleum geology. with denudation, poor - compactness and sedimentation hiatus, the stratum relations of sedimentation section is judged, and the ancient thickness and pressure of stratum layer are recovered by the inversion method of back stripping. the numerical simulation algorithm of recovery of geological history is also given

    為了利用現代化的計算技術再現含油氣盆地的地史演化發育過程，以便進一步定量化研究油氣的生成、運移和聚集的歷史以及預測油氣分佈規律、分佈范圍，為石油地質學家提供一個快速、準確、定量、綜合的研究手段，本文就含油氣盆地的地史演化發育過程為主要研究對象，建立了數學地質模型，運用優化理論與演算法，在考慮了剝蝕、欠壓實、沉積間斷等地質現象的情況下，採用回剝反演法，應用鉆井、測井、地震等方法獲得的地層物性資料，判別沉積剖面中地層的接觸關系，恢復地層的古厚度、古壓力，構造了地史恢復的數值模擬方法。
  12. Technical norms for prediction of mine water quantity with numerical methods

    數值法預測礦井涌水量技術規范
  13. The distribution gis data management methods and its application in distribution running are systematically researched, which compose distribution gis network topology analysis ( nta ) and optimal rush - maintain path ( orp ), and distribution planning, which composes distribution spatial load forecasting ( slf ) : ( 1 ) with systematic analysis on the relationship between spatial data model and spatial data structure, the distribution feature and the two common gis data models are analyzed, which are vector and raster data models. then the conceptual and logic data models of distribution gis are designed. the spatial data storage structure is given by using vector method, and their detailed data management methods are proposed

    （ 4 ）將gis的空間信息分析功能應用於配網空間負荷預測（ saptialloadforecasting ， slf ）的研究：綜合利用灰色理論及遺傳規劃的優點，提出了一種根據饋線的歷史峰值負荷進行外推的組合slf法：首先採用負荷轉移耦合法來修正負荷歷史，消除由於負荷轉移引起的誤差；然後根據實際饋線路徑和配網gis圖形分層，運用圖層疊加分析得到饋線的實際供電范圍；接著採用灰色關聯度聚類方法對饋線負荷增長曲線進行聚類分析；最後採用遺傳規劃來對灰色聚類結果進行符號回歸，分別得到每一類曲線的最佳擬合曲線形式。
  14. It shows that the calculation results derived from the rigid - pile stress divergence approach is more precise than that of national code approach ; and the national code approach is defective in calculating the composite modulus by attempted to use the theory and calculation method of rigid - pile composite foundation

    結果表明，採用剛性樁復合地基的應力擴散法比復合地基「規范法」預測變形精度更高；規范法計算復合模量的方法存在不足。
  15. When we have set up a relevant system at cities, we can estimate traffic situation in future without base materials by means of normal four steps model system. at the same time, brings out scientific means for special bicycle traffic in china and gives examples for its process and feasibility. in summary, using tia can reduce the impact of large building on its surrounding and ensure traffic development on balance

    通過對相關資料的研究，給出在城市建設項目中進行tia （ trafficimpactanalysis交通影響評價）的工作步驟，確定應進行評價的建築類型及影響范圍，提出適合中國國情、針對大規模城市開發項目的交通影響預測方法和評價標準：當進行交通影響評價的項目所在城市已建立了綜合交通規劃模型系統時，可利用一般四階段模型預測項目交通量、背景交通量以及總的交通狀態；在缺乏基礎數據的條件下，可根據符合我國實際情況的快速預測法進行交通預測：同時針對我國獨有的自行車交通，提出科學的評價方法。
  16. By systemic analyzing outside and inside highway - passenger - traffic management system and manner, beginning with the point of view how to deal and manage in standardization and how to establish exceed policy within measure, handling the principium of the systems engineering and measure economics, this paper forecasts the development trend of the society economy and highway - passenger - traffic, poses the particular measure and imagine how to build highway - passenger - traffic system. the theory method is very useful in practice and has reference to highway - passenger - traffic market management of our middling and small city

    本文通過系統的分析國外、國內公路客運管理體制及其運作方式，從十堰市的公路客運行業如何規范化經營、規范化管理的良性態勢的角度出發，從政府如何制定適度超前的管理政策切入，運用系統工程、計量經濟學原理，科學預測了社會經濟發展與公路客運發展的趨勢，並提出建設中小城市公路客運交通體系的具體措施與設想，理論分析方法具有較強的實用性，對我國中小城市的公路客運市場管理具有一定的參考作用。
  17. In order to check the this method, we apply it to the engineering example. then we will find that the calculating result has more referring merits than method of the code. the calculating result is not only same as the result of the model - predicting which is the best model we testmonied but also it is more safe than the method of the code because it is larger

    通過實例試算，可知按照本文建立的計算方法在理論上可行，在實際工程中具有一定的參考價值，根據此方法計算得到的值不僅比較接近實測值和我們在後面論證的最優模型預測的結果，而且其值大於規范法所得，從安全形度來講也比較可靠。
  18. The thesis is focused on the theory and standardizing development of agricultural policy - based finance ( apbf ) and the problem of the agricultural policy - based finance of china with the methodology of positive analysis. the objects of the study are that ( 1 ) the main problem of the agricultural policy - based finance of china lies that its performance is not consistent with the standard ; ( 2 ) from the analyses of the information economics theory and the poor - quality agriculture and the relation between the reform of our finance and the apbf, the theoretical basis and necessities of developing our apbf are revealed ; ( 3 ) in the developing process of our apbf, we can see that apbf and its performance do exist in national economy, especially in agriculture and agricultural economy ; ( 4 ) compared with foreign institutions of apbf, the status quo, problem and its cause and influence of apbf of china are examined, and then the countermeasures are put forward

    本論文是關于農業政策性金融理論及規范發展中國農業政策性金融的實證研究：通過系統探討農業政策性金融理論，比較國外農業政策性金融活動，揭示了發展中國農業政策性金融的理論依據；通過考察中國農業政策性金融的發展歷史，對中國農業政策性金融的產生、發展、現狀及其運作不規范的問題、原因和影響進行了實證分析；研究了在社會主義市場經濟體制建立過程中發展中國農業政策性金融的組織模式、功能作用、經營機制、業績評價、監管機制、發展戰略等方面的問題；提出了中國農業政策性金融的組織模式改造、資金籌措運用、業務范圍調整、監管體系設計、法律制度規范、發展趨勢預測的構想和政策建議。
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