觀測高度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guāncègāodù]
觀測高度
英文
height of eye-
And the deficiencies are pointed out in present researches, such as highway capacity, level - of - service, influence factor of road alignments, etc. from these, it has confirmed that the thesis should be studied from rational analysis, quantitative analysis of level - of - service, impact on capacity of road alignments, setting - up simulation model, etc. the high - accuracy gps dynamic data acquisition appearance is proposed to be used for the first time to carry on the experiment of overtaking on two - lane highways, and experiment scheme is designed according to the driver ' s perceive to judge each overtaking course. based on the experiment data, it can get two important parameters of acceptant gap ? the critical gap of overtakable time headway and returnable time headway through data processing, which can offer the strong support to the research of two - lane highway capacity with qualitative and quantitative analysis. besides, the experiment methods is provided to observe overtaking ratio and to measure the
研究中首次提出了運用高精度gps動態數據採集儀對雙車道公路上的超車行為進行觀測，設計了根據駕駛員感受度來衡量超車過程的實驗方案，並通過後期數據處理得到了超車過程中兩個重要的可接受間隙參數-可超車車頭時距和可回車車頭時距的臨界間隙值，為定性和定量分析雙車道公路通行能力提供有力的數據支持;同時，還提出了觀測超車率的實驗方法以及測量加速度干擾的實驗方案，統一了計算加速度干擾的時間統計間隔，為雙車道公路的服務水平量化研究奠定基礎;最後還簡單介紹了駕駛員問卷調查法和模擬程序中模型參數標定和驗證的數據採集方法。And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed
研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。Results contrast with the unimproved or some previous models, the features of tumor microvascular networks generated from our model by simulating the angiogenesis in caecum tumor, such as vascular tortuosity, branching and anastomosis, are closer to the physiological facts and more resemble the experimental observations
結果對盲腸腫瘤微血管網進行數值模擬，與改進前的模型和其他模型比較，本模型生成的腫瘤微血管網結構特徵，如血管的走向、扭曲、分叉與融合等，更接近生理實際，與實驗觀測圖像的相似度更高。Based on the field investigations and laboratory examinations, a study of the population of the epiphytic dolichomitriopsis diversformis ( mitt. ) nog. in fanjing mountain reveals that its habitats are different among different host trees, but that there lies the common habitat characteristics of not more than 2m height from the bottoms of host trees trunks, less light, high relative humidity, slow wind speed, slow evaporation speed and long time of remaining humid in middle - lower tree bark ; that it is one dioecious moss species, the morphology is remarkably different between its perichaetium and perigonium, the number of its perichaetia is much more than that of its perigonia, its perigonium is difficult to find out, its sporophyte is upright, its seta is long and thin, its capsule is regular long oval and its calyptra is cucullate
摘要通過野外調查和室內觀測對貴州省梵凈山樹附生尖葉擬船葉蘚種群的研究表明，其生境因其所附生的樹種不同而有所不同，但具有共同特點：附生在樹干下部距地面2m高的范圍之內，光照弱、濕度大、風速小、蒸發量小、中下部樹皮保持濕潤的持續時間長；其為雌雄異株蘚種，雌、雄器苞形態差異明顯，雌器苞數量多，雄器苞數量少並且難于發現，孢子體直立，蒴柄細長，孢蒴規則長卵形，蒴帽兜形。Based on xi ' an region meteorologic measurement relative humidity and temperature profile data in cloud cover, the log - amplitude scintillation deviation a, calculated in terms of the cn2 model compare with values predicted by means of ortgies model at 10 ~ 30ghz. it is shown that the c, 2 model can be applied at the continental climate area as xi ' an area. finally, on earth - space paths, by applying a modif
根據西安地區氣象觀測有雲覆蓋時溫度和濕度隨高度變化的數據，在10 30ghz ，應用該c _ n ~ 2模型計算了幅度閃爍標準偏差，也與ortgies模型預測值做了比較；表明該c _ n ~ 2模型是可用於象西安這樣的大陸型氣候地區。Given the initial conditions including ( 1 ) number density distribution in space which has the similar form to the present day ones, ( 2 ) both the power law and gaussian mass functions for clusters, and ( 3 ) two different velocity distributions which one has a constant dispersion and the other is described by the eddington formula, the dynamical evolution of globular clusters in our milky way galaxy is investigated in detail by means of monte carlo simulations
本文採用與觀測結果具有相同形式的球狀星團空間密度分佈函數，在給定兩種球狀星團系統的初始質量譜（冪律的和對數高斯的）和兩種球狀星團系統的初始速度分佈函數（愛丁頓速度分佈函數和常數的速度彌散度）條件下，我們採用montecarlo的方法對球狀星團系統的動力學演化進行討論。Furthermore, the dq value ranges of profile multifarctal spectra in different landform types and in different directions of the same sections perform different properties and anisotrpies. it can be concluded that the landscape fractal properties depends closely on the int ensity, manner and inhomogenity of exogenic and inogenic processess, and with the properties, we can study quantatively the dynamic geomorphic process. by using the same methods just above, local fractal dimensions d, crossover length tc and the multifractal spectra dq - q of two large - scale landform profiles ( across and along tianshan mountain ranges respectively ) are calculated. the results show that in the studied scaling range the two profiles perform different scaling properties, and both of them can be divided to three evident different linear scaling subsections
不同類型地貌區二維地貌表面也表現出多度域分形特徵，而且隨著觀測尺度的增加，每個區間的分維值均表現為依次減小，表明外營力作用的影響逐漸被內營力作用所取代：不同類型地貌區在相應區間的分維值表現為高山區中低山區盆地區，體現了不同類型地貌表面粗糙性或復雜性的差異，因此分維值大小可作為地貌表面外營力侵蝕作用強度的重要指標：利用標度區的間斷點和各種地貌類型表面分維值或宏觀效應趨於一致，提出5 - 6km左右可作為地貌的宏觀臨界點，並且與利用地貌剖線研究所得到的5km這一數值是基本吻合的。The simulative cloud image, made from the mixing ratios of cloud liquid water, rain water, ice crystal, snow, graupel which were outputted by the mesoscale model mm5, resemble the gms satellite infrared image very well and also show the cloud evolution of typhoon winnie from tropical cyclone to extratropical cyclone after landing
利用高解析度中尺度數值模式輸出的大氣中雲水冰水雨水雪水成功地模擬出1997年登陸臺風winnie的雲系結構。模擬雲圖與氣象衛星實際觀測的臺風雲圖非常相似。由於模擬雲圖可以給出大氣中不同形態水物質的三維空間分佈，彌補了衛星只能觀測雲頂表面的不足。To observe fainter meteors and make your observations run more efficient, a small telescope with a field of view exceeding 7 degrees or a magnifying power not more than 7 should be employed
為了觀測更暗的流星和提高觀測效率，一個小型望遠鏡可達事半功倍的效果視埸達7度或以上，或放大倍率為7倍或以下。Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources
基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。We can use the mm5 model in definite time, definite area weather forecasting. we conclude that : : the moving route of this necw in its developing progress was direct - south along latitude, the cold air is rough, and just this made the rough vertical velocity ; the necw southern moving and conflicting with the west pacification sub - tropical high makes rough jet steam. the plenty south - west warm and wet air made by the jet stream gave the rainstorm demanded vapor ;. the rough vertical velocity by jet stream is a main reason in this rainstorm ; the mm5 model uses four - direction analysis data as its input, this avoids some errors occurred in observe and transfer, thus made the result more useful
綜合分析認為： （ 1 ） 、這次冷渦在其發生發展過程中，其移動路徑是沿經圈直線南壓，攜帶的冷空氣勢力較強，形成槽后較強的垂直運動； （ 2 ） 、西太平洋副熱帶高壓偏北位置與東北冷渦南壓形成的急流軸，把源源不斷的西南暖濕氣流輸送到遼西地區，也就是急流軸的左前方位置，為這次暴雨的產生提供了充足的水汽來源； （ 3 ） 、低空急流不但為暴雨輸送水汽，其造成的較強的垂直環流也是產生強降水的一個主要原因； （ 4 ） 、 mm5模式以四維同化資料作為初始場，最大限度地避免了觀測誤差可能造成的積分不穩定，提高了模擬結果的參考價值。The research test of this discussion as follows : making investigation and research to overseas related materials ; make investigation to built highways in desert areas, dozens of routes and nearly 100 road sections have been surveyed, among them two highways have been taken as the chief investigation objects, they are " 210 national highways - first grade highways from bao tou to dong sheng " and " the section of nei meng a la shan meng s307 from shang de to meng gen " ; the relationship between windblown sand drift and the roadred height wind tunnel test ; make investigation to the tested road sections and subengineerings then make statistics and study according to the test outcome ; the stability analysis of different roadbed height ; the analysis of roadbed economy
本課題的研究工作包括：對國外相關資料的調研分析；對已建沙漠地區公路進行調查、觀測了十余條線路，近百段路段，以『 210國道包頭至東勝一級公路』 、 『內蒙阿拉善盟s307尚德至孟根段』為主要調查對象；風沙流路基高度的關系、風洞試驗；對調查路段及依託工程調查、觀測結果統計研究；不同高度下路基穩定性分析；路基經濟性分析；按照沙丘類型及公路等級提出路基合理高度推薦值。Here the hsc of sompa is achieved through adding super - effective water reducer, fined slag and silicon fume, and decreasing the water / cement ratio. by varying the area ( spacing ) of tension bars, compressive bars, vertical links and distribution steel and embedding steel fiber and polypropylene fiber we try to improve the behaviors of reinforced high performance concrete one - way spanning slabs in bending, so that its ductility be greater than 5. with the same arrangement of steel the width of bending member is varied to observe the effect of the width / depth ratio on the ultimate compressive strain of concrete
通過變化受拉筋含筋率和受壓筋、箍筋（鉤筋、分佈筋）含量，或摻加纖維使之成為鋼纖維高強混凝土（ sfrhsc ）和聚丙烯纖維高強混凝土（ pfrhsc ） ，對高強混凝土雙筋截面梁、板的受彎性能進行了試驗研究，試圖改善高強混凝土受彎構件的延性，使其延性比大於5 ；並在相同配筋情況下，通過變化截面寬度，研究了高強混凝土受彎構件的寬高比對壓區混凝土極限應變的影響；並對試驗構件的裂縫發展情況進行了觀測。Besides, the information on actual height of lowest cloud base is used in constructing of cloud liquid water profile by using radiosonde profiles, that makes an improvement of relative accuracy of retrieved value of l at almost all altitudes by 5 - 20 % according to numerical simulation comparison. the lower the altitude is, the more the accuracy is improved
為減少由於回歸樣本中雲液水廓線的『失真』給反演造成的誤差，本文在對探空廓線作診斷建立雲液水廓線時，引入了實際目測的最低雲底高的信息。數值模擬比較表明該措施行之有效，使對流層中下層的幾乎所有高度上l反演值的精度提高5 - 20 ，觀測高度越低，精度提高越多。The number of cascade particles changes according to the incident cosmic ray energy, observation height, etc
到達地面的簇射粒子數目會隨不同因素而改變，包括原初宇宙射線的能量、觀測高度等。If the focal point of the len shifts around the surface of the sample, the mass ablation, the temperature of the plasma and the spectral intensity appear asymmetric and their maximum occur at the location which is about 0. 4mm under the surface of the sample. ( 2 ) to the plasma of the aluminum alloy sample, when the operating voltage is 1600v, the height from the observed location of the plasma to the surface of the sample is 2mm and the argon pressure is 660 torr, the spectral intensity have the maximum values
（ 2 ）對于標準鋁樣品，在激光器工作電壓為1600v 、等離子體觀測高度為2mm 、氬氣壓力為660乇時，其譜線強度最強；以al 308 . 22nm 、 al 309 . 27nm兩條譜線為分析線，發現隨著環境氣壓的增大，譜線自吸效應明顯增強，當環境氣壓達到600 - 700乇時，譜線幾乎產生自蝕。In this experiment, a neodymium glass laser is used to study the effects of the operating voltage, power density, the height from the observed location of the plasma to the surface of the sample, the location of the sample, the gas composition and the pressure on the intensity and quality of the spectrum
本文採用高能量釹玻璃激光器，研究了激光器工作電壓、功率密度、等離子體的觀測高度、樣品位置、環境氣體及氣壓對等離子體的譜線強度及譜線質量的影響，獲得了最佳的實驗條件，並測量了金屬分析樣品中某些元素的含量。The chief purpose of this paper is to design a new multi - sensor fusion algorithm which can be used by hfgwsr under the clutter environment, which should meet the requirement of real - time processing
本論文的主要目的是設計一種可以滿足強雜波背景下觀測精度較低的高頻地波雷達應用的多傳感器融合演算法，並保證演算法滿足實時性要求。Aim at the dtc ' s blemish mentioned above and the direction of dtc technique development, the dissertation put great emphasis on the work as follows, with an eye to exalt dtc system function : ( 1 ) a new speed - flux observer of an induction motor is proposed to enhance the accuracy of flux observing, which is an adaptive closed - loop flux observer and different from the traditions. a new adaptive speed - observation - way is deduced out according to the popov ' s stability theories ; ( 2 ) to improve the performance of dtc at low speed operation, we have to exalt the accuracy of the stator flux estimation and a new way of bp neural network based on extended pidbp algorithm is given to estimate and tune the stator resistance of an induction motor to increase the accuracy of the stator flux estimation ; ( 3 ) digital signal processor is adopted to realize digital control. an device of direct torque control system is designed for experiment using tms320lf2407 chip produced by ti company ; ( 4 ) bring up a distributed direct torque control system based on sercos bus, sercos stand for serial real time communication system agreement which is most in keeping with synchronous with moderate motor control ; ( 5 ) the basic design frame of the hardware and software of the whole control system is given here and some concrete problem in the experiments is described here in detail
針對上面提到的直接轉矩控制的缺陷和未來直接轉矩控制技術發展方向，本論文重點做了以下幾個方面的工作，目的在於提高dtc系統的綜合性能： （ 1 ）提出一種新型的速度磁鏈觀測器，新型的速度磁鏈觀測器採用自適應閉環磁鏈觀測器代替傳統的積分器從而提高磁鏈觀測的精度，並且根據popov超穩定性理論推導出轉速的新型自適應收斂律； （ 2 ）改善系統的低速運行性能，主要從提高低速時對定子磁鏈的估計精度入手，提出了一種提高定子磁鏈觀測精度的新思路? ?利用基於bp網路增廣pidbp學習演算法來實時在線地修正定子電阻參數； （ 3 ）採用數字信號處理器dsp實現系統全數字化硬體控制，結合ti公司生產的tms320lf2407晶元，設計了直接轉矩控制系統的實驗裝置； （ 4 ）提出了基於sercos總線網路化分散式的直接轉矩控制系統， sercos （ serialrealtimecommunicationsystem ）是目前最適合同步和協調控制的串列實時通信協議； （ 5 ）基本勾勒出整個控制系統的硬體和軟體設計基本框架，詳細描述一些實驗中的具體的細節問題。Traditionally, the gauge is recognized by human eyes. however, some of the subjective factors such as : observation angle, observation distance and fatigue may have effects on the value
這種判別方法受人的主觀因素如人的觀測角度，觀測距離及疲勞強度等影響，誤差很大，可靠性不高。分享友人