計程票制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jìchéngpiàozhì]
計程票制 英文
metered fare
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 程 : 名詞1 （規章; 法式） rule; regulation 2 （進度; 程序） order; procedure 3 （路途; 一段路） journe...
  • 票 : 名詞1 （作為憑證的紙片） ticket 2 （選票） ballot 3 （鈔票） bank note; bill 4 （強盜綁架去用做抵...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  1. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  2. At the end of this course, you will be able to perform financial transactions, make reservations and make or break plans. you will have learned the correct terminology used when socializing and will be familiar with the language used in agreements and disagreements. you ll learn correct usage of past and present participles

    通過本課程的學習，您將學會如何處理財務問題，如何訂票，如何制定或取消計劃，除此以外，您將了解如何正確使用社交用語，如何表達相同意見或反對意見。
  3. This paper, based on the researching achievements of home and abroad, respectively studies and introduces the elementary theory and accounting treating of the preferred stock, stock warrant and treasury stock. the paper expounds the meanings of carrying out the system of the preferred stock, stock warrant and treasury stock in different angles, combined with relevant laws or regulations of our country, this paper proposes creatively accounting treating process or module of carrying out the preferred stock ' s redemption of our country in the future, and studies cash basis ' s accounting treating problem about the stock ' s transformation

    本文在借鑒國內外研究成果的基礎上，分別研究和介紹了關于優先股、認股權證及庫藏股的一些基本理論知識，分別佔在不同角度和立場充分論述了在中國開展優先股、認股權證及庫藏股制度的意義，結合我國的相關法律規定，創造性地提出了未來我國開展優先股贖回業務的會計處理程序或模式，並且對在關于股票轉換業務中涉及現金收付的會計處理問題進行了研究。
  4. It is the issuance and dealing the stocks market depending on the leave unused capital 。 its macroscopically background is highly developed market economy and microcosmic background is limited liability companies with a good frame of property right. stock market has two basic functions : optimizing the resources and being the economic weatherglass. the stock market can be achieved the function of optimizing the resource by three means : keep the information to be expedited, supervise the supervisor of corporation, and make the fixed capital to be exchangeable easily with changing them into securities

    本文從中國股票市場的基礎性缺失著手，詳細分析了在二十世紀九十年代初期以來中國特有的文化、經濟背景下，股票市場的制度演進、變革過程，通過與發達國家成熟股票市場的對比和對中國股票市場內部基本矛盾的分析，找出造成這種情況的原因:即中國股市存在著基礎性的缺失，是一個建立在計劃經濟體制下的畸形運行的市場。
  5. Along with china ' s entering wto, chinese corporations have to face much more cruel competitions which not only are product and market pri ? competition but also are persons with ability and institution competition0 so, how to design series of schemes which can arrest and make use of the seven seas persons with ability, how to optimize the manpovver resources, this are the key point for ali chinese corporations to found modern enterprise institutionso supervisor stock options are the most popular inspirit at present, which means the supervisors can buy themselves corporation stock at fixed pri ? and during a fixed period, so that they can gain the corporation ' s residual clainio at first, this paper discussed the basic stimulant theories by the numbers, and introduce how does the supervisor stock option take place, and its meanings, operation flow

    如何設計出一種能夠吸引和利用全球一流人才，使人力資源配置最優化，是中國企業建立現代企業制度的關鍵。管理者股票期權是目前世界上最流行的激勵方式，它允許企業的管理者在一定的期限內，依約定的價格購買公司的股票，從而取得企業經營成果的剩餘索取權。本文首先系統地論述了企業家激勵的基本理論，介紹了經營者股票期權的發生、意義及其具體操作流程。
  6. Meanwhile, this thesis reveals that there are some great earnings management differences between companies listed in china capital market and companies listed in mature capital market because of separated share system, coalition financial reporting system, and transaction system between affiliated companies particular owned by china

    最後，研究顯示，我國上市公司在股票增發過程中的盈餘管理模式與成熟資本市場的盈餘管理模式存在差異，這是由我國類別股份制度、合併會計報表制度以及關聯方關系及其交易制度所引起的。
  7. This paper makes an statistical analysis on the rate of every financing amount to overall capital source of chinese listed companies from year 1993 to 2000 and draws the characteristic of the financing order of chinese listed companies : the financing order is stock financing - bank loan - internal financing - bond financing from 1993 to 1997 soon after stock market was set up in china ; affected by various kinds of economic policies and other factors, the financing order is bank loan - stock financing - internal financing - bond financing after 19 98. the conclusion is reverse to the " pecking order theory " and that of the companies in developed countries, namely ignoring internal financing and having a partiality for stock financing, extremely with the disgust to debt financing

    本文通過對我國上市公司1993年至2000年資金來源總體情況和和各年各融資方式所佔比重的統計分析，得出我國上市公司融資順序的特徵：我國上市公司在股市建立不久的1993年至1997年其融資順序為股票融資?銀行貸款?內部積累?債券融資， 1998年以後受各種經濟政策和制度因素的影響其融資順序為銀行貸款?股票融資?內部積累?債券融資。說明我國上市公司在融資過程中表現出與西方經典「融資順序理論」 （ peckingordertheory ）以及發達國家上市公司融資順序相異的「融資偏好悖論」 ，即忽視內部融資，對股權融資極度偏好和對債務融資的厭惡。
  8. But in practice, the institutional conditions are not satisfied completely. this paper then look into the institutional difference between america and china, which shows that the degree of maturity of chinese market economy 、 competition of the product market and development of professional executive market are still very low, that the ideology of chinese are still an obstacle to carry out this program

    然而經理股票期權計劃作為一項系統性的工程，實施這一計劃要求的制度條件在一般情況下並不能完全得到滿足，本文採用國際比較方法對我國實施股票期權計劃的制度環境差距進行了詳細的剖析，分析表明，我國的市場經濟成熟程度、產品市場的競爭程度、經理市場的發育程度都還較低，並且存在著較嚴重的思想認識障礙。
  9. Realized monitoring and controlling system implemented by the mcs - 51 system, realized data monitoring and process controlling implemented by the optical fiber sensor and intelligent instrument, realized operation station implemented by the ipc, realized data displaying, mmi, supervising of whole craftwork and control system and report forms printing implemented by the kingview 6. 03 software in the ipc. the ipc mis realizes management of hair - oil, browsing, inquiring and parameter setup and so on using microsoft vc 6. 0 and sql server2000 software. after the research and study, we implemented the serial communication between the ipc and mcs - 51 by advanced dde technology

    上位機採用組態功能強大、操作簡便的kingview6 . 03軟體進行過程組態，完成數據顯示、人機界面操作和對整個工藝、控制系統的管理和報表列印等功能；上位機管理系統採用流行的microsoftvc6 . 0和sqlserver2000軟體進行編程，完成對發油開票管理、巡測、發油記錄瀏覽、統計查詢、參數設置、系統設置等功能；研究與設計了上位機與下位機之間的通訊系統，採用先進的dde （動態數據交換）通訊技術實現上位機與下位機之間的串口通信。
  10. Considering the incentive effect and performance of eso contracts synthetically we get the condition that the optimal stock option contract should meet, and then we analyze and simulate the main parameters of optimal stock option contract. 4. studying all aspects of eso contracts systematically, which will be helpful to design stock option contracts to some extent

    4 、運用系統工程的方法，系統研究了經理股票期權的理論基礎、激勵機制、激勵效應、合約績效以及最優股票期權合約的確定等有關股票期權激勵問題的各個環節，對股票期權激勵合約的分析與設計具有一定的參考價值。
  11. Furthermore, based on the approximately estimation of price elasticity of demand and operation cost by the methods of econometrics, it makes a reasonable scale ticket price scheme and pricing estimation system for chongqing light rail, which also giving a new pricing method for the similar projects in china

    同時運用計量經濟學的方法對輕軌價格需求彈性系數和運營成本作了近似估計。在此基礎上，為重慶輕軌制定出一套可行合理的分段計程制票價方案和票價綜合評價體系，從而為國內同類項目的定價提出了一種新的思路和方法。
  12. First, i review the course that the china negotiable instrument market has passed and the status quo that the china negotiable instrument market is at. after liberation, our nation carried out planned economy, there was neither commerce credit nor commercial negotiable instrument

    首先，回顧我國票據市場的發展歷程，考察目前所處的狀況：解放后，由於我國實行計劃經濟體制，商業信用失去作用空間，商業票據也就無法存在。
  13. Then, the author analyzes the leading features of middle and small high - tech enterprises and the affecting factors of r & d workers " achievement, summarizes middle and small high - tech enterprises " inspiring measures, which are the scientific reasonable system of salary ( salary on working skill, r & d workers " ownership of stock, prospective ownership of futures stockholding stock by means of technology ), perfect working life managing, efficient training plan, justified examination on workers " achievement and efficacy, company culture, emotion inspiring, and inspiring on joining work and giving right, etc., and puts forward general process and methods on the carrying out of middle and small high - tech enterprises " inspiring measures

    其次，作者分析了中小高科技企業的特點和影響研發人員績效的因素，總結出了中小高科技企業研發人員的激勵措施：科學合理的薪酬體系（崗位技能工資、研發人員持股、股票期權、技術入股） ，完美的職業生涯管理，有效的培訓計劃，公正的績效測評，企業文化，情感激勵，參與和授權激勵等，給出了激勵措施實施的一般程序和方法。最後，以杭州創業軟體集團公司為例，進行了激勵機制的實證分析。
  14. Law > >, this paper bring forward the plans and steps to establishes stock system of the beinei group corp ' s every fittings and service center. in the plans of stock system construction of every fittings and service center, the paper design the following plans such as the aim and feasibility of stock system construction, the formation of enterprise ' s property, the scale of capital and dept, the scale and the structure of capital stock, the administration structure and running mechanism of every fittings and service center. at the same time, the paper bring forward and design the plans such as whole member of every fittings and service center hold the share, carry out executive stock option ( eso ) to inspirit and restrict the managers, stopping the length of service by compensate to replace the status of employee in the plans, especially about the structure of share, the paper makes the equilibrium of share. it is to hold the beinei group corp. ' s share by its 3 underling units

    在各配件服務中的股份制改造方案中，本文設計了以下內容：各配件服務中心的改制目的與可行性；企業財產的形成過程；各配件服務中心的資產負債規模、股本規模及結構；各配件服務中心的治理結構與組織運行構架。同時，本文提出了北內集團總公司各配件服務中心實行全員持股，對經營者實行股票期權進行激勵和約束，通過買斷工齡對員工進行身份置換等方案，並對這些方案進行了設計。在股份制改造后的各配件服務中心的股份結構中，本文特別注意到使各配件服務中心的股份均衡，將北內集團總公司的股份分別由其三家下屬單位持有。
  15. It shows that there is cointegration relationship between the economic growth rate and the m1 increase rate. then by using the cointegration, granger causality method, impulse - response analysis, vector error correction model with markov regime switching to test the equilibrium relationship in long run and the short fluctuation pattern in short run between the real output and m1 increase rate, it shows that monetary supply can affect the macroeconomic effectively, and the interest rate and stock market value can not affect the macroeconomic effectively

    本文研究了經濟增長與貨幣供給量、利率、股票市場等貨幣中介指標的關系，得出經濟增長率與m1增長率具有協整關系的結論，在此基礎上使用協整分析、 granger因果關系檢驗、脈沖響應分析、具有markov區制轉移的向量誤差修正模型等最新的經濟計量方法，描述和檢驗了中國經濟周期波動過程中實際產出與貨幣供應量變動的長期均衡關系和短期波動模式。
  16. To develop knowledge and understanding of the operational aspects of maintaining accounting systems and procedures relating to invoicing, receipts and payments, recording income and expenditure, the preparation of ledger accounts, and the preparation of an initial trial balance

    學習並理解有關開具發票、收款和付款、記錄收入和支出、編制分類帳帳戶以及編制初期試算表的會計系統和流程的操作知識。
  17. The difference between the law and the fact property right, enterprise ' s distribution ca n ' t embody the income of human capital property right ), and it also puts forward some shortages existed in traditional enterprise ' s administrative pattern - neglecting h uman capital property right. on this base, the article discusses the necessities of establishing the property right of enterprise ' s human capital in details from the theory ( the necessary demands of modern enterprise ' s system, the unfavorable influence from the uncompleted property right structure of enterprises, human capital - is a kind of rare capital, enterprise ' s decisive capital and it is the essential manifestation of public - owned economic relations ). in practice, it initially analyses the possibility of human capital property right ' s practice ( i. e. policy guide, practical turning point, practical base ) and its basic forms ( share ownership, optional institution )

    在此基礎上，從理論上詳細討論了建立企業人力資本產權的必要性（現代企業制度的必然要求、殘缺的產權結構對企業的不利影響、人力資本是一種稀缺資本、人力資本是企業的決定性資本、人力資本產權是公有制經濟關系的本質體現等） ；從實踐上，對人力資本產權實踐的可行性（政策導向、實踐契機、實踐基礎等） 、企業人力資本產權實踐的基本形式（股權化、期權制度）進行了初步分析，認為企業激勵制度設計中，人力資本產權激勵是重要的方式，在目前的經濟條件下，採取人力資本股權化的形式，具有較強的現實可行性；對那些擁有市場需求大、稀缺性程度高、可替代性程度低的人力資本（要素）的所有者，股票期權制度是人力資本產權實踐發展的基本方向。
  18. It is a financial invention. it also is the one of the most common methods for the incentive issue. this paper described the process of development, design, implement through the origination, background, external situation and internal characteristic of stock option

    本文通過研究股票期權激勵機制的起源、理論背景、國外發展狀況、我國目前的實施現狀及特點等，力圖勾勒出股票期權激勵制度發展及設計、實施過程的大致的輪廓，並著重研究了股票期權激勵機制的行權價、行權期等設計要素。
  19. Make a thorough analysis on the successful experience and the two assumptions of eso ' s good cycle, we know that it is only one part of the whole system of enterprise reform. whether or not it can take effective and how much it can take, needs the improvement of the eso planning in the enterprises, especially the co - ordination from external circumstances

    分析股票期權在國外成功的經驗及其良性循環賴以成立的兩個基本假設，這一激勵制度只是企業改革整體系統工程的一部分，其作用的發揮與否及效果的好壞，不僅需要企業相關計劃設計的完善，更需要外部各因素的協調配合。
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