討論的出發點 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tǎolúndechūfādiǎn]
討論的出發點 英文
startingpoint for a discussionn
  • 討 : 動詞1 （討伐） send army or despatch troops to suppress or assault 2 （索取; 請求） ask for; beg ...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 發 : 名詞（頭發） hair
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 討論 : discuss; talk over
  1. The present work indicates the organic nf membranes and the inorganic nf membranes all have shortages, so develop composite nf membranes that have low cost, mechanically strong and thermally / chemically - resistant, easy to cleanout and good performances is a very important task. in this paper, the preparation of inorganic - organic composite nf membranes were presented. this composite comprise a porous sio2 / al2o3 support substrate, the pore diameters of which ranging from 10 to 15 nm, this inorganic support substrate having a polymer membrane which comprises an polyvinyl alcohol ( pva ) or polyamide ( pa ) densely deposited on at least one of the face surfaces thereof, the structural porosity of such pva and pa membrane ranging from 3 to 5 nm

    本論文以開發無機?有機復合納濾膜為出發點，首先在al _ 2o _ 3多孔微濾膜上利用溶膠?凝膠法制備sio _ 2 al _ 2o _ 3無機復合超濾膜作為無機?有機復合納濾膜的基膜；選用聚乙烯醇和聚酰胺為表面功能層材料，分別探討了以羥基丁二酸和磺基水楊酸為混合交聯劑，採用浸塗法制備了聚乙烯醇sio _ 2 ? al _ 2o _ 3復合納濾膜；以均苯二甲酰氯、哌嗪和二胺為單體，採用界面聚合法制備了聚酰胺sio _ 2 ? al _ 2o _ 3復合納濾膜，並對影響膜性能的諸多因素進行系統研究。
  2. In this paper, with the relocation project design analysis of the second rest house and the tax transaction service center of finance bureau and local taxation bureau of huzhou the design idea of bringing single building design into the whole urban context and modulating the urban regional shape according to the urban design is discussed

    摘要該文結合湖州市財政局、地稅局辦稅服務中心及市第二招待所遷建工程設計分析，討論了以城市設計為出發點、將建築單體設計納入城市的總體脈絡、整合城市區域形態的設計思路。
  3. The distribution and variation of latent and sensible heat fluxes of the cyclones were discussed based on the numerical simulation

    在數值模擬基礎上重點討論了出海氣旋發展過程潛熱通量和感熱通量的分佈及其演變情況。
  4. With that in mind, i would like to discuss a scalable framework for developing web services, strategies for avoiding performance problems, and offer an open - source set of test objects and scripting language called load that can help with performance and scalability testing

    記住這一點，我打算討論的是一個用於開發web服務的可擴展框架，以及避免在性能上出現問題的一些策略，我還提供了開放源代碼的用於測試可擴展性的一組對象，以及協助其在做性能和可擴展性測試時用到的叫作load的腳本語言。
  5. This dissertation analyzes some fundamental concepts in the theory of public goods. based on the characters of non - rivalrousness and non - excludability, the dissertation draws a fundamental arrangement. pure public goods and private goods respectively lie in the beginning and the end of the arrangement

    本文針對公共物品理論中的一些基本概念進行了深入的分析與探討，以公共物品的非排他性和非競爭性特徵為基本出發點，勾畫出物品的一個基本序列，將純公共物品和私人物品列于序列的兩極，而絕大多數物品則位於這兩個極端之間的某一點。
  6. Through analysis of problems presently existing in china ' s modern architectural design ， and comparison between the eastern and western concept of inheritance and development of traditional architectural culture ， this paper sets forth its position on the imperativeness of protecting and inheriting the traditional architectural culture along with its innovation in modern architectural design in china

    本文通過對一些中國現代建築發展存在問題的分析， ，對中、西方傳統建築文化繼承與發展的討論，提出中國現代建築創作中應增強傳統意識，注重傳統文化的保護、繼承與創新的觀點。
  7. In this paper, according to the theory of psycho - physical field ( kurt kaffka ) and psychological environment - defining the " percepted space " as the " impression space ". studying space from this angle, which is to study the perception of space from human, analyze the link for reciprocity between human and space by psychology, try to find a way to realize humanized space, dis cuss the adaptive logic structure for design of architecture space

    本文基於考夫卡的心物場和心理學的環境的理論將人所感知的空間定義為「印象空間」 ，從這個角度對空間進行研究，就是以人為出發點，研究人對空間的感受，從人的心理方面分析二者有機互動的聯系方式，尋找空間人性化的表達，探討建築空間設計中符合人性化空間設計的邏輯和方法。
  8. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  9. The scholars of criminal law in china accepted the crime constitution theory of ussr and tried to adjust it to the changing society. lots of scholars have done deep researches, and put forward many challenging views. among those arguments, violated object of crime has brought heated discussion, whose concept, classification, status and function are especially in much disput, which is harm to realize its great function in practice. the author tries to find how it came into being, concentrate on the key problems and justify its significance and function in the theoretical system about criminal law

    幾十年來，我國刑法學者對犯罪構成理論深入研究，逐步接受並完善了蘇式體系犯罪構成「四要件說」 。然而隨著對問題討論的不斷深入，不少學者對通說提出了各種質疑和挑戰，而犯罪客體則為爭論的熱點之一。犯罪客體在理論上的極大分歧不利於其應有功能的實現，因此筆者期求通過梳理犯罪客體理論的來龍去脈，發現問題爭執的焦點，重現犯罪客體的應有地位和機能。
  10. What the article discusses is to design a computer plotting system to solve the problems how to promptly and precisely study out the above mentioned location and plotting problems. considering the affects of all kinds of factors and leaving enough room, to scan the safety course in all directions, make forecast about the relative position of the ship and typhoon, the tendency of their movements, render a vital group of data and a direct diagram which the captain cares about, help the users to make the scientific and resonable decisions, to take correct and effective measures to keep away from and withstand typhoon early and resolutely, for all the practical problems in decision - making to keep away from typhoon

    本文所討論的就是為迅速和較為精確地解決以上點繪和相對運動標繪的問題，在考慮了各種因素的影響並留有充分餘地的情況下，在全方位范圍內搜索安全航向，對本船與臺風的相對位置以及兩者之間的動態發展態勢作出預報，並給出船長最關心的、對其作出避臺決策至關重要的一組數據和直觀圖形，幫助使用者及早制訂科學合理的避抗預案，及時果斷地採取正確有效的避抗措施，解決避臺決策的實際問題而設計的一個計算機標繪系統。
  11. Starting with discussing the historic evolution of state - owned enterprises, re - defining the conception of state - owned enterprises on the condition of the present market economy, this paper first expounds the concepts of state - owned enterprises in different periods

    本文從討論我國國有企業的歷史沿革，重新界定當前市場經濟條件下的國有企業為出發點，首先闡述了在社會主義計劃經濟時期、計劃經濟向市場經濟過渡時期以及市場經濟時期國有企業的概念。
  12. In its resolution 58 / 138 of 22 december 2003, the general assembly encouraged governments to undertake preparations for the eleventh congress at an early stage by all appropriate means, including, where appropriate, the establishment of national preparatory committees, with a view to contributing to a focused and productive discussion on the topics and to participating actively in the organization of and follow - up to the workshops ; reiterated its invitation to member states to be represented at the eleventh congress at the highest possible level, for example, by heads of state or government or government ministers and attorneys general, to make statements on the theme and topics of the congress and to participate in thematic interactive round tables ; and urged the regional preparatory meetings to examine the substantive items on the agenda and the workshop topics of the eleventh congress and to make action - oriented recommendations to serve as a basis for the draft recommendations and conclusions for consideration by the eleventh congress and the commission on crime prevention and criminal justice at its fourteenth session

    大會在其2003年12月22日第58 / 138號決議中，鼓勵各國政府及早以一切適當方法籌備第十一屆預防犯罪大會，包括酌情設立國家籌備委員會，以便對重點突出和成效明顯的專題討論作出貢獻，並積極參加講習班的組織及后續工作；重申請會員國指派盡可能高級別的代表，如國家元首或政府首腦或政府部長和司法部長出席第十一屆預防犯罪大會，就預防犯罪大會主題和專題發言並參加專題性意見交流圓桌會議；敦促各區域籌備會議審查第十一屆預防犯罪大會的實質性議程項目和講習班主題並提出著眼於行動的建議，以此作為供預防犯罪大會及委員會第十四屆會議審議的建議和結論草案的基礎。
  13. History circumstances and theory background of our state - owned enterprise reformation in the stage 1 are described in the first part of the article, it also commented on the important theory argument, and the inquirement of theory circle of this particular period chiefly centered on problems such as the relation between plan and market as well as the quality of enterprise etc. the reformation measure of the state - owned enterprise reforms in the stage 2 is looked back in the second part of this article, and our country state - owned enterprise reforms had transferred form simply endowing enterprise with benefit to many kinds of experimental units existing side by side such as the contract system, the job responsibility system of capital and property management and the share system etc. according to the content of economics circle argument, i divided this stage to

    根據經濟學界爭論的內容，我將這一階段劃分為兩個時期，前一時期（ 1985年? ? 1988年）理論界主要就企業股問題、股份制問題、資產經營承包責任制問題、國有資產的經營管理問題展開討論;后一時期（ 1989年? ? 1997年）討論的焦點有「科斯定理」與我國國有企業改革的關系，產權理論和重塑我國產權制度。文章第三部分描述了1997年以來國有企業改革的情況，在十五大精神指引下，我國國有企業改革繼續向縱深方向發展。這一階段理論界爭論的焦點有「現代企業制度」問題，國有經濟戰略調整問題以及對現實中出現的各種「經理行為」的解析。
  14. Key directors li han - hsiang li hanxiang and chang cheh zhang che, in particular, are subjects of quite a few chapters, some focus on their specialised genre and some on their unique style. while not all are unqualified praises, even criticisms are well supported by arguments

    綜看整本書的文章，李翰祥和張徹不約而同成為多位作者討論的焦點，有的從類型出發，有的縷述他們的電影風格，其中有褒有貶，各有理據。
  15. In this thesis, our work is focused on analyzing the effects of mutual coupling between elements of the thin dipole antenna array. the effects of mutual coupling on the antennas pattern synthesis and the amplitude - phase consistency of the input impedance of the uniformly - space liner array are presented. a new method that used the mutual coupling to synthesize the pattern is been given

    本文就是以此為出發點，將半波長細線對稱振子線天線陣作為研究對象，以分析天線陣列的互耦影響為核心，討論互耦對幾種方向圖綜合技術的影響，並從兩種不同的角度提出了對陣元互耦的校正方法。
  16. In this paper, the construction of the science course of middle school using chemical course as main line was used as start point, the existence base of the intrgatred curriculum was supported by the associated psychology, perceive psychology, person psychology and physiological psychology theories

    本論文以中學理科綜合課程建設的必要性為出發點，提出了以化學為主線的中學理科綜合課程的觀點。從聯想主義心理學、認知心理學、人本心理學和生理心理學角度討論了理科綜合課程研究存在的心理學基礎。
  17. It combines feeder automation, and develops the fault identifying principle from one direction to two direction. so it enhances the redundancy of fault information, and improves the reliability of the fault location. we choose the transient zero current prior to others, for it is bigger than others mostly

    本文敘述了饋線系統保護原理，提出了基於饋線自動化系統的幾種單相接地故障處理方案，討論了這幾種方案下故障特徵量的比較方式，分析了故障特徵量選用的出發點以及配電終端地址命名規則等問題。
  18. Based on jean piaget " s theory of cognition development and a. c. bblrotckiih " s theo - ry of recent developental area, this paper intends to combine the author " s many years " teaching experience to explore students " characteristics and rules in different developmen - tal stage, to understand the creative process of recent developmental area by using the con - cent of assimilation, accommodation and equilibrium, and to construct the creative patlern of recent developmental area from congnition development

    基於這一認識，本文以皮亞傑認知發展的理論和維果茨基的最近發展區的理論為出發點，結合本人多年的教學實踐，探討學生在各個發展階段的特點和規律，並運用同化、順應和平衡的概念來理解最近發展區的創造過程，從認知發展機制上討論構建最近發展區的三種模式及這三種模式在兒童認知發展中的重要作用。
  19. The thesis gives up methods which regard human capital as center of study. it insists that enterprise is the basis and goal of the problem

    本文摒棄了學術界目前多以人力資本為核心的研究範式，堅持以企業為問題討論的出發點和最終歸屬。
  20. This thesis takes government regulation as a research object, takes the marxism ’ s theoretical study of government regulation as a starting point, profits from western government regulation theory, bases on the actual of china ' s economic transformation, analyzes and explores china ' s government regulation of the transition period in - depth, ultimately to promote the development of the theory and practice government regulation

    本文以政府規制為研究對象，以馬克思主義政府規制理論為出發點，以西方政府規制理論為借鑒，立足於中國經濟轉軌的實際，對中國轉軌時期的政府規制進行深入的分析和探討，以推動政府規制理論和實踐的發展。
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