設計時期物件 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shèjìshíqīwùjiàn]
設計時期物件 英文
design-time object
  • 設 : Ⅰ動詞1 （設立; 布置） set up; establish; found 2 （籌劃） work out : 設計陷害 plot a frame up; fr...
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 時 : shí］Ⅰ名1 （比較長的一段時間）time; times; days:當時at that time; in those days; 古時 ancient tim...
  • 期 : 期名詞[書面語]1. （一周年） a full year; anniversary 2. （一整月） a full month
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  • 件 : Ⅰ量詞（用於個體事物） piece; article; item Ⅱ名詞1. （指可以一一計算的事物） 2. （文件） letter; correspondence; paper; document
  • 設計 : devise; project; plan; design; excogitation; layout; layout work; styling
  • 時期 : period
  • 物件 : thing; article
  1. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  2. ( 2 ) the stress caused by heat of hydration during construction is mainly distributed in the beams, and girders and stress in slab was smaller ; during service process, the stress caused by difference in temperature in different seasons is mainly distributed in bottom components ; the stress caused by difference of inside and outside temperature is mainly distributed in peripheral components of building ; the stress caused by difference in temperature due to sunlight is mainly distributed in the components exposed to the sun. ( 3 ) the control methods brought forward such as setting the reasonable stripping time reducing cast temperature of concrete setting after - treatment joint inflicting prestress arranging steel for construction requirement and so on are effective and their application may be extended

    在使用期，由季節溫差作用引起的結構內力主要分佈在底層構件上；由內外溫差引起的內力主要分佈在建築物外圍構件上；由日照溫差引起內力主要分佈在向陽面的構件上； （ 3 ）在施工階段，可採取使用導熱性能較好的模板、合理設計拆模時間、降低澆築溫度等措施來減小水化熱引起的結構內力；採用設置后澆帶的措施來減小結構在整體降溫情況下產生的溫度內力。
  3. At the same time, using the results of model, the paper provides the optimization irrigation quota and the aim of high yield and high benefit based on the principle that the net benefit of unit water is highestusing the model, we can reasonably distribute the irrigation water for spring - wheat during growing period on the condition of different irrigation quota. through evaluating the comparative yield by the model, the paper gains that the reduction of spring - wheat output is biggest when the irrigation quote is between 100 and 200. the thesis also gains that the corresponding economic irrigation quota is 170 - 120m3 / 667m2. above results can provide scientific reference for irrigation water optimization distribution for crops in the individual irrigation area and the programming of irrigation district

    在現有的生產條件下，可以利用模型在不同的灌溉定額下對春小麥生育期灌水進行合理的分配，並可以利用模型進行作物相對產量的評估，得出當灌溉定額在100 m 200范圍內時，春小麥的產量下降幅度較大，最後得出相應的經濟灌溉定額為170 120m ~ 3 667m ~ 2 ，為今後河套灌區各灌域多作物灌溉水量最優分配以及灌區的規劃設計方面提供了科學參考依據。
  4. When the data of logistics in current process are used for input of simulating logistics in future 100 % continuous casting process, supply of hot metal from iron - making process may not satisfy the needs of 100 % continuous casting on raw materials. because planning scheme in continuous casting process depends greatly on smelting scheme in convertor vessel, it is important for operator to balance raw materials supply, smelting and casting in order to realize the scheme of 100 % continuous casting. when some equipment are work abnormally, mixer of hot metal and lf furnace can be used for logistics buffer

    用攀鋼煉鋼生產數據對模擬軟體系統進行的測試和模擬研究結果表明：模擬系統的隨機數發生演算法可以實現對作業時間的依分佈隨機抽取；在相似的輸入條件下，模擬結果與實際生產物流的時間分佈規律基本吻合，達到了模擬軟體設計的預期目標；若以攀鋼提釩煉鋼廠現工藝的鐵水輸入作為全連鑄后的輸入條件，則現工藝的物料供應能力可能難以滿足全連鑄生產的要求；連鑄機的連澆計劃對轉爐爐次計劃的編制有很高的要求，合理安排來料、煉鋼與澆鑄三者間的物流平衡關系將是保證全連鑄作業的重要條件；當出現設備異常情況時，可以利用混鐵爐與lf爐站前等待作為物流緩沖池，通過延長系統的平均物流時間來緩解因設備檢修和故障等擾動所造成的影響，確保生產的順利進行。
  5. At the meantime, the rock mass may alternate between loading and unloading and it exists in certain kind of liquid, such as surface water, unconfined water, confined water etc for its intrinsic crannies. the practical rock mass concerned project must solve the key stability pr oblem after the understanding of the complicated mechanical characteristic and the deformation trends to guide the following project design and construction for the demand of security, economy, feasibility and validity. however, the intrinsic nonlinearness and complexity of the engineering rock mass become the main difficulty to predict the stability and deformation, the corresponding structure design must ensure enough safety with all the determinate or random force combination, so a model without the geometry distortion and constitutive equation warp is necessary to be built for the quantificational analysis of practical structure ' s stress, for the simulation of the real process and for the determinate evaluation system and optimization

    由於實際工程巖體其固有的非線性和復雜性，使得求解對應的諸如其穩定性、變形等問題面臨較大的困難，而有關的工程結構的設計必須保證該結構在外來因素的作用下具有足夠的安全度、經濟性和合理性，這必然要求對巖體及其工程結構的受力與變形有一套量化評判體系和優化技術，抓住實際工程問題的本質特徵並建立可行的符合幾何模擬、本構模擬、受力模擬、過程模擬四原則的求解模型，通過該模型的數值模擬成果來指導巖體工程的設計、施工及運營、管理；而巖體結構面的存在使得基於傳統連續介質力學理論的理論分析和數值模擬面臨巨大的挑戰，物理模擬的試驗周期和成本也大大增加，而巖土體工程問題則成為典型的數據有限、了解程度有限類問題，這類問題的解決需要綜合應用理論分析、經驗判斷、物理模擬和數值模擬等方法，數值模擬可以完成目前許多技術手段無法完成的實驗，如參數控制，復雜條件下的邊界條件的處理，同時數值模擬具有高可重復性，且數值模擬的成本和人力開銷等遠低於物理模擬，因此研究巖土體工程問題的流形元數值模擬方法是一項具有理論和實際工程應用價值的重要課題。
  6. Dt design - time object

    設計時期物件
  7. Third, we are directed by the factors which affect the development of our city square. the degree ' s dissertation analyzes the tendency of our modern city square development emphatically and bring up the sense of " regional ism and landscape " to the northwest city square development especially. finally, through the practice and the analysis of specimen, we dissert the design of city square in northwest region by using some kinds of theories, such as culture, aesthetics, city planning, urban design etc. this part including the building of square design system, the material environment of square design and the culture environment of square design

    為此，本文首先從廣場與城市空間的關系出發，指出廣場是一種積極的城市空間；然後回顧了中、西方城市廣場空間形態的演變過程，並通過對比，探討其發展的規律和趨勢，指出城市廣場是一定歷史時期，一定經濟、社會、自然條件的產物；再以當今影響我國城市廣場發展的因素作引導，著重分析了我國現代城市廣場的發展趨勢，特別提出了「地域化」 、 「園林化」對于西北地區城市廣場發展方向的意義；最後通過設計實踐和實例分析，運用文化學、美學、生態學、城市學、城市設計等理論，論述在西北地域環境中的城市廣場設計。
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