該罰程度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [gāifáchéngdù]
該罰程度
英文
degree of culpability-
Adopting rational agent characteristic could add the auditor into corporate contract to educing optimum solution ; opening out the auditor incentive factors in auditing demand theory and the monitor mechanism of auditing. a multi - agent corporate model including the firm owner, the manager and the auditor of the corporate is analyzed in the paper, the conclusions are : educing the optimum solution of model which could prevent the manager and the auditor becoming collusive or skulked ; clarifying the relationship between monitoring of the firm owner and working of the auditor, and illustrating the behavior combination of optimum solution ; further analyzing the relationship among monitoring degree, punishment of auditor and the auditor risk. adapting the model from a single term to serial terms, and adding the non - monetary utility of auditor - - - reputation into the model ; describing behavior of the firm owner in reality and clarifying the necessity of monitoring by the owner and the environment improvements it needs
論文採用所有者經理人審計師多代理人模型為基礎進行分析，主要成果是：得出能夠防止共謀和不努力工作的模型最優解集合；通過因素分析闡明審計師工作努力程度與所有者監控力度之間的直接關系，以及審計合約最優解的行為策略組合及其制定順序；引申分析所有者監控力度與審計風險、審計師懲罰力度之間的關系；成功的將模型從單一期間擴展到多期間情況，並且將審計師聲譽等非現金收入形式的效用影響加入到模型當中；通過分析審計實務中的所有者行為特徵說明所有者對審計師工作實施監控的必要性，以及實現該監控所需的條件。This doctrine is the balance between judicial power and administrative power. " banning unilateral contact " is the supplementary of doctrine of rolls and " judicial notice " is the exclusive rules
筆者認為，行政處罰程序應建立案卷制度，行政處罰證據應當遵循「案卷排他性原則」 ，該原則是司法權與行政權結合的平衡點，以「禁止單方面接觸」為補充，以「官方認知」為例外。In this paper, the writer explores to make it clear for people to understand the criminal offence in conspiracy by untypical underworld society in four aspects including the conception and basic features of the untypical underworld society, the component elements of the criminal offence in conspiracy by untypical underworld society, the affirmation of such criminal offence and the penalty upon it, in the light of theoretical research and positive analysis. the conception of the untypical underworld society in china is summarized in comparison with the notion of " society ", " untypical underworld society " and the " features " of the untypical underworld society in china. the writer elaborates, when describing the features of the untypical underworld society, such features as " highly - organized ", that " there exists a sphere of influence in a certain district, or in a certain trade or profession, and illegal control is executed within the sphere of influence ", " with actual economic strength in pursuit of economic benefits ", " political infiltration into governmental organs with antagonism ", " decaying culture " and " the compatibility in the measures of criminal offence "
在論述黑社會性質組織的概念時，結合「社會" 、 「黑社會」的特點和我國黑社會性質組織中「性質」的來源，最後概括出我國黑社會性質組織的概念；在論述黑社會性質組織的特徵時，本文從黑社會性質組織所具有的「比較高的組織化程度」 、 「在某一地區或某些行業具有一定的勢力范圍，並在該范圍內形成非法控制」 、 「以追求經濟利益為主要目的，具有一定的經濟實力」 、 「對政府的滲透，政治上的對抗性」 、 「文化上的腐朽性」 、 「犯罪手段上的兼并性」等方面進行闡述，特別是在「對政府的滲透，政治上的對抗性」採用大篇幅論述，並提出國家工作人員的「保護傘」既包括「包庇」又包括「縱容」 ，特別是在「縱容」方面提出了一些新的觀點；在論述黑社會性質組織犯罪構成特徵時，從犯罪的主體、侵害的客體、犯罪的客觀方面、主觀方面進行了詳細敘述;在論述黑社會性質組織犯罪的認定時，主要從黑社會性質組織與相關范疇的界限、黑社會性質組織罪的司法認定兩個方面來進行的;在論述黑社會性質組織犯罪的刑事處罰時，提出了對各種組織、領導、參加黑社會性質組織行為的處罰原則，並對提高該罪的量刑幅度及增設財產刑提出了立法建議。To avoid huge fines, networks and stations won ' t just toe the line that the " without a trace " fine suggests ; they may steer well clear of it
（當然，損失的錢可以通過符合要求的產品彌補回來，但是，在一定程度上，該罰金帶有危險性。 ）By introducing the concepts of constraints measure and feasible degree, the extent to which the decision variables subject to the inequality constraints and equality constraints is described and then the self - adaptive penalty function is constructed, whose values are adaptively changed with the constraints feasible degree
該策略通過引入約束可行測度、可行度等概念來描述決策變量服從于不等式約束和等式約束的程度，並以此構造處理約束條件的自適應懲罰函數，懲罰值隨著約束可行度的變化而動態自適應地改變。The introduction gives a brief review of the historical track on the development of the qualification penalty. it is believed that with the advancement of the human civilization, and this kind of penalty must have a prosperous prospect for the future development
引言部分:該部分介紹了資格刑發展的歷史軌跡，相信隨著人類文明程度的進一步提高，這種刑罰必然會有廣闊的發展前景。In this part, firstly, the author elaborates the legislation, judicature, sequenced principle that the reeducation - through - labor system reform should follow ; secondly, the author evaluates the patterns of reform which are proposed to the present theorists ; finally, through the comparison of the reeducation - through - labor system and the overseas punitive measures to maintain peace system, definitude the direction of the reform of reeducation - through - labor, on the foundation, the author carries on the choice to the reeducation - through - labor system reform legislation pattern and the legislation name, and proposes the concrete plan of reform
該部分首先闡述了勞教制度改革應遵循的立法化、司法化、程序化原則;其次對目前理論界提出的行政化、刑罰化、保安處分化等改革模式分別進行了評價;最後通過對勞動教養制度與國外保安處分制度的比較，明確了勞動教養保安處分化的改革方向，在此基礎上，對勞動教養制度改革的立法模式和立法名稱進行了選擇，並提出了改革的具體方案。Meanwhile, the planning, lands and works panel is actively following up the proposed charging and penalty system for street excavation works, which is one of the issues studied in our report on " follow - up review on control of utility openings "
此外，規劃地政及工程事務委員會現正積極跟進有關掘路工程收費及處罰制度的建議，而該建議制度是委員會報告書中「有關管制公用事業機構掘路工程的跟進審查」此個章節的研究事項之一。Chinese scholars started to study this much later, and the representative scholars are wang junhao, yu hui, xia dawei, xiao xingzhi and zhang xinzhu etc. governments usually adopt economic regulations to control natural monopoly industries, which means governments enact compulsive restrictions in price, production output, entry and exit etc. pareto standard can often be used to evaluate effect of the regulations from social benefit, production efficiency and trading cost
特別是基於理論研究和實證分析，創造性地提出了「不對稱雙限資費規制模式」 ，該模式較以往提出的規制模式更加完善，更加適合中國國情，更加具有可操作性。本文還從制度、政策方面提出了加快電信立法進程、動態調整規制政策、建立系統配套政策、實施嚴格的規制審查和違規處罰以及推動規制機構組織調整等建議。分享友人