證明責任 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhèngmíngzérèn]
證明責任 英文
burden of proof
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 明 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （明亮） bright; brilliant; light 2 （明白;清楚） clear; distinct 3 （公開;顯露在外;不隱...
  • 責 : Ⅰ名詞（責任） duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 （要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準） demand; ask for; req...
  • 任 : 任名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 證明 : 1 （表明 、 斷定真實性） prove; testify; bear out 2 （證明書或信） certificate; identification; t...
  • 責任 : 1. （應做的事） duty; responsibility 2. （應承擔的過失） responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame
  1. An analysis of proof liability in civil actions

    淺析民事訴訟的證明責任
  2. As the important constituent of the presumption rule, fact presumption is a rule of when the fact prove falls into the difficult position, according to the deduction by the common sense, the judge forms a temporarily inner conviction to the factum probandum under the proof standard, and shifts the subjective burden of proof between the litigants, thus helps the part to overcome the condition of facts prove

    作為事實認定的重要組成部分，事實推定是裁判者在案件事實的證明陷入困境時，根據經驗法則進行推理，在證明標準之下，暫時形成對案件待證事實的心證，並在當事人之間轉移主觀證明責任，從而避免訴訟陷入僵局，排除當事人舉證困難的證明法則。
  3. The text first defines the concept 、 character and feature of judicial cognition, at the same time, author compares judicial cognition with facts without proof 、 self cognition 、 deduction 、 prove duty etc, then defines the function of judicial cognition. the text fingers out that the philosophy foundation of judicial cognition is a entity of fortuity and inevitability, the realistic foundation is economic legal procedure

    本文在對司法認知的概念、特徵和性質進行界定的同時，對司法認知與免證事實、自認、推定、預決事實、證明責任等相關概念進行辨析，對司法認知的功能進行準確定位，並提出了司法認知的哲學基礎是或然性和必然性的統一，而現實基礎是法律程序的經濟性。
  4. The third part of this article mainly discusses the causal relationship in market manipulation, which is a block of the enforcement of the law against market fraudulences. because market manipulation is a kind of special tort, the author agree on the use of the " proof to the contrary " theory to lighten the proof burden of the damaged party in causal relationship. besides, this part also discusses such issues as how to decide the scope of legal plaintiffs, how to assess the losses of the damaged party

    本文第三部分「操縱市場的因果關系研究」從民法一般的因果關系理論入手，並結合操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系的特殊性，論述了操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系是否成立的判斷標準，並主張對因果關系在民事訴訟中舉證責任的分配應突破「法律要件分類說」的要求，適用因果關系舉證責任倒置的做法，即由操縱市場案件中的被告負擔證明責任成立因果關系不成立的舉證責任，否則即推定因果關系成立。
  5. The author agrees with the dual - meaning doctrine, and defines the concept of criminal proof responsibility based on this doctrine. secondly, the author clears up the relationship between criminal proof responsibility and burden responsibility usually confused by our legal theorists and practicians, and points out that the two concepts are interrelated and mutually distinction. during the overall criminal process, the two concepts are the use of a phased process of dynamic change, with different subjects reflected in the various stages from an

    本文在對兩大法系的刑事證明責任對比的基礎上進行借鑒，並以此對我國的刑事證明責任的概念做出界定，在法學理論上對其分配問題進行了分析，認為無論是從我國現階段的經濟水平還是法律制度的發展水平來說，我國的刑事證明責任都應該以適合中國國情的可操作性為原則來進行分配，並且應該用經濟成本的眼光去看待這個問題的變化與發展。
  6. In continental law system countries, burden of proof includes burden of adducing evidence, burden of persuasion. burden of adducing evidence means that the subjects in criminal procedure who initiate trial procedure and require the courts to judge according to their demands or subject whom there is presumption against must adduce adequate " evidence of the fact to prove that the evidence is on the demand of proof. otherwise the subjects will fail in the suit

    筆者認為，刑事訴訟證明責任，是指在刑事訴訟中引起審判程序啟動並要求法院依其主張裁判或存在對其不利之法律推定的刑事訴訟主體，必須就其主張的對定罪量刑具有決定作用的待證特定事實或者為推翻不利的推定事實提出足夠證據，並利用證據對該事實或或者為推翻不利的推定事實加以證明到法律規定的程度。
  7. With the improvement in the overall diathesis and operational capabilities of chinese law professionals, the issue on the distribution of burden of proof has increasingly become the focus in the court debates

    隨著我國法律工作者整體素質及業務能力的提高，證明責任分配問題也日漸成為法庭辯論的焦點。
  8. On the confirmation of foreign law ' s burden proof

    論外國法證明責任的確定
  9. In the issue of this type, the subjects of the right of action only are those investors who deal with insider simultaneously in the opposite direct ion. the rule of burden of proof inverted is suitable to the issue of inside dealing

    在該類案件中，有權提起訴訟的原告只能是與被告同時從事相反方向交易的投資者，證明責任的分配適用舉證責任倒置規則。
  10. Nowadays the distribution of burden of civil proof has many malpractices in legislation, theory and judicial actions, and therefore the research on the distribution of burden of civil proof proves itself meaningful and significant theoretically and practically on the background of judicial reform

    我國的民事證明責任分配無論是立法、理論還是司法實踐都存在諸多弊端，因此，在當前司法改革的背景下，研究民事證明責任的分配製度具有重大的理論價值和現實意義。
  11. The conclusion is that judicial notice has an impact on burden of proof, but the impact is only limited to the secope of subjective burden of proof

    但是司法認知隻影響主觀證明責任的分配，而與客觀證明責任沒有實質的關聯。
  12. Judicial notice is concened with the issue what facts the litigants need not produce evidence to prove, but the judges establish them directly

    司法認知解決的是哪些事實不需要當事人舉證證明，免除當事人的證明責任，而由法官直接確認。
  13. For the function of burden of proof, the author holds that burden of proof functions settled disputes impartially, to prevent judicial office from abusing state ' s power, and to confine misusing the right to initiate a private prosecution or the right to defend and to promote efficiency

    在功能方面，筆者認為，證明責任具有公正解決糾紛、阻止權力濫用、限制自訴權和應訴權不當行使及提高訴訟效率四個方面的功能，並進行了詳細的論述。
  14. The right of evidential investigation of lawyers in criminal proceedings means the lawyers can meet the suspects or the accused, read the files, and investigate evidence to discover and acquire all kinds of relative evidential materials to prove that the suspects or accused are innocent or only commit lighter crimes, or the criminal liabilities upon them shall be abated or exempted, thus, the legal interests of the suspects and accused are protected

    刑事訴訟中律師調查取證權是指律師接受刑事案件當事人的委託，採取會見、閱卷、調查等方法，發現和取得與案件有關的各種證據材料，證明犯罪嫌疑人、被告人無罪、罪輕、或者減輕、免除刑事責任，維護其合法權益。律師的調查取證權在性質上是舉證責任，控訴方的調查取證權性質上是證明責任。
  15. In the writer ' s opinion, presumption of innocence should be stated " everyone is innocent before he is proved and pronounced guilty, its extended meanings include, ( 1 ) the defendant is the main part and has qualifications in lawsuit. ( 2 ) the accusing party has the responsibility to offer evidence. ( 3 ) the priviledge against selfincrimination and right to silence are considered

    筆者認為無罪推定原則的科學表述為任何人未經證實並判決有罪之前，應視為無罪，它所引申出的訴訟規則主要包括（一）被告人具有獨立的訴訟地位和訴訟主體資格； （二）由控訴方負主要證明責任； （三）反對自我歸罪及沉默權規則； （四）疑罪從無原則。
  16. One ( the burden of producing evidence ) shifts, the other ( the burden of proof ) does not. based on the result of comparative research, this thesis tries to study the relevant question in china

    就我國來講，從以前簡單從提供證據的責任論文摘要、中文）作為該領域問題的主導思想，到最新的司法解釋確立證明責任解決問題的思想，我國的理論和實踐都已經發生了相當的變革。
  17. In chapter three, the author makes a detailed discussion on different theories of allocation of burden of proof in china ' s criminal procedure after a brief introduction to theories of allocation of burden of proof in foreign countries. then, the author puts forward that. the public security organs, the people ' s procuratorates and the private prosecutor should bear the burden of proof in criminal procedure in china, and the accused bear the burden of proof only when there is presumption against him

    本文第三章在概柱外國刑事訴訟證明責任分配的基礎上，對我國刑事訴訟證明責任分配各學說進行述評，認為在我國刑事訴訟中應按照「概然性」標準分配證明責什，即由公安機關、人民檢察院和自訴人承擔案件實體事實方面的證明責被告人只有在存在不利3去律推定的條件下，才承擔證明自己無罪的責任。
  18. When have analyzed the method of alleviating the patient ’ s burden of proof, specific methods are proposed. author suggest that court should accept the sue only if the patient prove the cause to the degree the average person regard the cause true, the burden of proof is bored on medical organization when the being proving fact provided by patient is highly possible ; the burden of proof is bored on patient when being proving fact provided by patient is less possible but the fact is only clue and medical organization take on responsibility of explanation ; and the burden of proof is bored on the patient when the fact is impossible. author proposed also method to form a complete set, which is establishing the principle of free prove, dividing the cause into cause in fact and cause in law and establishing the standard for possibility

    筆者在分析了減輕患者證明責任的途徑之後，提出了完善醫療糾紛訴訟中證明責任分配的具體方法:將《最高人民法院關于證據的若干規定》第四條第八款修改為:患者就醫療行為向法院提起訴訟，必須就醫療方存在過錯或者損害與醫療行為之間存在事實上的因果關系的證明達到依一般人的觀點，可以合理懷疑的程度時，法院才能受理;對患者提出的有爭議的待證事實，具有高度的蓋然性的，由醫療方承擔證明責任，事實真偽不明時，由醫療方承擔敗訴風險;對待證的事實蓋然性較低，但該事實是唯一具體線索的可能性時，由醫療方承擔解明義務，在醫療方已經盡了解明義務而事實仍然真偽不明時，仍由患者承擔敗訴風險;對蓋然性很低的案件，由患者承擔證明責任。
  19. Recently, influenced by the advanced legal system, it has some successful experiences in our trial. based on the successful experiences, it is necessary to perfect our burden of proof in media defamation

    近年來，隨著我國對證明責任認識的深化，並受各國先進制度的影響，我國的審判實踐中出現了一些比較成功的案例。
  20. Burden of proof system is an important litigation

    證明責任制度是重要的訴訟制度。
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